print

Happiness Measures

Characteristics

Code:
O-SLL-u-sq-v-4-b
Focus:
Overall: Satisfaction with Life one Leads (O-SLL)
Time frame:
time unspecified (u)
Mode:
1 question (sq)
Scale Type:
verbal scale (v)
Scale Range:
4

Description

Self report on single  question:

On the whole how satisfied are you with the life you lead?
4  very satisfied
3  fairly satisfied
2  not very satisfied
1  not at all satisfied
-  Don't know

List of Studies Using this Measure

Study Population N Mean
Standard Deviation Blanchflower (2007): study ZZ EU 20 1973 15+ aged, general public, EU 20, Multiple nations, 1973 N = 680000
Eurobarometer (1986): study ZZ EU 9 1984 /1 15+ aged, general public, EU 9 nations, 1984 N = 0
Eurobarometer (1991): study ZZ EU 9 1987 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 1987 N = 0
Eurobarometer (2002b): study ZZ EU 9 2002 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 2002 N = 0
Okulicz-Kozaryn (2010): study ZZ 1996 15+ aged, general public, 188 West European provinces, 1996 N = 65178
Okulicz-Kozaryn (2012): study ZZ EU 25 1996 15+ aged, general public, 188 West European provinces, 1996 N = 65178
Okulicz-Kozaryn (2011a): study ZZ 1996 15+ aged, general public, the U.S. and Western Europe, 1996-2002 N = 11630
Eurobarometer (1986): study ZZ EU 9 1986 /1 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 1986 N = 0
Eurobarometer (1986): study ZZ EU 9 1986 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 1986 N = 0
Eurobarometer (1986): study ZZ EU 9 1985 /1 15+ aged, general public, EU 9 nations, 1985 N = 0
Eurobarometer (1996): study FI Kainuu 1996 15+ aged general public, Kainuu region, Finland, 1996 N = 83
Mean
= 3.180
 Eurobarometer (1986): study ZZ EU 9 1985 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 1985 N = 0
Eurobarometer (2003a): study ZZ EU 9 2003 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 2003 N = 0
Eurobarometer (2004a): study ZZ EU 9 2004 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 2004 N = 0
Eurobarometer (1986): study ZZ EU 9 1984 15+ aged, general public, EU 9 nations, 1984 N = 0
Eurobarometer (2002): study ZZ EU 9 2001 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 2001 N = 0
Patino et al. (2021): study ZZ EU 27 2005 15+ aged, 27 European nations, 2005-2019 N = 691781
Mean
= 2.889
 Bergsma (2022): study ZZ EU 15 1999 15+ aged general public, EU15 nations 1999 N = 22500
Bergsma (2022): study ZZ EU 15 2000 15+ aged general public, EU15 nations 2000 N = 22500
Bergsma (2022): study ZZ EU 15 2000 /1 15+ aged general public, EU15 nations 2000 N = 22500
Bergsma (2022): study ZZ EU 15 2001 15+ aged general public, EU15 nations 2001 N = 22500
Bergsma (2022): study ZZ EU 15 2001 /1 15+ aged general public, EU15 nations 2001 N = 22500
Bergsma (2022): study ZZ EU 15 2002 15+ aged general public, EU15 nations 2002 N = 22500
Bergsma (2022): study ZZ EU 15 2002 /1 15+ aged general public, EU15 nations 2002 N = 22500
Bergsma (2022): study ZZ EU 15 2003 15+ aged general public, EU15 nations 2003 N = 22500
Bergsma (2022): study ZZ EU 15 2006 15+ aged general public, EU15 nations 2006 N = 22500
Bergsma (2022): study ZZ EU 15 2006 /1 15+ aged general public, EU15 nations 2006 N = 22500
Bergsma (2022): study ZZ EU 15 2007 15+ aged general public, EU15 nations 2007 N = 22500
Bergsma (2022): study ZZ EU 15 2008 15+ aged general public, EU15 nations 2008 N = 22500
Eurobarometer (2002a): study ZZ EU 9 2002 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 2002 N = 0
Eurobarometer (2001): study ZZ EU 9 2001 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 2001 N = 0
Eurobarometer (1986): study ZZ EU 9 1983 /1 15+ aged, general public, EU 9 nations, 1983 N = 0
Eurobarometer (1996): study ZZ EU 9 1996 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 1996 N = 0
Eurobarometer (1991b): study ZZ EU 9 1993 /1 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 1993 N = 0
Eurobarometer (1991b): study ZZ EU 9 1994 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 1994 N = 0
Eurobarometer (1991b): study ZZ EU 9 1994 /1 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 1994 N = 0
Eurobarometer (1991a): study ZZ EU 9 1992 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 1992 N = 0
Eurobarometer (1991a): study ZZ EU 9 1991 /1 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 1991 N = 0
Blanchflower & Oswald (2017): study ZZ Europe 2016 15+ aged, general public, Europe, 36 nations, 2016 N = 32857
Eurobarometer (1995): study ZZ EU 9 1995 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 1995 N = 0
Eurobarometer (1991a): study ZZ EU 9 1991 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 1991 N = 0
Baltatescu (2006c): study ZZ Eastern Europe 2001 15+ aged general public, Eastern European countries 2001-2005 N = 11000
Baltatescu (2010): study ZZ Eastern Europe 2001 15+ aged general public, Eastern European countries 2001-2008 N = 80000
Blanchflower et al. (2013a): study ZZ EU28 1975 +18 aged, general public, 31European countries, 1975-2013 N = 3100
Eurobarometer (1991): study ZZ EU 9 1990 /1 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 1990 N = 0
GESIS (2007): study DE Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 1990 18+ aged, general public, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany, 1990-2002 N = 3240
Dolan et al. (2014): study ZZ Europe 2004 15+ aged general public, 25 European nations, 2004 N = 25000
Eurobarometer (1997): study ZZ EU 9 1997 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 1997 N = 0
Eurobarometer (1991): study ZZ EU 9 1990 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 1990 N = 0
Eurobarometer (1991): study ZZ EU 9 1989 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 1989 N = 0
Eurobarometer (1991): study ZZ EU 9 1989 /1 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 1989 N = 0
Eurobarometer (1991): study ZZ EU 9 1988 /1 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 1988 N = 0
Kavetsos & Koutroumpis (2011): study ZZ EU28 2005 15+ aged general public, 29 EU countries, 2005- 2008 N = 28000
Mean
= 2.910
 Eurobarometer (1991): study ZZ EU 9 1988 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 1988 N = 0
Eurobarometer (1998): study ZZ EU 9 1998 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 1998 N = 0
Eurobarometer (1999): study ZZ EU 9 1999 15+ aged, general public,EU 9, 1999 N = 0
Eurobarometer (1975a): study ZZ EU 9 1975 15+ aged, general public, EU 9 nations, 1975 N = 9605
Eurobarometer (2000a): study ZZ EU 9 2000 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 2000 N = 0
Eurobarometer (2000b): study ZZ EU 9 2000 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 2000 N = 0
Eurobarometer (1991): study ZZ EU 9 1987 /1 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 1987 N = 0
Eurobarometer (1991b): study ZZ EU 9 1993 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 1993 N = 0
Bergsma (2022): study ZZ EU 15 2009 15+ aged general public, EU15 nations 2009 N = 22500
Eurobarometer (1986): study ZZ EU 9 1983 15+ aged, general public, EU 9 nations, 1983 N = 0
Veenhoven (2005a): study ZZ 1990 Adults, general public, 55 nations, 1990s N = 75000
Bergsma (2022): study ZZ EU 15 2010 15+ aged general public, EU15 nations 2010 N = 22500
Eurobarometer (1986): study ZZ EU 9 1976 15+ aged, general public, EU 9 nations, 1976 N = 7615
Eurobarometer (1986): study ZZ EU 9 1975 /1 15+ aged, general public, EU 9 nations, 1975 N = 8153
Hessami (2010): study ZZ Western Europe 1990 18+ aged, general public, 12 European nations, 1990-2000 N = 153268
Börsch-Supan & Jürgens (2006): study XZ Germany West 1984 /2 25+ aged, general public, West-Germany, 1984-2002 N = 1000
Frey et al. (2009): study ZZ Various nation sets 1975 15+ aged, general public, regions, United Kingdom and Ireland, 1975-2002 N = 62320
Frey et al. (2009): study FR 1973 15+ aged, general public, regions, France, 1973-2002 N = 38062
Veenhoven & VanSchoonhoven (1991): study ZZ EU 11 1975 18+ aged, general public, EU 11 member states, 1975-1986 N = 200000
Ouweneel (1987): study ZZ EU 9 1975 Adults, general public, EU 9 member states, 1975-1986 N = 9000
Pacek & Radcliff (2008): study ZZ Western Europe 1975 15+ aged, general public, 11 West European nations, 1975-2002 N = 400000
Veenhoven (2005d): study ZZ EU 14 1970 15+ aged, general public, EU 14 member states, 1973-2001 N = 374000
Luechinger et al. (2008): study ZZ EU 13 1989 Employees, public and private sector, 13 European nations, 1989-1994 N = 50262
Eurobarometer (1986): study ZZ EU 9 1977 15+ aged, general public, EU 9 nations, 1977 N = 0
Veenhoven (2002a): study ZZ EU 12 1973 Adults, general public, EU 12 member states, 1973-1996 N = 15000
Campbell & Porquet (2014): study ZZ EU 27 2010 18+ aged, general public, 27 EU nations, 2010 N = 26723
Eurobarometer (1986): study ZZ EU 9 1975 15+ aged, general public, EU 9 nations, 1975 N = 8610
Eurobarometer (1996): study BE Brabant Wallon (Waals Brabant) 1996 15+ aged general public, Brabant Wallon (Waals Brabant) region, Belgium, 1996 N = 124
Eurobarometer (2022): study SI 2022 15+ aged, Slovenia, 2022 N = 1000
Luechinger (2010): study ZZ Europe 1979 14+ aged, general public EU nations 1979-1994 N = 223982
Veenhoven & Hagerty (2006): study ZZ Europe 1973 15+ aged, general public, 8 EU member states, 1973 - 2004 N = 150000
Stevenson & Wolfers (2008): study ZZ Europe 1973 18+ aged general public, Europe, 1973-2007 N = 1210000
Sacks et al. (2010): study ZZ Europe 1973 18+ aged general public, 31 countries, 1973-2008 N = 150000
Blanchflower (2004): study ZZ Europe 1975 /1 18+aged, general public, 17 European countries, 1975-1998 N = 480000
Blanchflower (2007): study ZZ OECD member states 1973 15+ aged, general public, OECD member states, 1973 N = 743397
Michel et al. (2019): study ZZ EU 27 1980 15+ aged, 27 nations, Europe, 1980-2011 N = 900000
Eurobarometer (1986): study ZZ EU 9 1976 /1 15+ aged, general public, EU 9 nations, 1976 N = 0
Eurobarometer (1986): study ZZ EU 9 1977 /1 15+ aged, general public, EU 9 nations, 1977 N = 0
Eurobarometer (2022): study ZZ EU 27 2022 15+ aged, 27 EU nations, 2021 N = 27000
Eurobarometer (1986): study ZZ EU 9 1982 /1 15+ aged, general public, EU 9 nations, 1982 N = 0
Bergsma (2022): study ZZ EU 15 2011 15+ aged general public, EU15 nations 2011 N = 22500
Bergsma (2022): study ZZ EU 15 2012 15+ aged general public, EU15 nations 2012 N = 22500
Bergsma (2022): study ZZ EU 15 2013 15+ aged general public, EU15 nations 2013 N = 22500
Eurobarometer (1986): study ZZ EU 9 1982 15+ aged, general public, EU 9 nations, 1982 N = 0
Bergsma (2022): study ZZ EU 15 2014 15+ aged general public, EU15 nations 2014 N = 22500
Bergsma (2022): study ZZ EU 15 2016 15+ aged general public, EU15 nations 2016 N = 22500
Eurobarometer (1986): study ZZ EU 9 1981 15+ aged, general public, EU 9 nations, 1981 N = 0
Bergsma (2022): study ZZ EU 15 2017 15+ aged general public, EU15 nations 2017 N = 22500
Bergsma (2022): study ZZ EU 15 2019 15+ aged general public, EU15 nations 2019 N = 22500
Bergsma (2022): study ZZ EU 15 1999 /1 15+ aged general public, EU15 nations 1999 N = 22500
Bergsma (2022): study ZZ EU 15 2015 /1 15+ aged general public, EU15 nations 2015 N = 22500
Bergsma (2022): study ZZ EU 15 2015 /2 15+ aged general public, EU15 nations 2015 N = 22500
Eurobarometer (2022): study IE 2022 15+ aged, Ireland, 2022 N = 1000
Eurobarometer (1991a): study ZZ EU 9 1992 /1 15+ aged, general public, EU 9, 1992 N = 0
Eurobarometer (2022): study BG 2022 15+ aged, Bulgaria, 2022 N = 1000
Eurobarometer (1986): study ZZ EU 9 1979 15+ aged, general public, EU 9 nations, 1979 N = 0
Eurobarometer (1986): study ZZ EU 9 1978 /1 15+ aged, general public, EU 9 nations, 1978 N = 0
Eurobarometer (1986): study ZZ EU 9 1978 15+ aged, general public, EU 9 nations, 1978 N = 0
Eurobarometer (1986): study ZZ EU 9 1980 15+ aged, general public, EU 9 nations, 1980 N = 0
Radcliff (2005): study ZZ 1975 15+ aged, general public, EU 10, 10 nations, 1975 N = 10000
Hills et al. (2015): study ZZ Europe 1973 /1 18+ aged, general public, 6 EU nations, 1973-2000 N = 190
Mean
= 2.980
SD
= 0.180
 Hills et al. (2015): study ZZ Europe 1973 15+ aged, general public, 5 EU nations, 1973-2009 N = 119
Mean
= 2.980
SD
= 0.180
 Alesina et al. (2005): study ZZ Europe 1992 15-64 aged, employed heads of household, 10 EU countries, 1972-1995 N = 20000
Mean
= 3.000
SD
= 0.260
 Bjornskov et al. (2008b): study ZZ EU 15 1973 16+ aged, general public, EU 15 member states, 1973-2002. N = 250000
Mean
= 3.050
SD
= 0.280
 Bjornskov (2014): study ZZ EU 27 1975 15+ aged, 29 EU nations, 2007-2010 N = 150000
Mean
= 2.300
SD
= 0.330
 Bjornskov (2014): study ZZ Europe 1975 14+ aged, 29 countries (EU member states and potential members), 1975-2011 N = 2000
Mean
= 2.999
SD
= 0.334
 Welsch (2006): study ZZ EU 10 1990 15+ aged, general public 10 EU nations 1990-1997 N = 240000
Mean
= 3.100
SD
= 0.340
 Walsh (2012): study ZZ EU 27 2004 /1 18+ aged, general public, 23 European nations, 2004 N = 196000
Mean
= 1.920
SD
= 0.360
 GESIS (2007): study SE Norra Mellansverige Kopparberg 1990 18+ aged, general public, Norra Mellansverige Kopparberg region, Sweden, 1990-2002 N = 220
Mean
= 3.271
SD
= 0.474
 Eurobarometer (2018): study DK 2018 15+ aged, general public, Denmark, 2018 N = 1015
Mean
= 3.710
SD
= 0.475
 Eurobarometer (2019): study DK 2019 15+ aged, general public, Denmark, 2019 N = 1013
Mean
= 3.720
SD
= 0.492
 GESIS (2007): study SE Ovre Norrland Västerbotten 1990 18+ aged, general public, Ovre Norrland Västerbotten region, Sweden, 1990-2002 N = 126
Mean
= 3.586
SD
= 0.492
 Eurobarometer (1996): study BE Vlaams Brabant 1996 15+ aged general public, Vlaams Brabant region, Belgium, 1996 N = 295
Mean
= 3.160
SD
= 0.493
 Eurobarometer (2020): study DK 2020 15+ Aged General Public, Denmark, 2020 N = 990
Mean
= 3.710
SD
= 0.496
 GESIS (2007): study AT Salzburg 1990 18+ aged, general public, Salzburg region, Austria, 1990 N = 2100
Mean
= 3.063
SD
= 0.497
 GESIS (2007): study SE Vaestverige Älvsborg 1990 18+ aged, general public, Vaestverige Älvsborg region, Sweden, 1990-2002 N = 159
Mean
= 3.470
SD
= 0.499
 Eurobarometer (1996): study ES Cantabria 1996 15+ aged general public, Cantabria region, Spain, 1996 N = 93
Mean
= 2.942
SD
= 0.503
 Eurobarometer (2011): study IS 2010 15+ aged, general public, Iceland, 2010 N = 501
Mean
= 3.620
SD
= 0.506
 Eurobarometer (1996): study DE Detmold 1996 15+ aged general public, Detmold region, Germany, 1996 N = 190
Mean
= 3.182
SD
= 0.507
 Eurobarometer (2009): study DK 2009 12+ aged, general public, Denmark, 2009 N = 1012
Mean
= 3.680
SD
= 0.508
 Eurobarometer (2017a): study DK 2017 15+ aged, general public, Denmark, 2017 N = 1016
Mean
= 3.709
SD
= 0.510
 Eurobarometer (2013): study IS 2013 15+ aged, general public, Iceland, 2013 N = 511
Mean
= 3.596
SD
= 0.511
 Eurobarometer (2012a): study IS 2012 15+ aged, general public, Iceland, 2012 N = 502
Mean
= 3.580
SD
= 0.513
 Eurobarometer (2010a): study DK 2009 12+ aged, general public, Denmark, 2009 N = 1006
Mean
= 3.660
SD
= 0.514
 GESIS (2007): study SE Stockholms Län 1990 18+ aged, general public, Stockholms Län region, Sweden, 1990-2002 N = 549
Mean
= 3.368
SD
= 0.515
 Eurobarometer (2021a): study PT 2021 15+ Aged General Public, Portugal, 2021 N = 1000
Mean
= 2.790
SD
= 0.516
 Eurobarometer (2016b): study DK 2016 15+ aged, general public, Denmark, 2016 N = 1007
Mean
= 3.707
SD
= 0.517
 Eurobarometer (1996): study FI Keski-Suomi 1996 15+ aged general public, Keski-Suomi region, Finland, 1996 N = 211
Mean
= 3.234
SD
= 0.517
 Eurobarometer (1996): study DK 1996 16+ aged, general public, Denmark, 1996 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.653
SD
= 0.517
 Eurobarometer (2018a): study MT 2018 General public, 15+ aged, Malta, 2018 N = 502
Mean
= 3.303
SD
= 0.521
 Eurobarometer (2019a): study MT 2019 15+ aged, general public, , Malta, 2019 N = 501
Mean
= 3.130
SD
= 0.523
 Eurobarometer (2017): study DK 2017 15+ aged, general public, Denmark, 2017 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.690
SD
= 0.523
 Eurobarometer (1996): study DK Jylland 1996 15+ aged general public, Jylland region, Denmark, 1996 N = 1418
Mean
= 3.653
SD
= 0.527
 Eurobarometer (1996): study DK Sjaelland, Lolland-Falster 1996 15+ aged general public, Sjaelland, Lolland-Falster region,Denmark, 1996 N = 349
Mean
= 3.659
SD
= 0.527
 Eurobarometer (2019a): study DK 2019 15+ aged, general public, , Denmark, 2019 N = 1022
Mean
= 3.680
SD
= 0.527
 Eurobarometer (1996): study BE Luxembourg 1996 15+ aged general public, Luxembourg region, Belgium, 1996 N = 74
Mean
= 2.947
SD
= 0.528
 Eurobarometer (2018a): study PL 2018 General public, 15+ aged, Poland, 2018 N = 1025
Mean
= 3.061
SD
= 0.531
 Eurobarometer (2000b): study DK 2000 15+ aged, general public, Denmark, 2000 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.582
SD
= 0.533
 Eurobarometer (1996): study ES Navarra 1996 15+ aged general public, Navarra region, Spain, 1996 N = 81
Mean
= 2.935
SD
= 0.534
 Eurobarometer (2014): study IS 2014 15+ aged, general public, Iceland, 2014 N = 501
Mean
= 3.570
SD
= 0.534
 Eurobarometer (2011a): study FI 2011 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2011 N = 1003
Mean
= 3.290
SD
= 0.535
 Eurobarometer (2018): study FI 2018 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2018 N = 1009
Mean
= 3.290
SD
= 0.535
 Eurobarometer (2018): study PL 2018 15+ aged, general public, Poland, 2018 N = 1013
Mean
= 3.041
SD
= 0.536
 Eurobarometer (2017): study MT 2017 15+ aged, general public, Malta, 2017 N = 503
Mean
= 3.250
SD
= 0.536
 Eurobarometer (2013a): study IS 2013 15+ aged, general public, Denmark, 2013 N = 500
Mean
= 3.530
SD
= 0.538
 Eurobarometer (2006a): study SE 2006 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2006 N = 1013
Mean
= 3.480
SD
= 0.538
 Eurobarometer (2014): study SE 2014 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2014 N = 1008
Mean
= 3.520
SD
= 0.538
 Eurobarometer (2012): study SE 2012 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2012 N = 1019
Mean
= 3.480
SD
= 0.538
 Eurobarometer (1996): study IT Trentino 1996 15+ aged, general public,Trentino region, Italy, 1996 N = 96
Mean
= 3.173
SD
= 0.539
 Eurobarometer (2018a): study LU 2018 General public, 15+ aged, Luxemburg, 2018 N = 501
Mean
= 3.310
SD
= 0.542
 Eurobarometer (1995): study DK 1996 15+ aged, general public, Denmark, 1996 N = 3100
Mean
= 3.637
SD
= 0.542
 GESIS (2007): study SE Mellersta Norrland Västermorrland 1990 18+ aged, general public, Mellersta Norrland Västermorrland region, Sweden, 1990-2002 N = 124
Mean
= 3.406
SD
= 0.543
 GESIS (2007): study SE Vaestverige Göteborg och Bohus 1990 18+ aged, general public, Vaestverige Göteborg och Bohus region, Sweden, 1990-2002 N = 264
Mean
= 3.374
SD
= 0.544
 Eurobarometer (2017a): study MT 2017 15+ aged, general public, Malta, 2017 N = 500
Mean
= 3.251
SD
= 0.544
 Eurobarometer (2002b): study DK 2002 15+ aged, general public, Denmark, 2002 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.610
SD
= 0.546
 Eurobarometer (2018): study IE 2018 15+ aged, general public, Ireland, 2018 N = 1007
Mean
= 3.390
SD
= 0.546
 Eurobarometer (1996): study AT Vorarlberg 1996 15+ aged general public, Vorarlberg region, Austria, 1996 N = 125
Mean
= 3.458
SD
= 0.546
 Eurobarometer (1996): study IT Valle d'Aosta 1996 15+ aged, general public, Valle d'Aostae Piemonte region, Italy, 1996 N = 542
Mean
= 2.992
SD
= 0.546
 GESIS (2007): study DE West Germany 1991 /1 18+ aged, general public, West-Germany region, Germany, 1991 N = 1001
Mean
= 3.097
SD
= 0.547
 Eurobarometer (2018a): study IE 2018 General public, 15+ aged, Ierland, 2018 N = 1004
Mean
= 3.400
SD
= 0.548
 Eurobarometer (2020): study SE 2020 15+ Aged General Public, Sweden, 2020 N = 1054
Mean
= 3.400
SD
= 0.548
 Eurobarometer (2022): study PT 2022 15+ aged, Portugal, 2022 N = 1000
Mean
= 2.860
SD
= 0.548
 Eurobarometer (2021a): study BE 2021 15+ Aged General Public, Belgium, 2021 N = 1007
Mean
= 3.170
SD
= 0.549
 Eurobarometer (2019): study MT 2019 General public, 15+ aged, Malta, 2019 N = 503
Mean
= 3.170
SD
= 0.549
 Eurobarometer (2019a): study SI 2019 15+ aged, general public, , Slovenia, 2019 N = 1007
Mean
= 3.170
SD
= 0.549
 GESIS (2007): study SE Uppsala Ostra Mellansverige 1990 18+ aged, general public, Uppsala Ostra Mellansverige region, Sweden, 1990-2002 N = 145
Mean
= 3.120
SD
= 0.551
 Eurobarometer (2021a): study DK 2021 15+ Aged General Public, Denmark, 2021 N = 1008
Mean
= 3.580
SD
= 0.551
 GESIS (2007): study NO Aust Agder 1990 18+ aged, general public, Aust Agder region, Norway, 1990-2002 N = 222
Mean
= 3.553
SD
= 0.552
 Eurobarometer (2010): study NL 2008 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2008 N = 1041
Mean
= 3.512
SD
= 0.553
 Eurobarometer (1996): study DE Koblenz 1996 15+ aged, general public, Koblenz region, Germany, 1996 N = 141
Mean
= 2.987
SD
= 0.553
 Eurobarometer (1996): study DK Hovenstaden (Capital region, København) 1996 15+ aged general public, København region, Denmark, 1996 N = 1061
Mean
= 3.616
SD
= 0.553
 GESIS (2007): study IT Trentino 1990 18+ aged, general public, Trentino region, Italy, 1990-2002 N = 774
Mean
= 3.089
SD
= 0.553
 Eurobarometer (2017): study PT 2017 15+ aged, general public, Portugal, 2017 N = 1076
Mean
= 2.790
SD
= 0.553
 Eurobarometer (2013a): study SE 2013 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2013 N = 1019
Mean
= 3.440
SD
= 0.554
 Eurobarometer (1996): study DE Munster 1996 15 aged general public, Munster region, Germany, 1996 N = 245
Mean
= 3.082
SD
= 0.554
 Eurobarometer (1986): study DK 1984 /1 15+ aged, general public, Denmark, 1984 N = 990
Mean
= 3.560
SD
= 0.555
 Eurobarometer (2019): study SE 2019 General public, 15+ aged, Sweden, 2019 N = 1015
Mean
= 3.450
SD
= 0.555
 Eurobarometer (2021a): study EE 2021 /1 15+ Aged General Public, Estonia, 2021 N = 1021
Mean
= 2.950
SD
= 0.555
 Eurobarometer (2007a): study SI 2007 15+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 2007 N = 1013
Mean
= 3.150
SD
= 0.555
 Eurobarometer (2019): study PT 2019 General public, 15+ aged, Portugal, 2019 N = 1008
Mean
= 2.750
SD
= 0.555
 Eurobarometer (2005a): study SE 2005 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2005 N = 0
Mean
= 3.444
SD
= 0.555
 Eurobarometer (2005): study SE 2005 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2005 N = 0
Mean
= 3.444
SD
= 0.555
 Eurobarometer (2021a): study PL 2021 15+ Aged General Public, Poland, 2021 N = 1017
Mean
= 3.071
SD
= 0.555
 Eurobarometer (2007a): study SE 2007 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2007 N = 1005
Mean
= 3.460
SD
= 0.555
 Eurobarometer (2013): study SE 2013 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2013 N = 1011
Mean
= 3.455
SD
= 0.555
 GESIS (2007): study SE Malmö 1990 18+ aged, general public, Malmö region, Sweden, 1990-2002 N = 402
Mean
= 3.298
SD
= 0.556
 Eurobarometer (2015a): study PL 2015 15+ aged, general public, Poland, 2015 N = 1012
Mean
= 3.021
SD
= 0.556
 Eurobarometer (1996): study SE Oevre Norrland 1996 15+ aged, general public, Oevre Norrland region, Sweden, 1996 N = 189
Mean
= 3.342
SD
= 0.556
 Eurobarometer (2018): study NL 2018 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands 2018 N = 1060
Mean
= 3.530
SD
= 0.556
 Eurobarometer (2011b): study IS 2011 15+ aged, general public, Iceland, 2011 N = 500
Mean
= 3.535
SD
= 0.556
 Eurobarometer (1996): study NL Overijssel 1996 15+ aged, general public, Overijssel region, Netherlands, 1996 N = 242
Mean
= 3.479
SD
= 0.556
 Eurobarometer (2011b): study SE 2011 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2011 N = 1022
Mean
= 3.480
SD
= 0.556
 Eurobarometer (2020): study NL 2020 15+ Aged General Public, Netherlands, 2020 N = 1004
Mean
= 3.480
SD
= 0.556
 Eurobarometer (2018a): study EE 2018 General public, 15+ aged, Estonia, 2018 N = 1009
Mean
= 2.990
SD
= 0.557
 Eurobarometer (2022): study NL 2022 15+ aged, Netherlands, 2022 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.490
SD
= 0.557
 Eurobarometer (2015a): study FI 2015 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2015 N = 1003
Mean
= 3.300
SD
= 0.557
 Eurobarometer (2011b): study NL 2011 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2011 N = 1005
Mean
= 3.500
SD
= 0.557
 Eurobarometer (2010): study FI 2008 12+ aged, general public, Finland, 2008 N = 1004
Mean
= 3.300
SD
= 0.557
 Eurobarometer (2007a): study DK 2007 /1 15+ aged, general public, Denmark, 2007 N = 999
Mean
= 3.640
SD
= 0.557
 Eurobarometer (2014): study LU 2014 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 2014 N = 506
Mean
= 3.360
SD
= 0.557
 Eurobarometer (2016a): study DK 2016 15+ aged, general public, Denmark, 2016 N = 1006
Mean
= 3.632
SD
= 0.557
 Eurobarometer (1996): study DK Fyn county 1996 15+ aged general public, Fyn county, Denmark, 1996 N = 271
Mean
= 3.644
SD
= 0.559
 Eurobarometer (2021): study PL 2021 15+ Aged General Public, Poland, 2021 N = 1036
Mean
= 2.990
SD
= 0.559
 Eurobarometer (1991): study XZ Germany West 1989 15+ aged, general public, Germany-West (former), 1989 N = 1024
Mean
= 3.100
SD
= 0.559
 Eurobarometer (2002): study SE 2001 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2001 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.370
SD
= 0.560
 GESIS (2007): study FI Vaasan Rannikkoseutu 1990 18+ aged, general public, Vaasan Rannikkoseutu region, Finland, 1990-2002 N = 1005
Mean
= 3.199
SD
= 0.560
 Eurobarometer (2021): study CZ 2021 15+ Aged General Public,Czech Republlic,, 2021 N = 1100
Mean
= 3.080
SD
= 0.560
 Eurobarometer (2022): study EE 2022 15+ aged, Estonia, 2022 N = 1000
Mean
= 2.920
SD
= 0.560
 GESIS (2007): study DK Jylland Fyn 1990 18+ aged, general public, Jylland Fyn region, Denmark, 1990-2002 N = 22660
Mean
= 3.600
SD
= 0.560
 Eurobarometer (2021a): study MT 2021 15+ Aged General Public,Malta, 2021 N = 502
Mean
= 3.160
SD
= 0.561
 GESIS (2007): study GB Grampian 1990 18+ aged, general public, Grampian region, United Kingdom, 1990-2002 N = 503
Mean
= 3.239
SD
= 0.561
 Eurobarometer (2019): study FI 2019 General public, 15+ aged, Finland, 2019 N = 1004
Mean
= 3.380
SD
= 0.562
 GESIS (2007): study DE 1991 18+ aged, general public, Germany, 1991 N = 1527
Mean
= 3.023
SD
= 0.562
 GESIS (2007): study SE Oevre Norrland 1990 18+ aged, general public, Oevre Norrland region, Sweden, 1990-2002 N = 690
Mean
= 3.511
SD
= 0.562
 Eurobarometer (1997): study DK 1997 15+ aged, general public, Denmark, 1997 N = 1001
Mean
= 3.588
SD
= 0.562
 Eurobarometer (2013): study CZ 2013 15+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2013 N = 1001
Mean
= 2.940
SD
= 0.562
 Eurobarometer (2012a): study FI 2012 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2012 N = 1007
Mean
= 3.230
SD
= 0.563
 Eurobarometer (2018a): study PT 2018 General public, 15+ aged, Portugal, 2018 N = 1006
Mean
= 2.730
SD
= 0.563
 GESIS (2007): study DE East Germany 1991 /1 18+ aged, general public, East-Germany, Germany, 1991 N = 526
Mean
= 2.880
SD
= 0.564
 GESIS (2007): study SE Vaestverige 1990 18+ aged, general public, Vaestverige region, Sweden, 1990-2002 N = 2289
Mean
= 3.375
SD
= 0.564
 Eurobarometer (1996): study FI Etelä-Savo 1996 15+ aged general public, Etelä-Savo region, Finland, 1996 N = 125
Mean
= 3.267
SD
= 0.564
 Eurobarometer (2011a): study LU 2011 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 2011 N = 501
Mean
= 3.390
SD
= 0.564
 Eurobarometer (2010a): study LU 2009 12+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 2009 N = 502
Mean
= 3.390
SD
= 0.564
 Eurobarometer (1995): study SE 1995 16+ aged, general public, Sweden, 1995 N = 1017
Mean
= 3.360
SD
= 0.565
 Eurobarometer (1996): study SE Stockholm 1996 15+ aged, general public, Stockholm region, Sweden, 1996 N = 598
Mean
= 3.299
SD
= 0.565
 Eurobarometer (2005a): study FI 2005 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2005 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.273
SD
= 0.565
 GESIS (2007): study DK Bornholm county 1990 18+ aged, general public, Bornholm county region, Denmark, 1990-2002 N = 5890
Mean
= 3.605
SD
= 0.565
 Eurobarometer (1991): study LU 1990 /1 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 1990 N = 300
Mean
= 3.400
SD
= 0.566
 Eurobarometer (2014a): study SE 2014 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2014 N = 1023
Mean
= 3.400
SD
= 0.566
 Eurobarometer (1996): study SE Sydsverige 1996 15+ aged, general public, Sydsverige region, Sweden, 1996 N = 461
Mean
= 3.326
SD
= 0.566
 Eurobarometer (1996): study ES Asturias 1996 15+ aged general public, Asturias region, Spain, 1996 N = 174
Mean
= 2.906
SD
= 0.566
 Eurobarometer (2011c): study FI 2010 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2010 N = 1001
Mean
= 3.330
SD
= 0.567
 GESIS (2007): study SE Smaland med öarna 1990 18+ aged, general public, Smaland med öarna region, Sweden, 1990-2002 N = 1151
Mean
= 3.411
SD
= 0.567
 Eurobarometer (2014a): study FI 2014 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2014 N = 1002
Mean
= 3.280
SD
= 0.567
 Eurobarometer (2018): study SE 2018 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2018 N = 1005
Mean
= 3.410
SD
= 0.567
 Eurobarometer (2020): study EE 2020 15+ Aged General Public, Estonia, 2020 N = 1006
Mean
= 2.910
SD
= 0.567
 Eurobarometer (2020): study PT 2020 15+ Aged General Public, Portugal, 2020 N = 1056
Mean
= 2.240
SD
= 0.568
 GESIS (2007): study NO Nord-Trøndelag 1990 18+ aged, general public, Nord-Trøndelag region, Norway, 1990-2002 N = 282
Mean
= 3.393
SD
= 0.568
 Eurobarometer (2019a): study SE 2019 15+ aged, general public, , Sweden, 2019 N = 1023
Mean
= 3.420
SD
= 0.569
 Eurobarometer (2000b): study SE 2000 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2000 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.340
SD
= 0.570
 Eurobarometer (1991): study LU 1989 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 1989 N = 303
Mean
= 3.340
SD
= 0.570
 Eurobarometer (2012a): study SE 2012 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2012 N = 1029
Mean
= 3.430
SD
= 0.570
 Eurobarometer (2022): study DK 2022 15+ aged, Denmark, 2022 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.570
SD
= 0.570
 Eurobarometer (2011c): study IS 2010 15+ aged, general public, Iceland, 2010 N = 526
Mean
= 3.570
SD
= 0.570
 GESIS (2007): study DK Fyn county 1990 18+ aged, general public, Fyn county, Denmark, 1990-2002 N = 4398
Mean
= 3.600
SD
= 0.570
 Eurobarometer (2019): study BE 2019 15+ aged, general public, Belgium, 2019 N = 1057
Mean
= 3.120
SD
= 0.571
 Eurobarometer (2021a): study FI 2021 15+ Aged General Public,Finland, 2021 N = 1001
Mean
= 3.120
SD
= 0.571
 Eurobarometer (2012a): study LU 2012 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 2012 N = 502
Mean
= 3.290
SD
= 0.571
 Eurobarometer (2016a): study MT 2016 15+ aged, general public, Malta, 2016 N = 515
Mean
= 3.224
SD
= 0.571
 Eurobarometer (2014a): study PL 2014 15+ aged, general public, Poland, 2014 N = 1033
Mean
= 3.000
SD
= 0.571
 Eurobarometer (2015a): study MT 2015 15+ aged, general public, Malta, 2015 N = 503
Mean
= 3.250
SD
= 0.572
 Eurobarometer (1991): study DE West Germany 1990 /1 15+ aged, general public, West-Germany region, Germany, 1990 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.150
SD
= 0.572
 Eurobarometer (1996): study SE Mellersta Norrland 1996 15+ aged, general public, Mellersta Norrland region, Sweden, 1996 N = 148
Mean
= 3.263
SD
= 0.572
 Eurobarometer (2010): study CZ 2008 12+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2008 N = 1026
Mean
= 2.929
SD
= 0.573
 GESIS (2007): study NO Sogn og Fjordane 1990 18+ aged, general public, Sogn og Fjordane region, Norway, 1990-2002 N = 237
Mean
= 3.233
SD
= 0.574
 Eurobarometer (2017): study NL 2017 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2017 N = 1034
Mean
= 3.480
SD
= 0.574
 Eurobarometer (2014a): study IS 2014 15+ aged, general public, Iceland, 2014 N = 500
Mean
= 3.520
SD
= 0.574
 Eurobarometer (2019a): study NL 2019 15+ aged, general public, , Netherlands, 2019 N = 1006
Mean
= 3.510
SD
= 0.574
 Eurobarometer (2014a): study NL 2014 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2014 N = 1016
Mean
= 3.490
SD
= 0.574
 Eurobarometer (2016b): study FI 2016 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2016 N = 1008
Mean
= 3.346
SD
= 0.575
 GESIS (2007): study FI Paijat Häme 1990 18+ aged, general public, Paijat Häme region, Finland, 1990-2002 N = 1323
Mean
= 3.158
SD
= 0.575
 Eurobarometer (2016b): study CZ 2016 15+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2016 N = 1044
Mean
= 3.031
SD
= 0.575
 Eurobarometer (1996): study AT Salzburg 1996 15+ aged general public, Salzburg region, Austria, 1996 N = 186
Mean
= 3.287
SD
= 0.576
 Eurobarometer (2007a): study FI 2007 /1 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2007 N = 1033
Mean
= 3.260
SD
= 0.577
 Eurobarometer (2001): study DE West Germany 2001 15+ aged, general public, West-Germany region, Germany, 2001 N = 1035
Mean
= 3.030
SD
= 0.577
 Eurobarometer (2017a): study IE 2017 15+ aged, general public, Ireland, 2017 N = 1009
Mean
= 3.425
SD
= 0.577
 GESIS (2007): study DK Sjaelland, Lolland-Falster 1990 18+ aged, general public, Sjaelland, Lolland-Falster region, Denmark, 1990-2002 N = 16083
Mean
= 3.593
SD
= 0.577
 Eurobarometer (1996): study LU Diekrich (North) 1996 15+ aged, general public, Diekrich (North) region, Luxembourg, 1996 N = 169
Mean
= 3.352
SD
= 0.577
 Eurobarometer (1998): study DK 1998 16+ aged, general public, Denmark, 1998 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.630
SD
= 0.577
 Eurobarometer (1975a): study DK 1975 15+ aged, general public, Denmark, 1975 N = 1039
Mean
= 3.490
SD
= 0.577
 Eurobarometer (2005): study DK 2005 15+ aged, general public, Denmark, 2005 N = 0
Mean
= 3.624
SD
= 0.578
 Eurobarometer (2011c): study NL 1999 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1999 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.410
SD
= 0.578
 Eurobarometer (2022): study FI 2022 15+ aged, Finland, 2022 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.190
SD
= 0.578
 Eurobarometer (2016a): study NL 2016 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2016 N = 1008
Mean
= 3.509
SD
= 0.578
 Eurobarometer (2021a): study CZ 2021 15+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2021 N = 1087
Mean
= 3.160
SD
= 0.578
 Eurobarometer (2018): study MT 2018 15+ aged, general public, Malta, 2018 N = 501
Mean
= 3.160
SD
= 0.578
 Eurobarometer (2019): study PL 2019 General public, 15+ aged, Poland, 2019 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.072
SD
= 0.579
 Eurobarometer (1996): study FI Etelä-Karjala 1996 15+ aged general public, Etelä-Karjala region, Finland, 1996 N = 96
Mean
= 3.177
SD
= 0.579
 Eurobarometer (2017): study CZ 2017 15+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2017 N = 1021
Mean
= 3.060
SD
= 0.580
 GESIS (2007): study DE Bremen 1990 18+ aged, general public, Bremen region, Germany, 1990 N = 739
Mean
= 2.972
SD
= 0.580
 Eurobarometer (2018): study PT 2018 15+ aged, general public, Portugal, 2018 N = 1087
Mean
= 2.770
SD
= 0.581
 Eurobarometer (2017a): study BE 2017 15+ aged, general public, Belgium, 2017 N = 1025
Mean
= 3.192
SD
= 0.581
 Eurobarometer (2017): study PL 2017 15+ aged, general public, Poland, 2017 N = 1014
Mean
= 3.052
SD
= 0.581
 Eurobarometer (2017): study LU 2017 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 2017 N = 507
Mean
= 3.320
SD
= 0.581
 Eurobarometer (2016b): study NL 2016 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2016 N = 1022
Mean
= 3.481
SD
= 0.581
 Eurobarometer (1996): study IT Friuli, VeneziaGiulia 1996 15+ aged, general public, Friuli, VeneziaGiulia region, Italy, 1996 N = 143
Mean
= 2.922
SD
= 0.581
 Eurobarometer (1996): study DE Unterfranken 1996 15+ aged general public, Unterfranken region,Germany, 1996 N = 125
Mean
= 3.174
SD
= 0.582
 Eurobarometer (2009): study NL 2009 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2009 N = 1044
Mean
= 3.460
SD
= 0.582
 Eurobarometer (1996): study GR Nisia Anatolikou Aigaiou (Argean Islands) 1996 15+ aged general public, Nisia Anatolikou Aigaiou (Argean Islands) region, Greece, 1996 N = 129
Mean
= 2.604
SD
= 0.582
 GESIS (2007): study SE Stockholm ( E) 1990 18+ aged, general public, Stockholm region, Sweden, 1990-2002 N = 3598
Mean
= 3.339
SD
= 0.583
 Eurobarometer (1996): study SE Smaland Med oearna 1996 15+ aged, general public, Smaland Med oearna region, Sweden, 1996 N = 287
Mean
= 3.261
SD
= 0.583
 Eurobarometer (1991b): study DE West Germany 1994 /1 15+ aged, general public, West-Germany region, Germany, 1994 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.060
SD
= 0.583
 Eurobarometer (2017a): study NL 2017 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2017 N = 1008
Mean
= 3.493
SD
= 0.583
 Eurobarometer (1996): study IT Lombardia 1996 15+ aged general public, Lombardia region, Italy, 1996 N = 554
Mean
= 2.981
SD
= 0.583
 Eurobarometer (2007a): study DK 2007 15+ aged, general public, Denmark, 2007 N = 1002
Mean
= 3.600
SD
= 0.583
 Eurobarometer (2006a): study DK 2006 15+ aged, general public, Denmark, 2006 N = 1003
Mean
= 3.600
SD
= 0.583
 Eurobarometer (2004a): study DK 2004 15+ aged, general public, Denmark, 2004 N = 1028
Mean
= 3.600
SD
= 0.583
 Eurobarometer (2017a): study CZ 2017 15+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2017 N = 1012
Mean
= 3.030
SD
= 0.583
 Eurobarometer (2006a): study EE 2006 15+ aged, general public, Estonia, 2006 N = 1000
Mean
= 2.860
SD
= 0.583
 Eurobarometer (1996): study DE Nord Wurttemberg Stutgart 1996 15+aged general public, Nord Wurttemberg Stutgart region, Germany, 1996 N = 372
Mean
= 2.980
SD
= 0.584
 Eurobarometer (2007): study NL 2007 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2007 N = 1009
Mean
= 3.464
SD
= 0.584
 Eurobarometer (2016b): study SE 2016 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2016 N = 987
Mean
= 3.468
SD
= 0.584
 Eurobarometer (2009): study FI 2009 12+ aged, general public, Finland, 2009 N = 1012
Mean
= 3.330
SD
= 0.584
 Eurobarometer (2021): study MT 2021 15+ Aged General Public, Malta, 2021 N = 535
Mean
= 3.111
SD
= 0.584
 Eurobarometer (2005): study FI 2005 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2005 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.280
SD
= 0.584
 Eurobarometer (1986): study XZ Germany West 1984 /1 15+ aged, general public, Germany-West (former), 1984 N = 1053
Mean
= 2.960
SD
= 0.585
 Eurobarometer (2022): study GR 2022 /1 15+ aged, Hungary, 2022 N = 1000
Mean
= 2.910
SD
= 0.585
 Eurobarometer (2022): study CZ 2022 15+ aged, Czech Republik, 2022 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.090
SD
= 0.585
 Eurobarometer (2011): study FI 2010 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2010 N = 1005
Mean
= 3.240
SD
= 0.585
 GESIS (2007): study SE Götaland 1990 18+ aged, general public, Götaland region, Sweden, 1990-2002 N = 6116
Mean
= 3.372
SD
= 0.585
 GESIS (2007): study DE Tübingen 1990 18+ aged, general public, Tübingen region, Germany, 1990 N = 1081
Mean
= 3.062
SD
= 0.586
 Eurobarometer (2001): study DK 2001 15+ aged, general public, Denmark, 2001 N = 1002
Mean
= 3.580
SD
= 0.586
 Eurobarometer (2016a): study FI 2016 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2016 N = 1030
Mean
= 3.272
SD
= 0.586
 Eurobarometer (2016a): study CZ 2016 15+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2016 N = 1004
Mean
= 2.989
SD
= 0.586
 Eurobarometer (1996): study ES Galicia 1996 15+ aged general public, Galicia region, Spain, 1996 N = 442
Mean
= 2.940
SD
= 0.587
 Eurobarometer (1996): study NL Drente 1996 15+ aged, general public, Drente region, Netherlands, 1996 N = 106
Mean
= 3.437
SD
= 0.587
 Eurobarometer (1986): study LU 1980 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 1980 N = 306
Mean
= 3.280
SD
= 0.587
 Eurobarometer (2017): study IE 2017 15+ aged, general public, Ireland, 2017 N = 1001
Mean
= 3.340
SD
= 0.587
 Eurobarometer (2011c): study LU 2010 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 2010 N = 505
Mean
= 3.340
SD
= 0.587
 Eurobarometer (2016b): study MT 2016 15+ aged, general public, Malta, 2016 N = 510
Mean
= 3.256
SD
= 0.587
 Eurobarometer (2008): study NL 2008 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2008 N = 1041
Mean
= 3.474
SD
= 0.587
 Eurobarometer (2016a): study BE 2016 15+ aged, general public, Belgium, 2016 N = 1022
Mean
= 3.192
SD
= 0.587
 Eurobarometer (2021a): study NL 2021 15+ Aged General Public,Netherlands, 2021 N = 1033
Mean
= 3.430
SD
= 0.587
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 1979 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1979 N = 1023
Mean
= 3.407
SD
= 0.588
 Eurobarometer (1996): study GB Schropshire,Staffordshire 1996 15+ aged, general public, Schropshire,Staffordshire region, United Kingdom, 1996 N = 151
Mean
= 3.105
SD
= 0.588
 Eurobarometer (2015a): study LU 2015 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 2015 N = 506
Mean
= 3.290
SD
= 0.588
 GESIS (2007): study FI Itä-Suomi Etelä-Savo-Södra Savolax 1990 18+ aged, general public, Itä-Suomi Etelä-Savo-Södra Savolax region, Finland, 1990-2002 N = 1130
Mean
= 3.173
SD
= 0.588
 Eurobarometer (2010): study SE 2008 12+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2008 N = 1002
Mean
= 3.440
SD
= 0.589
 GESIS (2007): study DE Saarland 1990 18+ aged, general public, Saarland region, Germany, 1990-2002 N = 840
Mean
= 3.015
SD
= 0.589
 Eurobarometer (2008): study SE 2008 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2008 N = 1007
Mean
= 3.450
SD
= 0.589
 Eurobarometer (2009): study LU 2009 12+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 2009 N = 530
Mean
= 3.350
SD
= 0.589
 Eurobarometer (2011a): study IS 2011 15+ aged, general public, Iceland, 2011 N = 500
Mean
= 3.550
SD
= 0.589
 Eurobarometer (2018a): study DK 2018 General public, 15+ aged, Denmark, 2018 N = 1020
Mean
= 3.650
SD
= 0.589
 Eurobarometer (2020): study BE 2020 15+ Aged General Public, Belgium, 2020 N = 1008
Mean
= 3.180
SD
= 0.590
 GESIS (2007): study NO Buskerud 1990 18+ aged, general public, Buskerud region, Norway, 1990-2002 N = 638
Mean
= 3.413
SD
= 0.590
 Eurobarometer (2014): study NL 2014 /1 15+ aged, general public, The Netherlands 2014 N = 1016
Mean
= 3.460
SD
= 0.590
 Eurobarometer (1996): study IE Midlands (Westmeath / Roscommon / Longford / Laois / Offaly) 1996 15+ aged, general public, Midlands (Westmeath / Roscommon / Longford / Laois/Offaly) region, Ireland, 1996 N = 187
Mean
= 3.221
SD
= 0.590
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 1999 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1999 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.317
SD
= 0.590
 Eurobarometer (2007a): study AT 2007 /1 15+ aged, general public, Austria, 2007 N = 1015
Mean
= 3.071
SD
= 0.590
 Eurobarometer (1996): study SE 1996 16+ aged, general public, Sweden, 1996 N = 3169
Mean
= 3.293
SD
= 0.590
 Eurobarometer (2000a): study SE 2000 16+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2000 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.293
SD
= 0.590
 Eurobarometer (1996): study FI Vaasan Rannikkoseutu 1996 15+ aged general public, Vaasan Rannikkoseutu region, Finland, 1996 N = 119
Mean
= 3.237
SD
= 0.590
 Eurobarometer (1996): study FR Alsace 1996 15+ aged general public, Alsace region, France, 1996 N = 182
Mean
= 2.946
SD
= 0.591
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study XZ Germany West 1975 15+ aged, general public, Germany-West (former), 1975 N = 1039
Mean
= 2.909
SD
= 0.591
 Eurobarometer (1999): study SE 1999 16+ aged, general public, Sweden, 1999 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.300
SD
= 0.592
 Eurobarometer (1996): study FI Pirkanmaa 1996 15+ aged general public, Pirkanmaa region, Finland, 1996 N = 279
Mean
= 3.140
SD
= 0.592
 Eurobarometer (2019a): study LU 2019 15+ aged, general public, , Luxembourg, 2019 N = 510
Mean
= 3.360
SD
= 0.592
 Eurobarometer (1999): study FI 1999 16+ aged, general public, Finland, 1999 N = 1015
Mean
= 3.152
SD
= 0.592
 GESIS (2007): study NO Rogaland 1990 18+ aged, general public, Rogaland region, Norway, 1990-2002 N = 654
Mean
= 3.398
SD
= 0.592
 Eurobarometer (2005): study AT 2005 15+ aged, general public, Austria, 2005 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.051
SD
= 0.592
 Eurobarometer (2016a): study SE 2016 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2016 N = 1029
Mean
= 3.382
SD
= 0.593
 Eurobarometer (1996): study SE Norra Mellansverige 1996 15+ aged, general public, Norra Mellansverige region, Sweden, 1996 N = 318
Mean
= 3.332
SD
= 0.593
 Eurobarometer (1991): study LU 1987 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 1987 N = 287
Mean
= 3.360
SD
= 0.593
 Eurobarometer (1996): study SE Oestra Mellansverige 1996 15+ aged, general public, Oestra Mellansverige region, Sweden, 1996 N = 537
Mean
= 3.267
SD
= 0.593
 Eurobarometer (2012): study FI 2012 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2012 N = 1001
Mean
= 3.260
SD
= 0.594
 Eurobarometer (2021a): study DE 2021 15+ Aged General Public, Germany, 2021 N = 1535
Mean
= 3.260
SD
= 0.594
 Eurobarometer (2013a): study FI 2013 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2013 N = 1002
Mean
= 3.260
SD
= 0.594
 Eurobarometer (2006): study FI 2006 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2006 N = 1006
Mean
= 3.260
SD
= 0.594
 Eurobarometer (1991a): study LU 1992 /1 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 1992 N = 500
Mean
= 3.360
SD
= 0.594
 Eurobarometer (1996): study GB Cleveland, Durham 1996 15+ aged, general public, Cleveland,Durham region, United Kingdom, 1996 N = 119
Mean
= 3.298
SD
= 0.594
 Eurobarometer (2006): study ES 2006 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 2006 N = 1005
Mean
= 3.101
SD
= 0.595
 Eurobarometer (2017a): study LU 2017 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 2017 N = 512
Mean
= 3.348
SD
= 0.595
 Eurobarometer (2007a): study ES 2007 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.080
SD
= 0.595
 GESIS (2007): study XZ Germany West 1991 18+ aged, general public, Germany-West (former), 1991 N = 1527
Mean
= 3.002
SD
= 0.595
 Eurobarometer (2004a): study SE 2004 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2004 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.382
SD
= 0.595
 Eurobarometer (2019a): study FI 2019 15+ aged, general public, , Finland, 2019 N = 1001
Mean
= 3.310
SD
= 0.595
 GESIS (2007): study NO Telemark 1990 18+ aged, general public, Telemark region, Norway, 1990-2002 N = 448
Mean
= 3.436
SD
= 0.595
 Eurobarometer (1996): study BE Antwerpen 1996 15+ aged, general public, Antwerpen region, Belgium, 1996 N = 516
Mean
= 3.248
SD
= 0.595
 Eurobarometer (2011): study NL 2010 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2010 N = 1040
Mean
= 3.478
SD
= 0.596
 Eurobarometer (1986): study LU 1979 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 1979 N = 299
Mean
= 3.260
SD
= 0.596
 Eurobarometer (1996): study NL Gelderland 1996 15+ aged, general public, Gelderland region, Netherlands, 1996 N = 432
Mean
= 3.446
SD
= 0.596
 Eurobarometer (2007a): study SE 2007 /1 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2007 N = 1003
Mean
= 3.380
SD
= 0.596
 Eurobarometer (2011): study SE 2010 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2010 N = 1020
Mean
= 3.380
SD
= 0.596
 Eurobarometer (2017a): study FI 2017 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2017 N = 1012
Mean
= 3.380
SD
= 0.596
 Eurobarometer (1997): study SE 1997 16+ aged, general public, Sweden, 1997 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.380
SD
= 0.596
 Eurobarometer (2017a): study PT 2017 15+ aged, general public, Portugal, 2017 N = 1089
Mean
= 2.750
SD
= 0.596
 Eurobarometer (1996): study FR Bretagne 1996 15+ aged general public, Bretagne region, France, 1996 N = 315
Mean
= 2.916
SD
= 0.597
 Eurobarometer (2011a): study AT 2011 15+ aged, general public, Austria, 2011 N = 1018
Mean
= 3.060
SD
= 0.597
 Eurobarometer (2005): study CZ 2005 15+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2005 N = 0
Mean
= 2.940
SD
= 0.597
 Eurobarometer (2003a): study FI 2003 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2003 N = 1018
Mean
= 3.139
SD
= 0.598
 Eurobarometer (2000b): study DE West Germany 2000 15+ aged, general public, West-Germany region, Germany, 2000 N = 1013
Mean
= 3.010
SD
= 0.598
 Eurobarometer (2019a): study PL 2019 15+ aged, general public, , Poland, 2019 N = 1008
Mean
= 3.010
SD
= 0.598
 Eurobarometer (2014): study BE 2014 15+ aged, general public, Belgium, 2014 N = 1012
Mean
= 3.230
SD
= 0.598
 Eurobarometer (2013): study FI 2013 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2013 N = 956
Mean
= 3.270
SD
= 0.598
 Eurobarometer (2006): study CZ 2006 15+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2006 N = 1068
Mean
= 2.919
SD
= 0.598
 Eurobarometer (2018a): study FI 2018 General public, 15+ aged, Finland, 2018 N = 997
Mean
= 3.320
SD
= 0.598
 Eurobarometer (2006): study DK 2006 15+ aged, general public, Denmark, 2006 N = 1008
Mean
= 3.610
SD
= 0.598
 Eurobarometer (2022): study CH 2022 15+ aged, Switzerland, 2022 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.390
SD
= 0.598
 GESIS (2007): study FI Itä-Suomi Pohjois-Karjala- Norra Karelen 1990 18+ aged, general public, Itä-Suomi Pohjois-Karjala- Norra Karelen region, Finland, 1990-2002 N = 1218
Mean
= 3.041
SD
= 0.598
 Eurobarometer (2016a): study IE 2016 15+ aged, general public, Ireland, 2016 N = 1006
Mean
= 3.401
SD
= 0.598
 Eurobarometer (2000a): study DK 2000 16+ aged, general public, Denmark, 2000 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.535
SD
= 0.599
 Eurobarometer (1996): study NL Groningen 1996 15+ aged, general public, Groningen region, Netherlands, 1996 N = 134
Mean
= 3.280
SD
= 0.599
 Eurobarometer (1996): study DE Oberpfalz 1996 15+ aged general public, Oberpfalz, Germany, 1996 N = 100
Mean
= 2.916
SD
= 0.599
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 1989 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1989 N = 1025
Mean
= 3.432
SD
= 0.599
 Eurobarometer (1996): study ES Pais Vasco 1996 15+ aged general public, Pais Vasco region, Spain, 1996 N = 336
Mean
= 2.969
SD
= 0.600
 Eurobarometer (1996): study DE Braunschweig 1996 15+ aged general public, Braunschweig region, Germany, 1996 N = 166
Mean
= 3.029
SD
= 0.600
 GESIS (2007): study FI Pirkanmaa Birkaland 1990 18+ aged, general public, Pirkanmaa Birkaland region, Finland, 1990-2002 N = 2846
Mean
= 3.079
SD
= 0.600
 Eurobarometer (2022): study PL 2022 15+ aged, Poland, 2022 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.020
SD
= 0.600
 Eurobarometer (2007a): study CZ 2007 15+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2007 N = 1043
Mean
= 2.939
SD
= 0.600
 Eurobarometer (2006a): study CZ 2006 15+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2006 N = 1091
Mean
= 2.939
SD
= 0.600
 Eurobarometer (1991b): study DE West Germany 1994 15+ aged, general public, West-Germany region, Germany, 1994 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.060
SD
= 0.600
 Eurobarometer (2008): study DK 2008 15+ aged, general public, Denmark, 2008 N = 1005
Mean
= 3.600
SD
= 0.600
 Eurobarometer (2017a): study PL 2017 15+ aged, general public, Poland, 2017 N = 1042
Mean
= 3.036
SD
= 0.600
 Eurobarometer (2005a): study NL 2005 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2005 N = 1041
Mean
= 3.415
SD
= 0.600
 Eurobarometer (1996): study IT Veneto 1996 15+ aged, general public, Veneto region, Italy, 1996 N = 483
Mean
= 2.910
SD
= 0.600
 GESIS (2007): study DE Detmold 1990 18+ aged, general public, Detmold region, Germany, 1990 N = 1348
Mean
= 3.113
SD
= 0.600
 Eurobarometer (2006a): study ES 2006 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 2006 N = 1003
Mean
= 3.140
SD
= 0.600
 GESIS (2007): study IT Lombardia 1990 18+ aged, general public, Lombardia region, Italy, 1990-2002 N = 4435
Mean
= 2.992
SD
= 0.600
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 1982 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1982 N = 1028
Mean
= 3.400
SD
= 0.600
 GESIS (2007): study DE Weser-EMS 1990 18+ aged, general public, Weser-EMS region, Germany, 1990-2002 N = 1770
Mean
= 3.098
SD
= 0.601
 Eurobarometer (2005): study NL 2005 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2005 N = 1006
Mean
= 3.418
SD
= 0.601
 Eurobarometer (1996): study LU LU South 1996 15+ aged, general public, LU South region, Luxembourg, 1996 N = 407
Mean
= 3.320
SD
= 0.601
 Eurobarometer (2020): study CZ 2020 15+ Aged General Public, Czechia, 2020 N = 1009
Mean
= 3.170
SD
= 0.601
 Eurobarometer (2014): study FI 2014 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2014 N = 1012
Mean
= 3.330
SD
= 0.601
 Eurobarometer (2007a): study EE 2007 /1 15+ aged, general public, Estonia, 2007 N = 1012
Mean
= 2.830
SD
= 0.601
 Eurobarometer (2022): study LU 2022 15+ aged, Luxemburg, 2022 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.170
SD
= 0.601
 Eurobarometer (2022): study SE 2022 15+ aged, Sweden, 2022 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.330
SD
= 0.601
 Eurobarometer (2020): study FI 2020 15+ Aged General Public, Finland, 2020 N = 1028
Mean
= 3.170
SD
= 0.601
 Eurobarometer (2007a): study NL 2007 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2007 N = 1005
Mean
= 3.470
SD
= 0.601
 Eurobarometer (2011b): study FI 2011 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2011 N = 1002
Mean
= 3.280
SD
= 0.601
 Eurobarometer (2007a): study FI 2007 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2007 N = 1038
Mean
= 3.280
SD
= 0.601
 Eurobarometer (2002a): study DK 2002 15+ aged, general public, Denmark, 2002 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.584
SD
= 0.601
 Eurobarometer (2005a): study DK 2005 15+ aged, general public, Denmark, 2005 N = 0
Mean
= 3.584
SD
= 0.601
 Eurobarometer (2010): study DK 2008 15+ aged, general public, Denmark, 2008 N = 1029
Mean
= 3.590
SD
= 0.602
 Eurobarometer (2002): study DK 2001 15+ aged, general public, Denmark, 2001 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.590
SD
= 0.602
 Eurobarometer (2010a): study SE 2009 12+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2009 N = 1032
Mean
= 3.410
SD
= 0.602
 Eurobarometer (2010a): study FI 2009 12+ aged, general public, Finland, 2009 N = 1032
Mean
= 3.410
SD
= 0.602
 Eurobarometer (1996): study DE Schwaben 1996 15+ aged general public, Schwaben region, Germany, 1996 N = 164
Mean
= 3.129
SD
= 0.602
 Eurobarometer (1996): study PT Madeira 1996 15+ aged, general public, Madeira region, Portugal, 1996 N = 83
Mean
= 2.975
SD
= 0.602
 Eurobarometer (2017): study DE 2017 15+ aged, general public, Germany, 2017 N = 1565
Mean
= 3.240
SD
= 0.602
 Eurobarometer (2013a): study BE 2013 15+ aged, general public, Belgium, 2013 N = 1063
Mean
= 3.240
SD
= 0.602
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 1980 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1980 N = 981
Mean
= 3.411
SD
= 0.602
 Eurobarometer (2010a): study NL 2009 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2009 N = 1004
Mean
= 3.451
SD
= 0.602
 Eurobarometer (2011d): study NL 2011 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2011 N = 1004
Mean
= 3.451
SD
= 0.602
 Eurobarometer (1986): study XZ Germany West 1983 /1 15+ aged, general public, Germany-West (former), 1983 N = 1058
Mean
= 2.930
SD
= 0.602
 Eurobarometer (2002b): study LU 2002 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 2002 N = 600
Mean
= 3.287
SD
= 0.603
 Eurobarometer (2007a): study AT 2007 15+ aged, general public, Austria, 2007 N = 1011
Mean
= 3.020
SD
= 0.603
 Eurobarometer (2005): study ES 2005 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 2005 N = 0
Mean
= 3.020
SD
= 0.603
 Eurobarometer (1986): study XZ Germany West 1978 /1 15+ aged, general public, Germany-West (former), 1978 N = 1006
Mean
= 3.060
SD
= 0.603
 Eurobarometer (1999): study DK 1999 16+ aged, general public, Denmark, 1999 N = 1001
Mean
= 3.580
SD
= 0.603
 Eurobarometer (2006a): study AT 2006 15+ aged, general public, Austria, 2006 N = 1016
Mean
= 3.000
SD
= 0.603
 Eurobarometer (1991b): study LU 1994 /1 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 1994 N = 500
Mean
= 3.330
SD
= 0.603
 Eurobarometer (2015): study LU 2015 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 2015 N = 504
Mean
= 3.340
SD
= 0.604
 Eurobarometer (2011): study LU 2010 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 2010 N = 513
Mean
= 3.340
SD
= 0.604
 Eurobarometer (2004a): study SI 2004 15+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 2004 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.172
SD
= 0.604
 Eurobarometer (1991): study XZ Germany West 1989 /2 15+ aged, general public, Germany-West (former), 1989 N = 2000
Mean
= 3.170
SD
= 0.604
 GESIS (2007): study DE Arnsberg 1990 18+ aged, general public, Arnsberg region, Germany, 1990 N = 3093
Mean
= 3.035
SD
= 0.604
 Eurobarometer (2019a): study AL 2019 15+ aged, general public, Albania, 2019 N = 1046
Mean
= 2.570
SD
= 0.604
 Eurobarometer (2017): study SE 2017 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2017 N = 1002
Mean
= 3.430
SD
= 0.604
 Eurobarometer (2010a): study CZ 2009 12+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2009 N = 1056
Mean
= 2.930
SD
= 0.604
 Eurobarometer (2008): study CZ 2008 15+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2008 N = 1014
Mean
= 2.930
SD
= 0.604
 Eurobarometer (2015): study SE 2015 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2015 N = 1037
Mean
= 3.430
SD
= 0.604
 Eurobarometer (2018a): study SE 2018 General public, 15+ aged, Sweden, 2018 N = 1015
Mean
= 3.430
SD
= 0.604
 Eurobarometer (2009): study SE 2009 12+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2009 N = 1068
Mean
= 3.430
SD
= 0.604
 GESIS (2007): study NL Zeeland 1990 18+ aged, general public, Zeeland region, Netherlands, 1990-2002 N = 1489
Mean
= 3.402
SD
= 0.604
 GESIS (2007): study FI Keski-Suomi 1990 18+ aged, general public, Keski-Suomi region, Finland, 1990-2002 N = 1757
Mean
= 3.123
SD
= 0.605
 Eurobarometer (2015): study EE 2015 15+ aged, general public, Estonia, 2015 N = 1001
Mean
= 2.880
SD
= 0.605
 Eurobarometer (2018a): study BE 2018 General public, 15+ aged, Belgium, 2018 N = 1072
Mean
= 3.120
SD
= 0.605
 Eurobarometer (2016a): study PL 2016 15+ aged, general public, Poland, 2016 N = 1019
Mean
= 3.025
SD
= 0.605
 Eurobarometer (2015): study FI 2015 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2015 N = 1013
Mean
= 3.290
SD
= 0.605
 Eurobarometer (2006a): study FI 2006 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2006 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.290
SD
= 0.605
 Eurobarometer (2019): study SI 2019 General public, 15+ aged, Slovenia, 2019 N = 1011
Mean
= 3.210
SD
= 0.605
 Eurobarometer (2009): study NL 2009 /1 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2009 N = 1079
Mean
= 3.459
SD
= 0.605
 Eurobarometer (2015a): study SE 2015 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2015 N = 1018
Mean
= 3.440
SD
= 0.605
 Eurobarometer (2003a): study DK 2003 15+ aged, general public, Denmark, 2003 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.560
SD
= 0.605
 GESIS (2007): study SE Stockholm 1990 18+ aged, general public, Stockholm region, Sweden, 1990-2002 N = 5646
Mean
= 3.322
SD
= 0.606
 Eurobarometer (1986): study XZ Germany West 1980 15+ aged, general public, Germany-West (former), 1980 N = 1009
Mean
= 3.020
SD
= 0.606
 Eurobarometer (2019a): study CZ 2019 15+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2019 - 2019 N = 1013
Mean
= 3.150
SD
= 0.606
 Eurobarometer (2001): study SE 2001 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2001 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.350
SD
= 0.606
 Eurobarometer (2013a): study LU 2013 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 2013 N = 508
Mean
= 3.250
SD
= 0.606
 Eurobarometer (2018): study SI 2018 15+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 2018 N = 1019
Mean
= 3.150
SD
= 0.606
 Eurobarometer (2019a): study DE 2019 15+ aged, general public, , Germany, 2019 N = 1540
Mean
= 3.250
SD
= 0.606
 Eurobarometer (2017): study BE 2017 15+ aged, general public, Belgium, 2017 N = 1005
Mean
= 3.180
SD
= 0.606
 Eurobarometer (1991a): study DE West Germany 1991 15+ aged, general public, West-Germany region, Germany, 1991 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.180
SD
= 0.606
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 1991 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1991 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.454
SD
= 0.607
 GESIS (2007): study ES La Rioja 1990 18+ aged, general public, La RiojaSpain, 1990-2002 N = 347
Mean
= 3.164
SD
= 0.607
 Eurobarometer (2011c): study SE 2010 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2010 N = 1050
Mean
= 3.460
SD
= 0.607
 Eurobarometer (1996): study GB Cornwall UA 1996 15+ aged, general public, Cornwall,Devon region, United Kingdom, 1996 N = 160
Mean
= 3.280
SD
= 0.607
 Eurobarometer (2003a): study SE 2003 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2003 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.293
SD
= 0.607
 GESIS (2007): study SE SE North West 1990 18+ aged, general public, Sweden North West region, Sweden, 1990-2002 N = 2357
Mean
= 3.315
SD
= 0.607
 Eurobarometer (2008): study ES 2008 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 2008 N = 1033
Mean
= 3.030
SD
= 0.608
 GESIS (2007): study FI Uusimaa (region around Helsinki) 1990 18+ aged, general public, Uusimaa (region around Helsinki) region, Finland, 1990-2002 N = 8275
Mean
= 3.204
SD
= 0.608
 Eurobarometer (1991a): study LU 1991 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 1991 N = 500
Mean
= 3.460
SD
= 0.608
 Eurobarometer (2019a): study IE 2019 15+ aged, general public, , Ireland, 2019 N = 1013
Mean
= 3.300
SD
= 0.608
 Eurobarometer (2008): study FI 2008 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2008 N = 1004
Mean
= 3.300
SD
= 0.608
 Eurobarometer (2021a): study ES 2021 15+ Aged General Public, Spain, 2021 N = 1006
Mean
= 3.100
SD
= 0.608
 Eurobarometer (2005): study SI 2005 15+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 2005 N = 0
Mean
= 3.100
SD
= 0.608
 Eurobarometer (2004a): study FI 2004 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2004 N = 1005
Mean
= 3.300
SD
= 0.608
 Eurobarometer (1991a): study LU 1992 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 1992 N = 500
Mean
= 3.360
SD
= 0.609
 GESIS (2007): study NL Drente 1990 18+ aged, general public, Drente region, Netherlands, 1990-2002 N = 1892
Mean
= 3.383
SD
= 0.609
 Eurobarometer (2016a): study DE 2016 15+ aged, general public, Germany, 2016 N = 1531
Mean
= 3.207
SD
= 0.609
 GESIS (2007): study FI 1990 18+ aged, general public, Finland, 1990 N = 2245
Mean
= 3.134
SD
= 0.609
 Eurobarometer (1996): study BE 1996 /1 16+ aged, general public, Belgium, 1996 N = 1035
Mean
= 3.144
SD
= 0.609
 Eurobarometer (2013a): study PL 2013 15+ aged, general public, Poland, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 2.856
SD
= 0.609
 GESIS (2007): study NO Akerhus 1990 18+ aged, general public, Akerhus region, Norway, 1990-2002 N = 843
Mean
= 3.454
SD
= 0.609
 GESIS (2007): study NL Gelderland 1990 18+ aged, general public, Gelderland region, Netherlands, 1990-2002 N = 5913
Mean
= 3.451
SD
= 0.609
 Eurobarometer (2017): study SI 2017 15+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 2017 N = 1009
Mean
= 3.220
SD
= 0.610
 Eurobarometer (1991): study LU 1988 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 1988 N = 300
Mean
= 3.300
SD
= 0.610
 Eurobarometer (2019a): study PT 2019 15+ aged, general public, , Portugal, 2019 N = 1003
Mean
= 2.740
SD
= 0.610
 Eurobarometer (1996): study FI Etelä-Pohjanmaa 1996 15+ aged general public, Etelä-Pohjanmaa region, Finland 1996 N = 123
Mean
= 3.143
SD
= 0.610
 Eurobarometer (2002a): study SE 2002 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2002 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.303
SD
= 0.611
 Eurobarometer (2002): study LU 2001 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 2001 N = 604
Mean
= 3.303
SD
= 0.611
 Eurobarometer (2002a): study DE West Germany 2002 15+ aged, general public, West-Germany region, Germany, 2002 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.030
SD
= 0.611
 Eurobarometer (1991): study XZ Germany West 1987 /1 15+ aged, general public, Germany-West (former), 1987 N = 957
Mean
= 2.970
SD
= 0.611
 Eurobarometer (1991b): study LU 1993 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 1993 N = 500
Mean
= 3.300
SD
= 0.611
 Eurobarometer (1991): study LU 1989 /2 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 1989 N = 600
Mean
= 3.300
SD
= 0.611
 Eurobarometer (1991b): study LU 1994 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 1994 N = 500
Mean
= 3.370
SD
= 0.611
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 1986 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1986 N = 1001
Mean
= 3.346
SD
= 0.611
 Eurobarometer (2020): study PL 2020 15+ Aged General Public, Poland, 2020 N = 1031
Mean
= 3.080
SD
= 0.611
 Eurobarometer (2007a): study ES 2007 /1 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.080
SD
= 0.611
 Eurobarometer (1991): study DE 1990 15+ aged, general public, Germany, 1990 N = 2000
Mean
= 3.080
SD
= 0.611
 Eurobarometer (2002a): study ES 2002 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 2002 N = 1000
Mean
= 2.990
SD
= 0.611
 Eurobarometer (1991b): study DE 1994 /1 15+ aged, general public, Germany, 1994 N = 2000
Mean
= 3.010
SD
= 0.611
 Eurobarometer (2015): study DE 2015 15+ aged, general public, Germany, 2015 N = 1554
Mean
= 3.190
SD
= 0.611
 Eurobarometer (2014): study DE 2014 15+ aged, general public, Germany, 2014 N = 1576
Mean
= 3.190
SD
= 0.611
 Eurobarometer (2018a): study SI 2018 General public, 15+ aged, Slovenia, 2018 N = 1017
Mean
= 3.190
SD
= 0.611
 Eurobarometer (2006): study NL 2006 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2006 N = 1009
Mean
= 3.385
SD
= 0.612
 Eurobarometer (1996): study BE Bruxelles (Brussel) 1996 15+ aged general public, Bruxelles (Brussel) region, Belgium, 1996 N = 308
Mean
= 3.049
SD
= 0.613
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 1984 /1 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1984 N = 1018
Mean
= 3.412
SD
= 0.613
 Eurobarometer (2001): study LU 2001 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 2001 N = 609
Mean
= 3.263
SD
= 0.613
 Eurobarometer (2016a): study LU 2016 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 2016 N = 502
Mean
= 3.364
SD
= 0.613
 Eurobarometer (1996): study SE Vaestverige 1996 15+ aged, general public, Vaestverige region, Sweden, 1996 N = 631
Mean
= 3.311
SD
= 0.613
 Eurobarometer (1975a): study XZ Germany West 1975 15+ aged, general public, West Germany, 1975 N = 1039
Mean
= 2.928
SD
= 0.613
 Eurobarometer (1996): study IT Milano 1996 15+ aged, general public, Milano region, Italy, 1996 N = 442
Mean
= 2.972
SD
= 0.613
 Eurobarometer (1996): study AT Kärnten 1996 15+ aged general public, Kärnten region, Austria, 1996 N = 218
Mean
= 3.209
SD
= 0.614
 Eurobarometer (2018a): study ES 2018 General public, 15+ aged, Spanje, 2018 N = 1011
Mean
= 3.060
SD
= 0.614
 GESIS (2007): study DE Freiburg 1990 18+ aged, general public, Freiburg region, Germany, 1990 N = 1385
Mean
= 3.049
SD
= 0.614
 Eurobarometer (2018): study DE 2018 15+ aged, general public, Germany, 2018 N = 1509
Mean
= 3.230
SD
= 0.614
 Eurobarometer (2018a): study DE 2018 General public, 15+ aged, Germany, 2018 N = 1519
Mean
= 3.230
SD
= 0.614
 Eurobarometer (2017a): study SE 2017 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2017 N = 1014
Mean
= 3.407
SD
= 0.614
 Eurobarometer (1991): study XZ Germany West 1989 /1 15+ aged, general public, Germany-West (former), 1989 N = 1202
Mean
= 3.144
SD
= 0.614
 Eurobarometer (2016b): study LU 2016 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 2016 N = 507
Mean
= 3.370
SD
= 0.614
 GESIS (2007): study NL Utrecht 1990 18+ aged, general public, Utrecht region, Netherlands, 1990-2002 N = 3142
Mean
= 3.422
SD
= 0.614
 Eurobarometer (1996): study FI Hämeen (in Southern Finland, in Päijänne Tavastland) 1996 15+ aged general public, Hämeen (in Southern Finland, in Päijänne Tavastland) region, Finland, 1996 N = 98
Mean
= 3.183
SD
= 0.614
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 1998 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1998 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.375
SD
= 0.614
 Eurobarometer (2017): study FI 2017 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2017 N = 1016
Mean
= 3.320
SD
= 0.614
 Eurobarometer (1997): study LU 1997 16+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 1997 N = 597
Mean
= 3.320
SD
= 0.614
 Eurobarometer (2017): study EE 2017 15+ aged, general public, Estonia, 2017 N = 1009
Mean
= 2.890
SD
= 0.615
 Eurobarometer (2019a): study ES 2019 15+ aged, general public, , Spain, 2019 N = 1008
Mean
= 3.110
SD
= 0.615
 Eurobarometer (1991): study LU 1990 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 1990 N = 300
Mean
= 3.390
SD
= 0.615
 Eurobarometer (2006a): study SI 2006 15+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 2006 N = 1031
Mean
= 3.162
SD
= 0.615
 Eurobarometer (1991a): study DE West Germany 1992 /1 15+ aged, general public, West-Germany region, Germany, 1992 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.160
SD
= 0.615
 Eurobarometer (1991a): study LU 1991 /1 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 1991 N = 500
Mean
= 3.380
SD
= 0.615
 Eurobarometer (2002): study IE 2001 15+ aged, general public, Ireland, 2001 N = 1001
Mean
= 3.224
SD
= 0.615
 GESIS (2007): study NO Vestfold 1990 18+ aged, general public, Vestfold region, Norway, 1990-2002 N = 493
Mean
= 3.499
SD
= 0.615
 Eurobarometer (2022): study BE 2022 15+ aged, Belgium, 2022 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.040
SD
= 0.615
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 1991 /1 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1991 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.412
SD
= 0.615
 Eurobarometer (1996): study PT PT Norte 1996 15+ aged, general public, North region, Portugal, 1996 N = 1101
Mean
= 2.676
SD
= 0.615
 Eurobarometer (1996): study GB Buckinghamshire 1996 15+ aged, general public, Bedfordshire,Hertfordshire region, United Kingdom, 1996 N = 204
Mean
= 3.202
SD
= 0.616
 Eurobarometer (1996): study IT Calabria 1996 15+ aged, general public, Calabria region, Italy, 1996 N = 221
Mean
= 2.795
SD
= 0.616
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 1993 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1993 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.413
SD
= 0.616
 Eurobarometer (1996): study GB East Anglia 1996 15+ aged, general public, East Anglia region, United Kingdom, 1996 N = 217
Mean
= 3.204
SD
= 0.616
 Eurobarometer (1986): study LU 1983 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 1983 N = 300
Mean
= 3.320
SD
= 0.616
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 1989 /2 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1989 N = 970
Mean
= 3.440
SD
= 0.616
 Eurobarometer (2021): study BE 2021 15+ Aged General Public, Belgium, 2021 N = 1060
Mean
= 3.020
SD
= 0.616
 Eurobarometer (2020): study LV 2020 15+ Aged General Public, Latvia, 2020 N = 996
Mean
= 3.020
SD
= 0.616
 GESIS (2007): study DE Mittelfranken 1990 18+ aged, general public, Mittelfranken region, Germany, 1990 N = 1338
Mean
= 3.028
SD
= 0.616
 Eurobarometer (2019a): study EE 2019 15+ aged, general public, , Estonia, 2019 N = 1001
Mean
= 3.000
SD
= 0.616
 GESIS (2007): study SE Mellersta Norrland 1990 18+ aged, general public, Mellersta Norrland region, Sweden, 1990-2002 N = 616
Mean
= 3.273
SD
= 0.617
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 2000 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2000 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.228
SD
= 0.617
 Eurobarometer (2012a): study PL 2012 15+ aged, general public, Poland, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 2.867
SD
= 0.617
 Eurobarometer (2019): study LU 2019 General public, 15+ aged, Luxembourg, 2019 N = 506
Mean
= 3.323
SD
= 0.617
 Eurobarometer (2021): study DE 2021 15+ Aged General Public, Germany, 2021 N = 1575
Mean
= 3.232
SD
= 0.617
 Eurobarometer (2004a): study IE 2004 15+ aged, general public, Ireland, 2004 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.323
SD
= 0.617
 Eurobarometer (1986): study LU 1984 /1 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 1984 N = 299
Mean
= 3.230
SD
= 0.617
 Eurobarometer (2002b): study FI 2002 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2002 N = 1013
Mean
= 3.140
SD
= 0.617
 Eurobarometer (2019a): study BE 2019 15+ aged, general public, , Belgium, 2019 N = 1012
Mean
= 3.140
SD
= 0.617
 GESIS (2007): study DE Darmstadt 1990 18+ aged, general public, Darmstadt region, Germany, 1990 N = 2869
Mean
= 3.016
SD
= 0.617
 Breda et al. (1997): study BE 1992 16+ aged, general public, Belgium, 1992 N = 8677
Mean
= 3.205
SD
= 0.617
 Eurobarometer (1996): study DE Darmstadt 1996 15+ aged general public, Darmstadt region, Germany, 1996 N = 365
Mean
= 3.017
SD
= 0.617
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 1989 /1 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1989 N = 999
Mean
= 3.352
SD
= 0.617
 Eurobarometer (2021a): study SE 2021 15+ Aged General Public, Sweden, 2021 N = 1015
Mean
= 3.330
SD
= 0.617
 Eurobarometer (1986): study LU 1981 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 1981 N = 300
Mean
= 3.330
SD
= 0.617
 Eurobarometer (1996): study LU Grevenmacher (East) 1996 15+ aged, general public, Grevenmacher (East) region, Luxembourg, 1996 N = 125
Mean
= 3.328
SD
= 0.617
 Eurobarometer (1996): study NL Utrecht 1996 15+ aged, general public, Utrecht region, Netherlands, 1996 N = 246
Mean
= 3.362
SD
= 0.618
 Eurobarometer (1998): study SE 1998 16+ aged, general public, Sweden, 1998 N = 1025
Mean
= 3.280
SD
= 0.618
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 1990 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1990 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.418
SD
= 0.618
 Eurobarometer (2002): study FI 2001 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2001 N = 1003
Mean
= 3.090
SD
= 0.618
 Eurobarometer (2013): study NL 2013 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2013 N = 1021
Mean
= 3.410
SD
= 0.618
 Eurobarometer (2006): study SI 2006 15+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 2006 N = 1033
Mean
= 3.090
SD
= 0.618
 Eurobarometer (2008): study LU 2008 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 2008 N = 501
Mean
= 3.410
SD
= 0.618
 Eurobarometer (1991a): study DE West Germany 1992 15+ aged, general public, West-Germany region, Germany, 1992 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.090
SD
= 0.618
 Eurobarometer (2011a): study SE 2011 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2011 N = 1044
Mean
= 3.410
SD
= 0.618
 Eurobarometer (1996): study GB Borders,Central,Fife,Lothian,Tayside 1996 15+ aged, general public, Borders,Central,Fife,Lothian,Tayside region, United Kingdom, 1996 N = 196
Mean
= 3.197
SD
= 0.618
 Eurobarometer (1996): study NL 1996 16+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1996 N = 3597
Mean
= 3.404
SD
= 0.618
 Eurobarometer (2015a): study DE 2015 15+ aged, general public, Germany, 2015 N = 1548
Mean
= 3.240
SD
= 0.618
 Eurobarometer (2020): study IE 2020 15+ Aged General Public, Ireland, 2020 N = 1005
Mean
= 3.240
SD
= 0.618
 Eurobarometer (1996): study ES Aragon 1996 15+ aged general public, Aragon region, Spain, 1996 N = 199
Mean
= 2.962
SD
= 0.619
 GESIS (2007): study NO Troms 1990 18+ aged, general public, Troms region, Norway, 1990-2002 N = 408
Mean
= 3.313
SD
= 0.619
 Eurobarometer (1996): study GB Avon,Gloucestershire,Wiltshire 1996 15+ aged, general public, Avon,Gloucestershire,Wiltshire region, United Kingdom, 1996 N = 217
Mean
= 3.302
SD
= 0.619
 GESIS (2007): study NO Oslo 1990 18+ aged, general public, Oslo region, Norway, 1990-2002 N = 1155
Mean
= 3.418
SD
= 0.619
 GESIS (2007): study NL Friesland 1990 18+ aged, general public, Friesland region, Netherlands, 1990-2002 N = 2273
Mean
= 3.357
SD
= 0.619
 Eurobarometer (2001): study ES 2001 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 2001 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.020
SD
= 0.619
 Eurobarometer (1996): study DE Oberbayern 1996 15+ aged general public, Oberbayern region, Germany, 1996 N = 390
Mean
= 3.154
SD
= 0.619
 Eurobarometer (2008): study AT 2008 15+ aged, general public, Austria, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.000
SD
= 0.620
 Eurobarometer (2002a): study BE 2002 15+ aged, general public, Belgium, 2002 N = 1045
Mean
= 3.000
SD
= 0.620
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 1973 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1973 N = 1464
Mean
= 3.318
SD
= 0.620
 Eurobarometer (2011b): study CZ 2011 15+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2011 N = 1002
Mean
= 2.859
SD
= 0.620
 Eurobarometer (1997): study FI 1997 16+ aged, general public, Finland, 1997 N = 1011
Mean
= 3.178
SD
= 0.620
 GESIS (2007): study NO Oppland 1990 18+ aged, general public, Oppland region, Norway, 1990-2002 N = 466
Mean
= 3.344
SD
= 0.620
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 1992 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1992 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.393
SD
= 0.620
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 1983 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1983 N = 998
Mean
= 3.333
SD
= 0.620
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 2001 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2001 N = 1040
Mean
= 3.416
SD
= 0.620
 GESIS (2007): study FI Etelä-Pohjanmaa 1990 18+ aged, general public, Etelä-Pohjanmaa region,Finland, 1990-2002 N = 1408
Mean
= 3.148
SD
= 0.621
 Eurobarometer (2005): study LU 2005 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 2005 N = 0
Mean
= 3.430
SD
= 0.621
 Eurobarometer (2007a): study CZ 2007 /1 15+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2007 N = 1106
Mean
= 2.930
SD
= 0.621
 GESIS (2007): study NL Noord-Brabant 1990 18+ aged, general public, Noord-Brabant region, Netherlands, 1990-2002 N = 7144
Mean
= 3.411
SD
= 0.621
 Eurobarometer (1996): study GB Lancashire 1996 15+ aged, general public, Lancashire region, Hereford and Worcester,WarwickshireUnited Kingdom, 1996 N = 145
Mean
= 3.149
SD
= 0.621
 Eurobarometer (1996): study GB Kent 1996 15+ aged, general public, Kent region, United Kingdom, 1996 N = 158
Mean
= 3.050
SD
= 0.621
 Eurobarometer (1996): study GB Essex 1996 15+ aged, general public, Essex region, Dorset,SomersetUnited Kingdom, 1996 N = 161
Mean
= 3.228
SD
= 0.621
 GESIS (2007): study PT Madeira 1990 18+ aged, general public, Madeira, Portugal, 1990-2002 N = 1206
Mean
= 2.705
SD
= 0.621
 Eurobarometer (2021a): study SI 2021 15+ Aged General Public,Slovenia, 2021 N = 1027
Mean
= 3.210
SD
= 0.621
 Eurobarometer (1996): study LU 1996 16+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 1996 N = 1034
Mean
= 3.290
SD
= 0.621
 Eurobarometer (2016b): study PL 2016 15+ aged, general public, Poland, 2016 N = 1004
Mean
= 2.907
SD
= 0.622
 GESIS (2007): study NO Vest Agder 1990 18+ aged, general public, Vest Agder region, Norway, 1990-2002 N = 366
Mean
= 3.565
SD
= 0.622
 Eurobarometer (2002a): study IE 2002 15+ aged, general public, Ireland, 2002 N = 984
Mean
= 3.204
SD
= 0.622
 GESIS (2007): study NL Groningen 1990 18+ aged, general public, Groningen region, Netherlands, 1990-2002 N = 2157
Mean
= 3.377
SD
= 0.622
 Eurobarometer (1986): study LU 1986 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 1986 N = 299
Mean
= 3.340
SD
= 0.622
 Eurobarometer (2004a): study LU 2004 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 2004 N = 502
Mean
= 3.450
SD
= 0.622
 Eurobarometer (1991): study DE East Germany 1990 15+ aged, general public, East-Germany, Germany, 1990 N = 2000
Mean
= 2.850
SD
= 0.622
 Eurobarometer (2014): study GB 2014 15+ aged, general public, United Kingdom, 2014 N = 1373
Mean
= 3.350
SD
= 0.622
 Eurobarometer (2015): study MT 2015 15+ aged, general public, Malta, 2015 N = 504
Mean
= 3.250
SD
= 0.622
 Eurobarometer (2020): study DE 2020 15+ Aged General Public, Germany, 2020 N = 1514
Mean
= 3.250
SD
= 0.622
 Eurobarometer (2012a): study AT 2012 15+ aged, general public, Austria, 2012 N = 993
Mean
= 3.050
SD
= 0.622
 Eurobarometer (2022): study ES 2022 15+ aged, Spain, 2022 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.050
SD
= 0.622
 Eurobarometer (2018): study CZ 2018 15+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2018 N = 1047
Mean
= 3.050
SD
= 0.622
 Eurobarometer (2021): study EE 2021 15+ Aged General Public, Estonia, 2021 N = 1054
Mean
= 2.820
SD
= 0.623
 Eurobarometer (2010b): study NL 2010 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2010 N = 1013
Mean
= 3.417
SD
= 0.623
 GESIS (2007): study IT Veneto 1990 18+ aged, general public, Veneto region, Italy, 1990-2002 N = 4006
Mean
= 2.988
SD
= 0.623
 Eurobarometer (2015): study NL 2015 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2015 N = 1010
Mean
= 3.460
SD
= 0.623
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 1989 /3 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1989 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.371
SD
= 0.623
 GESIS (2007): study NL Zuid-Holland (South Holland) 1990 18+ aged, general public, Zuid-Holland region, Netherlands, 1990-2002 N = 10236
Mean
= 3.378
SD
= 0.623
 Eurobarometer (1996): study LU LU Center 1996 15+ aged, general public, LU Center region, Luxembourg, 1996 N = 333
Mean
= 3.229
SD
= 0.624
 Eurobarometer (2004a): study AT 2004 15+ aged, general public, Austria, 2004 N = 1007
Mean
= 3.071
SD
= 0.624
 Eurobarometer (2002b): study SE 2002 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2002 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.293
SD
= 0.624
 Eurobarometer (2011c): study AT 2010 15+ aged, general public, Austria, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.071
SD
= 0.624
 Eurobarometer (2021): study LU 2021 15+ Aged General Public, Luxembourg, 2021 N = 599
Mean
= 3.030
SD
= 0.624
 Eurobarometer (2006a): study NL 2006 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2006 N = 1018
Mean
= 3.438
SD
= 0.624
 GESIS (2007): study NL Overijssel 1990 18+ aged, general public, Overijssel region, Netherlands, 1990-2002 N = 3414
Mean
= 3.407
SD
= 0.624
 Eurobarometer (2019): study NL 2019 General public, 15+ aged, Netherlands, 2019 N = 1020
Mean
= 3.520
SD
= 0.624
 Eurobarometer (2015a): study NL 2015 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2015 N = 1023
Mean
= 3.480
SD
= 0.624
 Eurobarometer (1996): study FI Uusimaa (region around Helsinki) 1996 15+ aged general public, Uusimaa (region around Helsinki) region, Finland, 1996 N = 843
Mean
= 3.152
SD
= 0.624
 Eurobarometer (2011c): study DE East Germany 1990 15+ aged, general public, East-Germany, Germany, 1990 N = 837
Mean
= 2.876
SD
= 0.624
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study LU 1976 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 1976 N = 268
Mean
= 3.241
SD
= 0.624
 Eurobarometer (2010): study ES 2008 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 2.990
SD
= 0.624
 Eurobarometer (2018a): study NL 2018 General public, 15+ aged, Netherlands, 2018 N = 1035
Mean
= 3.510
SD
= 0.624
 Eurobarometer (2018a): study CZ 2018 General public, 15+ aged, Tsjechie, 2018 N = 1001
Mean
= 2.990
SD
= 0.624
 Eurobarometer (2022): study MT 2022 15+ aged, Malta, 2022 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.100
SD
= 0.624
 Eurobarometer (2011): study CZ 2010 15+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2010 N = 1024
Mean
= 2.900
SD
= 0.624
 Eurobarometer (2011b): study LU 2011 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 2011 N = 498
Mean
= 3.300
SD
= 0.624
 Eurobarometer (2017a): study EE 2017 15+ aged, general public, Estonia, 2017 N = 1010
Mean
= 2.892
SD
= 0.625
 Eurobarometer (2021): study NL 2021 15+ Aged General Public, Netherlands, 2021 N = 1011
Mean
= 3.360
SD
= 0.625
 GESIS (2007): study DE Sachsen 1990 18+ aged, general public, Sachsen, Germany, 1990-2002 N = 1774
Mean
= 2.623
SD
= 0.625
 Eurobarometer (2019): study IT 2019 General public, 15+ aged, Italy, 2019 N = 1026
Mean
= 2.747
SD
= 0.625
 Eurobarometer (2004a): study CZ 2004 15+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2004 N = 1075
Mean
= 2.818
SD
= 0.625
 GESIS (2007): study BE Oost-Vlaanderen, East Flanders 1990 18+ aged, general public, Oost-Vlaanderen, East Flanders region, Belgium, 1990 N = 6716
Mean
= 3.230
SD
= 0.626
 Eurobarometer (2010): study AT 2008 12+ aged, general public, Austria, 2008 N = 1003
Mean
= 2.949
SD
= 0.626
 Eurobarometer (2013): study AT 2013 15+ aged, general public, Austria, 2013 N = 999
Mean
= 3.051
SD
= 0.626
 Eurobarometer (2002): study ES 2001 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 2001 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.051
SD
= 0.626
 Eurobarometer (2021a): study IT 2021 15+ Aged General Public, Italy, 2021 N = 1026
Mean
= 2.780
SD
= 0.626
 Eurobarometer (2011a): study BE 2011 15+ aged, general public, Belgium, 2011 N = 1020
Mean
= 3.220
SD
= 0.626
 Eurobarometer (1991a): study DE East Germany 1992 /1 15+ aged, general public, East-Germany, Germany, 1992 N = 1000
Mean
= 2.780
SD
= 0.626
 GESIS (2007): study DE Chemnitz 1990 18+ aged, general public, Chemnitz, Germany, 1990-2002 N = 4888
Mean
= 2.824
SD
= 0.626
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 2001 /2 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2001 N = 1029
Mean
= 3.456
SD
= 0.626
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study XZ Germany West 1973 15+ aged, general public, Germany-West (former), 1973 N = 1957
Mean
= 2.978
SD
= 0.626
 GESIS (2007): study FI Itä-Suomi Pohjois-Savo-Norra Savolax 1990 18+ aged, general public, Itä-Suomi Pohjois-Savo-Norra Savolax region, Finland, 1990-2002 N = 1647
Mean
= 3.109
SD
= 0.626
 Eurobarometer (2016a): study PT 2016 15+ aged, general public, Portugal, 2016 N = 1014
Mean
= 2.667
SD
= 0.626
 Eurobarometer (1996): study BE Oost-Vlaanderen, East Flanders 1996 15+ aged general public, Oost-Vlaanderen, East Flanders region, Belgium, 1996 N = 433
Mean
= 3.072
SD
= 0.626
 Eurobarometer (2021): study PT 2021 15+ Aged General Public, Portugal, 2021 N = 1100
Mean
= 2.740
SD
= 0.626
 Eurobarometer (2018a): study AT 2018 General public, 15+ aged, Austria, 2018 N = 1015
Mean
= 3.260
SD
= 0.626
 Eurobarometer (2019): study AT 2019 General public, 15+ aged, Austria, 2019 N = 1022
Mean
= 3.303
SD
= 0.627
 Eurobarometer (1991b): study DE West Germany 1993 15+ aged, general public, West-Germany region, Germany, 1993 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.130
SD
= 0.627
 Eurobarometer (2013a): study CZ 2013 15+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 2.870
SD
= 0.627
 Eurobarometer (2015a): study IE 2015 15+ aged, general public, Ireland, 2015 N = 1004
Mean
= 3.370
SD
= 0.627
 Eurobarometer (1996): study IT Emilia Romagna 1996 15+ aged, general public, Emilia Romagna region, Italy, 1996 N = 448
Mean
= 2.918
SD
= 0.627
 Eurobarometer (1995): study LU 1995 16+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 1995 N = 499
Mean
= 3.386
SD
= 0.627
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 1984 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1984 N = 1015
Mean
= 3.386
SD
= 0.627
 Eurobarometer (1991b): study DE 1994 15+ aged, general public, Germany, 1994 N = 2000
Mean
= 2.990
SD
= 0.628
 Eurobarometer (1991): study ES 1989 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 1989 N = 1001
Mean
= 3.010
SD
= 0.628
 Eurobarometer (2018): study EE 2018 15+ aged, general public, Estonia, 2018 N = 1021
Mean
= 2.990
SD
= 0.628
 Eurobarometer (2002): study BE 2001 15+ aged, general public, Belgium, 2001 N = 1007
Mean
= 3.010
SD
= 0.628
 Eurobarometer (2021a): study LU 2021 15+ Aged General Public,Luxembourg, 2021 N = 514
Mean
= 3.310
SD
= 0.628
 Eurobarometer (2014a): study DE 2014 15+ aged, general public, Germany, 2014 N = 1610
Mean
= 3.190
SD
= 0.628
 GESIS (2007): study LU LU South 1990 18+ aged, general public, LU South region, Luxembourg, 1990-2002 N = 11068
Mean
= 3.306
SD
= 0.628
 Eurobarometer (1996): study FI 1996 16+ aged, general public, Finland, 1996 N = 3373
Mean
= 3.160
SD
= 0.628
 Eurobarometer (2020): study ES 2020 15+ Aged General Public, Spain, 2020 N = 1012
Mean
= 3.160
SD
= 0.628
 GESIS (2007): study DE Oberbayern 1990 18+ aged, general public, Oberbayern region, Germany, 1990-2002 N = 2994
Mean
= 3.095
SD
= 0.628
 Eurobarometer (2016b): study BE 2016 15+ aged, general public, Belgium, 2016 N = 1004
Mean
= 3.170
SD
= 0.629
 GESIS (2007): study NL Limburg 1990 18+ aged, general public, Limburg region, Netherlands, 1990-2002 N = 3636
Mean
= 3.348
SD
= 0.629
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 2000 /1 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2000 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.377
SD
= 0.629
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 1993 /1 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1993 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.381
SD
= 0.630
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study XZ Germany West 1975 /1 15+ aged, general public, Germany-West (former), 1975 N = 1002
Mean
= 2.938
SD
= 0.630
 Eurobarometer (2021): study SI 2021 15+ Aged General Public, Slovenia, 2021 N = 1038
Mean
= 2.940
SD
= 0.630
 Eurobarometer (2021a): study HR 2021 15+ Aged General Public, Croatia, 2021 N = 1023
Mean
= 3.060
SD
= 0.630
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 2002 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2002 N = 997
Mean
= 3.372
SD
= 0.630
 Eurobarometer (2005a): study IE 2005 15+ aged, general public, Ireland, 2005 N = 0
Mean
= 3.313
SD
= 0.630
 Conen (2005): study ZZ EU 15 2001 15-64 aged working people, 15 European countries, 2001 N = 7054
Mean
= 1.740
SD
= 0.630
 Eurobarometer (2002): study DE West Germany 2001 15+ aged, general public, West-Germany region, Germany, 2001 N = 1001
Mean
= 3.031
SD
= 0.630
 Eurobarometer (1986): study XZ Germany West 1982 /1 15+ aged, general public, Germany-West (former), 1982 N = 1012
Mean
= 3.030
SD
= 0.630
 Eurobarometer (2007a): study GB 2007 15+ aged, general public, United Kingdom, 2007 N = 1340
Mean
= 3.230
SD
= 0.630
 GESIS (2007): study AT Oberösterreich 1990 18+ aged, general public, Oberösterreich region, Austria, 1990 N = 5765
Mean
= 3.208
SD
= 0.630
 GESIS (2007): study DE Koblenz 1990 18+ aged, general public, Germany, Koblenz region, 1990-2002 N = 1133
Mean
= 3.030
SD
= 0.630
 GESIS (2007): study FR Alsace 1990 18+ aged, general public, Alsace, France, 1990-2002 N = 1275
Mean
= 2.975
SD
= 0.630
 Eurobarometer (2018a): study HU 2018 General public, 15+ aged, Hungary, 2018 N = 1023
Mean
= 2.808
SD
= 0.630
 Eurobarometer (2002b): study BE 2002 15+ aged, general public, Belgium, 2002 N = 1037
Mean
= 2.919
SD
= 0.630
 Eurobarometer (2006): study AT 2006 15+ aged, general public, Austria, 2006 N = 1017
Mean
= 3.081
SD
= 0.630
 Eurobarometer (2008): study SI 2008 15+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 2008 N = 1003
Mean
= 3.110
SD
= 0.631
 Eurobarometer (2006): study SE 2006 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2006 N = 1017
Mean
= 3.390
SD
= 0.631
 Eurobarometer (2007a): study LU 2007 /1 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 2007 N = 502
Mean
= 3.390
SD
= 0.631
 Eurobarometer (2021): study FI 2021 15+ Aged General Public, Finland, 2021 N = 1102
Mean
= 3.040
SD
= 0.631
 GESIS (2007): study IT Milano 1990 18+ aged, general public, Milano region, Italy, 1990-2002 N = 3514
Mean
= 2.939
SD
= 0.631
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 2001 /1 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2001 N = 999
Mean
= 3.398
SD
= 0.632
 Eurobarometer (2017a): study SI 2017 15+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 2017 N = 1012
Mean
= 3.215
SD
= 0.632
 GESIS (2007): study DE Koln 1990 18+ aged, general public, Koln region, Germany, 1990-2002 N = 3196
Mean
= 3.046
SD
= 0.632
 Eurobarometer (2000b): study ES 2000 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 2000 N = 1000
Mean
= 2.980
SD
= 0.632
 Eurobarometer (2000a): study ES 2000 16+ aged, general public, Spain, 2000 N = 1000
Mean
= 2.980
SD
= 0.632
 Eurobarometer (2014a): study CZ 2014 15+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2014 N = 1055
Mean
= 3.020
SD
= 0.632
 GESIS (2007): study NL Noord-Holland 1990 18+ aged, general public, Noord-Holland region, Netherlands, 1990-2002 N = 4598
Mean
= 3.376
SD
= 0.632
 Eurobarometer (2015): study CZ 2015 15+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2015 N = 1021
Mean
= 3.000
SD
= 0.632
 Eurobarometer (2012a): study NL 2012 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2012 N = 1016
Mean
= 3.400
SD
= 0.632
 Eurobarometer (2010): study EE 2008 15+ aged, general public, Estonia, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 2.800
SD
= 0.632
 Eurobarometer (1996): study NL Zeeland 1996 15+ aged, general public, Zeeland region, Netherlands, 1996 N = 85
Mean
= 3.306
SD
= 0.633
 Eurobarometer (1991): study XZ Germany West 1987 15+ aged, general public, Germany-West (former), 1987 N = 994
Mean
= 3.060
SD
= 0.633
 Eurobarometer (2014a): study BE 2014 15+ aged, general public, Belgium, 2014 N = 1001
Mean
= 3.140
SD
= 0.633
 Eurobarometer (2007a): study EE 2007 15+ aged, general public, Estonia, 2007 N = 1005
Mean
= 2.860
SD
= 0.633
 Eurobarometer (2018): study BE 2018 15+ aged, general public, Belgium, 2018 N = 1028
Mean
= 3.140
SD
= 0.633
 GESIS (2007): study BE Limburg 1990 18+ aged, general public, Limburg region, Belgium, 1990 N = 1976
Mean
= 3.252
SD
= 0.633
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 1987 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1987 N = 1004
Mean
= 3.330
SD
= 0.633
 Eurobarometer (2018): study LU 2018 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 2018 N = 512
Mean
= 3.323
SD
= 0.633
 Eurobarometer (1996): study IT Molisee Abruzzi 1996 15+ aged, general public,Molisee Abruzzi region, Italy, 1996 N = 177
Mean
= 2.828
SD
= 0.633
 Eurobarometer (1996): study BE Liège (Luik) 1996 15+ aged general public, Liège (Luik) region, Belgium, 1996 N = 320
Mean
= 3.004
SD
= 0.633
 Eurobarometer (2014a): study GB 2014 15+ aged, general public, United Kingdom, 2014 N = 1317
Mean
= 3.330
SD
= 0.633
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 1978 /1 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1978 N = 945
Mean
= 3.378
SD
= 0.633
 Eurobarometer (2015): study PL 2015 15+ aged, general public, Poland, 2015 N = 998
Mean
= 2.918
SD
= 0.634
 Eurobarometer (2005a): study CZ 2005 15+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2005 N = 0
Mean
= 2.910
SD
= 0.634
 GESIS (2007): study DE Düsseldorf 1990 18+ aged, general public, Düsseldorf region, Germany, 1990 N = 3934
Mean
= 3.061
SD
= 0.634
 Eurobarometer (1996): study AT Steiermark 1996 15+ aged general public, Steiermark region, Austria, 1996 N = 498
Mean
= 3.184
SD
= 0.634
 Eurobarometer (2016b): study SI 2016 15+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 2016 N = 1043
Mean
= 3.190
SD
= 0.634
 Eurobarometer (2019): study DE 2019 General public, 15+ aged, Germany, 2019 N = 1487
Mean
= 3.240
SD
= 0.634
 Eurobarometer (2000b): study DE 2000 15+ aged, general public, Germany, 2000 N = 2027
Mean
= 2.960
SD
= 0.634
 GESIS (2007): study DE Kassel 1990 18+ aged, general public, Kassel region, Germany, 1990-2002 N = 964
Mean
= 3.098
SD
= 0.634
 GESIS (2007): study ES Cantabria 1990 18+ aged, general public, Cantabria region, Spain, 1990-2002 N = 691
Mean
= 2.951
SD
= 0.634
 GESIS (2007): study LU Luxembourg 1990 18+ aged, general public, Luxembourg region, Luxembourg, 1990 N = 9293
Mean
= 3.330
SD
= 0.635
 GESIS (2007): study SE Östergötland Ostra Mellansverige 1990 18+ aged, general public, Östergötland Ostra Mellansverige region, Sweden, 1990-2002 N = 120
Mean
= 3.040
SD
= 0.635
 Eurobarometer (2011): study AT 2010 15+ aged, general public, Austria, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.020
SD
= 0.635
 Eurobarometer (2006a): study IE 2006 15+ aged, general public, Ireland, 2006 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.276
SD
= 0.635
 GESIS (2007): study FI Kymenlaakso Kymenedalen 1990 18+ aged, general public, Kymenlaakso Kymenedalen region, Finland, 1990-2002 N = 1252
Mean
= 3.125
SD
= 0.635
 Eurobarometer (1991): study XZ Germany West 1986 15+ aged, general public, Germany-West (former), 1986 N = 1084
Mean
= 3.000
SD
= 0.636
 Eurobarometer (2002a): study FI 2002 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2002 N = 1010
Mean
= 3.141
SD
= 0.636
 Eurobarometer (2018): study GB 2018 15+ aged, general public, United Kingdom, 2018 N = 1337
Mean
= 3.340
SD
= 0.636
 Eurobarometer (2018a): study AL 2018 General public, 15+ aged, Albania, 2018 N = 1049
Mean
= 2.660
SD
= 0.636
 GESIS (2007): study DE Nord-Baden Karlsruhe 1990 18+ aged, general public, Nord-Baden Karlsruhe region, Germany, 1990-2002 N = 1821
Mean
= 3.015
SD
= 0.636
 Eurobarometer (1995): study FI 1995 16+ aged, general public, Finland, 1995 N = 1030
Mean
= 3.142
SD
= 0.636
 Eurobarometer (2020): study MT 2020 15+ Aged General Public, Malta, 2020 N = 502
Mean
= 3.172
SD
= 0.636
 Eurobarometer (2000a): study FI 2000 16+ aged, general public, Finland, 2000 N = 1010
Mean
= 3.070
SD
= 0.636
 Eurobarometer (2012): study NL 2012 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2012 N = 1012
Mean
= 3.430
SD
= 0.636
 Eurobarometer (1991b): study DE West Germany 1993 /1 15+ aged, general public, West-Germany region, Germany, 1993 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.070
SD
= 0.636
 Eurobarometer (2015a): study CZ 2015 15+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2015 N = 1013
Mean
= 2.930
SD
= 0.636
 GESIS (2007): study DE Neu-Brandenburg Vorpommern 1990 18+ aged, general public, Neu-Brandenburg Vorpommern, Germany, 1990-2002 N = 730
Mean
= 2.705
SD
= 0.637
 GESIS (2007): study LU Diekrich (North) 1990 18+ aged, general public, Diekrich (North) region, Luxembourg, 1990-2002 N = 4134
Mean
= 3.392
SD
= 0.637
 Eurobarometer (2012): study CZ 2012 15+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2012 N = 1002
Mean
= 2.880
SD
= 0.637
 Eurobarometer (1996): study NL Noord-Holland 1996 15+ aged, general public, Noord-Holland region, Netherlands, 1996 N = 585
Mean
= 3.404
SD
= 0.637
 Eurobarometer (2001): study FI 2001 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2001 N = 1022
Mean
= 3.091
SD
= 0.637
 Eurobarometer (2020): study SI 2020 15+ Aged General Public, Slovenia, 2020 N = 1012
Mean
= 3.210
SD
= 0.637
 Eurobarometer (2018): study AT 2018 15+ aged, general public, Austria, 2018 N = 1039
Mean
= 3.290
SD
= 0.637
 Eurobarometer (2013): study MT 2013 15+ aged, general public, Malta, 2013 N = 500
Mean
= 3.210
SD
= 0.637
 Eurobarometer (2014): study AT 2014 15+ aged, general public, Austria, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.290
SD
= 0.637
 Eurobarometer (2005a): study SI 2005 15+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 2005 N = 0
Mean
= 3.099
SD
= 0.637
 Eurobarometer (1995): study GB Northern Ireland 1995 15+ aged, general public, Northern Ireland region, United Kingdom, 1995 N = 305
Mean
= 3.211
SD
= 0.638
 GESIS (2007): study AT Niederösterreich 1990 18+ aged general public, Niederösterreich region, Austria, 1990 N = 6860
Mean
= 3.119
SD
= 0.638
 GESIS (2007): study DE Braunschweig 1990 18+ aged, general public, Braunschweig region, Germany, 1990 N = 1496
Mean
= 3.040
SD
= 0.638
 GESIS (2007): study DE Gera Thüringen 1990 18+ aged, general public, Gera Thüringen, Germany, 1990-2002 N = 972
Mean
= 2.790
SD
= 0.638
 Eurobarometer (2009): study BE 2009 12+ aged, general public, Belgium, 2009 N = 983
Mean
= 3.250
SD
= 0.638
 Eurobarometer (2011a): study CZ 2011 15+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2011 N = 1022
Mean
= 2.950
SD
= 0.638
 Eurobarometer (2019): study IE 2019 15+ aged, general public, Ireland, 2019 N = 1028
Mean
= 3.350
SD
= 0.638
 Eurobarometer (2010a): study SI 2009 12+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 2009 N = 1015
Mean
= 3.050
SD
= 0.638
 Eurobarometer (2012): study BE 2012 15+ aged, general public, Belgium, 2012 N = 1076
Mean
= 3.180
SD
= 0.638
 Eurobarometer (2022): study NO 2022 15+ aged, Norway, 2022 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.180
SD
= 0.638
 Eurobarometer (1991b): study DE East Germany 1993 /1 15+ aged, general public, East-Germany, Germany, 1993 N = 1000
Mean
= 2.820
SD
= 0.638
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 2002 /1 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2002 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.274
SD
= 0.639
 GESIS (2007): study DE Schwerin Vorpommern 1990 18+ aged, general public, Schwerin Vorpommern, Germany, 1990-2002 N = 582
Mean
= 2.751
SD
= 0.639
 GESIS (2007): study NO NO Nordland 1990 18+ aged, general public, NO Nordland region, Norway, 1990-2002 N = 524
Mean
= 3.248
SD
= 0.639
 Eurobarometer (2012): study IS 2012 15+ aged, general public, Iceland, 2012 N = 5000
Mean
= 3.540
SD
= 0.639
 GESIS (2007): study AT Steiermark 1990 18+ aged general public, Steiermark region, Austria, 1990 N = 5181
Mean
= 3.237
SD
= 0.639
 Eurobarometer (2002a): study DE 2002 15+ aged, general public, Germany, 2002 N = 2051
Mean
= 2.970
SD
= 0.640
 Eurobarometer (1996): study BE West-Vlaanderen, West Flanders 1996 15+ aged, general public, West-Vlaanderen, West Flanders region, Belgium, 1996 N = 356
Mean
= 3.379
SD
= 0.640
 GESIS (2007): study DE Munster 1990 18+ aged, general public, Munster region, Germany, 1990-2002 N = 1726
Mean
= 3.155
SD
= 0.640
 Eurobarometer (1996): study IT Marche 1996 15+ aged, general public, Marche region, Italy, 1996 N = 148
Mean
= 2.924
SD
= 0.640
 GESIS (2007): study DE Hannover 1990 18+ aged, general public, Hannover region, Germany, 1990 N = 1766
Mean
= 3.038
SD
= 0.640
 Eurobarometer (2019a): study AT 2019 15+ aged, general public, , Austria, 2019 N = 1018
Mean
= 3.212
SD
= 0.640
 Eurobarometer (2006): study BE 2006 15+ aged, general public, Belgium, 2006 N = 1020
Mean
= 3.212
SD
= 0.640
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 1994 /1 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1994 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.303
SD
= 0.640
 Eurobarometer (1996): study DE Sachsen 1996 15+ aged general public, Sachsen region, Germany, 1996 N = 1040
Mean
= 2.815
SD
= 0.640
 Eurobarometer (2003a): study IE 2003 15+ aged, general public, Ireland, 2003 N = 1014
Mean
= 3.167
SD
= 0.640
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 1978 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1978 N = 1131
Mean
= 3.376
SD
= 0.640
 GESIS (2007): study NO Sør-Trøndelag 1990 18+ aged, general public, Sør-Trøndelag region, Norway, 1990-2002 N = 664
Mean
= 3.386
SD
= 0.640
 Eurobarometer (2009): study AT 2009 12+ aged, general public, Austria, 2009 N = 1015
Mean
= 2.990
SD
= 0.640
 Eurobarometer (2010a): study DE West Germany 2009 15+ aged, general public, West-Germany region, Germany, 2009 N = 0
Mean
= 3.100
SD
= 0.640
 Eurobarometer (2000b): study FI 2000 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2000 N = 1015
Mean
= 3.100
SD
= 0.640
 Eurobarometer (1986): study LU 1985 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 1985 N = 300
Mean
= 3.300
SD
= 0.640
 Eurobarometer (2014a): study IE 2014 15+ aged, general public, Ireland, 2014 N = 1002
Mean
= 3.300
SD
= 0.640
 Eurobarometer (2017): study GB 2017 15+ aged, general public, United Kingdom, 2017 N = 1334
Mean
= 3.360
SD
= 0.641
 Eurobarometer (2015a): study GB 2015 15+ aged, general public, United Kingdom, 2015 N = 1314
Mean
= 3.360
SD
= 0.641
 Eurobarometer (1996): study GB Greater Manchester 1996 15+ aged, general public, Greater Manchester region, United Kingdom, 1996 N = 262
Mean
= 3.159
SD
= 0.641
 Eurobarometer (1986): study XZ Germany West 1984 15+ aged, general public, Germany-West (former), 1984 N = 992
Mean
= 3.040
SD
= 0.641
 Eurobarometer (1986): study XZ Germany West 1982 15+ aged, general public, Germany-West (former), 1982 N = 1328
Mean
= 3.040
SD
= 0.641
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 1992 /1 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1992 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.430
SD
= 0.641
 Eurobarometer (2016b): study IE 2016 15+ aged, general public, Ireland, 2016 N = 1004
Mean
= 3.401
SD
= 0.641
 GESIS (2007): study DE Luneburg 1990 18+ aged, general public, Luneburg region, Germany, 1990-2002 N = 1210
Mean
= 3.050
SD
= 0.641
 Eurobarometer (1991a): study PT 1991 /1 15+ aged, general public, Portugal, 1991 N = 1000
Mean
= 2.750
SD
= 0.641
 GESIS (2007): study GB Cumbria 1990 18+ aged, general public, Cumbria region, United Kingdom, 1990-2002 N = 501
Mean
= 3.204
SD
= 0.641
 Eurobarometer (1991b): study DE East Germany 1994 /1 15+ aged, general public, East-Germany, Germany, 1994 N = 1000
Mean
= 2.850
SD
= 0.641
 Eurobarometer (1991a): study DE 1991 /1 15+ aged, general public, Germany, 1991 N = 2000
Mean
= 3.050
SD
= 0.642
 Eurobarometer (2013): study BE 2013 15+ aged, general public, Belgium, 2013 N = 1013
Mean
= 3.220
SD
= 0.642
 Eurobarometer (2013): study BE 2013 /2 15+ aged, general public, Belgium, 2013 N = 1013
Mean
= 3.220
SD
= 0.642
 Eurobarometer (2002b): study IE 2002 15+ aged, general public, Ireland, 2002 N = 1016
Mean
= 3.144
SD
= 0.642
 Eurobarometer (2013): study LU 2013 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 2013 N = 505
Mean
= 3.260
SD
= 0.642
 GESIS (2007): study SE Sydsverige 1990 18+ aged, general public, Sydsverige region, Sweden, 1990-2002 N = 1723
Mean
= 3.295
SD
= 0.642
 Eurobarometer (1995): study DE West Germany 1995 15+ aged, general public, West-Germany region, Germany, 1995 N = 1055
Mean
= 3.057
SD
= 0.643
 Eurobarometer (2011c): study CZ 2010 15+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2010 N = 1021
Mean
= 2.870
SD
= 0.643
 Eurobarometer (2012): study DE 2012 15+ aged, general public, Germany, 2012 N = 1502
Mean
= 3.130
SD
= 0.643
 Eurobarometer (2006a): study LU 2006 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 2006 N = 500
Mean
= 3.370
SD
= 0.643
 Eurobarometer (1996): study IE Mid west (Limerick / Clare / Tippary / North Riding) 1996 15+ aged, general public, Mid west (Limerick / Clare / Tippary / North Riding) region, Ireland, 1996 N = 235
Mean
= 3.185
SD
= 0.643
 Eurobarometer (1991): study XZ Germany West 1988 15+ aged, general public, Germany-West (former), 1988 N = 1008
Mean
= 3.080
SD
= 0.643
 Eurobarometer (1996): study DE Koln 1996 15+ aged general public, Koln region, Germany, 1996 N = 407
Mean
= 3.047
SD
= 0.643
 Eurobarometer (1991): study PT 1989 15+ aged, general public, Portugal, 1989 N = 1000
Mean
= 2.690
SD
= 0.643
 Eurobarometer (2011c): study GB 2010 15+ aged, general public, United Kingdom, 2010 N = 1316
Mean
= 3.310
SD
= 0.643
 Eurobarometer (2000a): study LU 2000 16+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 2000 N = 600
Mean
= 3.210
SD
= 0.643
 Eurobarometer (1991a): study DE West Germany 1991 /1 15+ aged, general public, West-Germany region, Germany, 1991 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.100
SD
= 0.643
 GESIS (2007): study FI Lappi 1990 18+ aged, general public, Lappi region, Finland, 1990-2002 N = 1217
Mean
= 3.113
SD
= 0.644
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 1997 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1997 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.384
SD
= 0.644
 Eurobarometer (1996): study GB Northern Ireland 1996 15+ aged, general public, Northern Ireland region, United Kingdom, 1996 N = 600
Mean
= 3.160
SD
= 0.644
 Eurobarometer (2021): study DK 2021 15+ Aged General Public, Denmark, 2021 N = 1010
Mean
= 3.380
SD
= 0.645
 Eurobarometer (1996): study FI Pohjois-Karjala 1996 15+ aged general public, Pohjois-Karjala region, Finland, 1996 N = 114
Mean
= 3.134
SD
= 0.645
 GESIS (2007): study IT Molisee Abruzzi 1990 18+ aged, general public, Molisee Abruzzi region, Italy, 1990-2002 N = 1362
Mean
= 2.934
SD
= 0.645
 Eurobarometer (1996): study PT Algarve (Faro) 1996 15+ aged, general public, Algarve (Faro) region, Portugal, 1996 N = 112
Mean
= 2.694
SD
= 0.645
 Eurobarometer (2009): study CZ 2009 12+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2009 N = 1094
Mean
= 2.940
SD
= 0.645
 Eurobarometer (2009): study SI 2009 12+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 2009 N = 1012
Mean
= 3.060
SD
= 0.645
 Eurobarometer (1995): study AT 1995 16+ aged, general public, Austria, 1995 N = 1014
Mean
= 3.240
SD
= 0.646
 Eurobarometer (2022): study IT 2022 15+ aged, Italy, 2022 N = 1000
Mean
= 2.730
SD
= 0.646
 Eurobarometer (2011c): study EE 2010 15+ aged, general public, Estonia, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 2.770
SD
= 0.646
 Eurobarometer (2014a): study MT 2014 15+ aged, general public, Malta, 2014 N = 506
Mean
= 3.230
SD
= 0.646
 Eurobarometer (1991a): study PT 1992 /1 15+ aged, general public, Portugal, 1992 N = 1000
Mean
= 2.730
SD
= 0.646
 Eurobarometer (1991a): study PT 1992 15+ aged, general public, Portugal, 1992 N = 1000
Mean
= 2.770
SD
= 0.646
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 1982 /1 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1982 N = 1056
Mean
= 3.394
SD
= 0.646
 Eurobarometer (2018a): study LV 2018 General public, 15+ aged, Latvia, 2018 N = 1000
Mean
= 2.869
SD
= 0.646
 Eurobarometer (1991a): study DE 1992 /1 15+ aged, general public, Germany, 1992 N = 2000
Mean
= 3.080
SD
= 0.646
 Eurobarometer (2011a): study DE 2011 15+ aged, general public, Germany, 2011 N = 1535
Mean
= 3.110
SD
= 0.646
 Eurobarometer (1986): study XZ Germany West 1986 15+ aged, general public, Germany-West (former), 1986 N = 987
Mean
= 3.110
SD
= 0.646
 Eurobarometer (2016a): study GB 2016 15+ aged, general public, United Kingdom, 2016 N = 1343
Mean
= 3.382
SD
= 0.647
 Eurobarometer (1986): study XZ Germany West 1979 15+ aged, general public, Germany-West (former), 1979 N = 1003
Mean
= 3.100
SD
= 0.647
 GESIS (2007): study GB North Yorkshire 1990 18+ aged, general public, North Yorkshire region, United Kingdom, 1990 N = 542
Mean
= 3.192
SD
= 0.647
 Eurobarometer (2001): study DE 2001 15+ aged, general public, Germany, 2001 N = 2086
Mean
= 2.960
SD
= 0.647
 Eurobarometer (2018): study FR 2018 15+ aged, general public, France, 2018 N = 1020
Mean
= 3.040
SD
= 0.647
 Eurobarometer (2011c): study SI 2010 15+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 2010 N = 1010
Mean
= 3.040
SD
= 0.647
 Eurobarometer (2012): study AT 2012 15+ aged, general public, Austria, 2012 N = 993
Mean
= 3.040
SD
= 0.647
 Eurobarometer (2010a): study AT 2009 12+ aged, general public, Austria, 2009 N = 1030
Mean
= 3.040
SD
= 0.647
 Eurobarometer (1996): study BE Limburg 1996 15+ aged general public, Limburg region, Belgium, 1996 N = 237
Mean
= 3.319
SD
= 0.647
 GESIS (2007): study PT PT Centro 1990 18+ aged, general public, PT Centro, Portugal, 1990-2002 N = 8732
Mean
= 2.689
SD
= 0.647
 Eurobarometer (2016a): study EE 2016 15+ aged, general public, Estonia, 2016 N = 1005
Mean
= 2.927
SD
= 0.647
 GESIS (2007): study DE Oberpfalz 1990 18+ aged, general public, Oberpfalz region, Germany, 1990-2002 N = 837
Mean
= 3.187
SD
= 0.648
 Eurobarometer (2019): study CZ 2019 15+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2019 N = 1004
Mean
= 3.020
SD
= 0.648
 Eurobarometer (2019): study EE 2019 General public, 15+ aged, Estonia, 2019 N = 1003
Mean
= 2.980
SD
= 0.648
 GESIS (2007): study DE Berlin 1990 18+ aged, general public, Berlin region, Germany, 1990-2002 N = 2006
Mean
= 2.939
SD
= 0.648
 Eurobarometer (2003a): study ES 2003 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 2003 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.000
SD
= 0.648
 Eurobarometer (1996): study DE Schleswig-Holstein 1996 15+ aged general public, Schleswig-Holstein region, Germany, 1996 N = 266
Mean
= 3.011
SD
= 0.648
 Eurobarometer (2021a): study LV 2021 15+ Aged General Public, Latvia, 2021 N = 1045
Mean
= 2.860
SD
= 0.648
 Eurobarometer (2012a): study DE 2012 15+ aged, general public, Germany, 2012 N = 1562
Mean
= 3.140
SD
= 0.648
 Eurobarometer (2010a): study DE 2009 12+ aged, general public, Germany, 2009 N = 1514
Mean
= 3.061
SD
= 0.649
 GESIS (2007): study FI Varsinais-Suomi-Egentliga 1990 18+ aged, general public, Varsinais-Suomi-Egentliga region, Finland, 1990-2002 N = 3013
Mean
= 3.084
SD
= 0.649
 Eurobarometer (1995): study BE 1995 16+ aged, general public, Belgium, 1995 N = 1056
Mean
= 3.104
SD
= 0.649
 Eurobarometer (2012): study LU 2012 15+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 2012 N = 507
Mean
= 3.330
SD
= 0.649
 Eurobarometer (2018a): study GB 2018 General public, 15+ aged, United Kingdom, 2018 N = 1015
Mean
= 3.330
SD
= 0.649
 GESIS (2007): study DE Nord Wurttemberg Stutgart 1990 18+ aged, general public, Nord Wurttemberg Stutgart region, Germany, 1990-2002 N = 2666
Mean
= 3.033
SD
= 0.649
 Eurobarometer (2004b): study NL 1975 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1975 N = 1093
Mean
= 3.254
SD
= 0.649
 Eurobarometer (2021): study LV 2021 15+ Aged General Public, Latvia, 2021 N = 1037
Mean
= 2.720
SD
= 0.649
 Eurobarometer (2015a): study EE 2015 15+ aged, general public, Estonia, 2015 N = 1004
Mean
= 2.910
SD
= 0.650
 Eurobarometer (2019a): study SK 2019 15+ aged, general public, , Slovakia, 2019 N = 1007
Mean
= 2.910
SD
= 0.650
 GESIS (2007): study SE Oestra Mellansverige 1990 18+ aged, general public, Oestra Mellansverige region, Sweden, 199