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Happiness Measures

Measures of Happiness: C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c

Characteristics

Code:
C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c
Focus:
Contentment: Best-Worst possible life (C-BW)
Time frame:
currently (today, these days, presently) (c)
Mode:
1 question (sq)
Scale Type:
ladder scale (l)
Scale Range:
11

Description

Self report on single question:

Here is ladder representing the 'ladder of life'. Let's suppose the top of the ladder represents the best possible life for you; and the bottom, the worst possible life for you. On which step of the ladder do you feel you personally stand at the present time?
10 best possible
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0 worst possible life

This question was followed (not preceded) by items on life 5 years ago and 5 years from now.

List of Studies Using this Measure

Study Population N Mean
Standard Deviation
Myers & Diener (2018): study ZZ adults, general, multiple nations, years unknown N = 0
Myers & Liu (2013): study US 2012 Veterans, United States, 2012 N = 48690
Mean
= 6.900
Vandersluis et al. (2016): study NL 2011 Transgender women who underwent secondary intestinal vaginoplasty between 1970-2000, Netherlands, 201? N = 9
Mean
= 7.900
SD
= 0.700
Bouman et al. (2016): study NL 2012 Trans women >1 year after vaginoplasty, Netherlands 2012 N = 27
Mean
= 8.000
Farhat et al. (2011): study US 2005 Tenth-graders, USA, 2006 N = 1465
Mean
= 7.320
Kilpatrick & Cantril (1960): study ZZ East-West pairs 1958 /1 Students, USA and India, 1958 N = 1160
Hendriks et al. (2018): study ZZ Various nation sets 2009 Migrants, Multiple nations, 2009-2016 N = 36000
Ivlevs et al. (2019): study ZZ World samples 2009 Intimates left behind after migration, Multiple nations, 2009 - 2011 N = 142468
Mean
= 5.500
SD
= 2.210
Blauw (2014a): study NL 2012 Female university students, members of a sorority, The Netherlands, followed 1 year 2012-2013 N = 170
Mean
= 7.680
SD
= 0.930
Graham & Nikolova (2018): study ZZ Latin America 2009 Emigrants, Latin America, Multiple nations, 2009-2016 N = 180000
Oliver et al. (1996): study ZZ Western nations 1993 Chronic mental patients, UK, USA, 1993-1994 N = 1430
Mean
= 5.600
SD
= 2.700
Kilpatrick & Cantril (1960): study US 1955 Adults, general public, USA, 195? N = 100
Mean
= 6.560
Pew Research Center (2002): study ZZ 2002 Adults, general public, 44 nations, 2002 N = 38263
Stevenson & Wolfers (2008): study ZZ World samples 2006 Adults, general public, 131 nations, 2006 N = 131000
Berg (2010): study ZZ 2000 Adults, general public, 119 countries, 2000-2006 N = 119
Cardenas et al. (2009): study ZZ Latin America 1995 Adults, Latin America, Multiple nations, 1995 - 2007 N = 20000
Brulé & Veenhoven (2012): study ZZ Europe 2000 Adults, 6 European nations, 2000-2009 N = 55000
Brulé & Veenhoven (2014a): study ZZ Developed nations 1997 Adolescents, 22 developed countries, 1997-2006 N = 102300
Tsurumi et al. (2018): study JP Tokyo 2014 20-83 aged, general public, Tokyo, Japan, 2014 N = 2758
Mean
= 6.190
SD
= 2.300
Flavin & Shufeldt (2017): study US 2010 18+ aged, general public, in 41 states of the USA, 2010-13 N = 10000
Pew Research Center (2002): study VN 2002 18+ aged, general public, Viet Nam, 2002 N = 772
Mean
= 6.478
SD
= 1.874
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study VE 2010 18+ aged, general public, Venezuela, 2010 N = 1500
Mean
= 6.562
SD
= 2.016
Pew Research Center (2007): study VE 2007 18+ aged, general public, Venezuela, 2007 N = 803
Mean
= 6.899
SD
= 1.998
Pew Research Center (2002): study VE 2002 18+ aged, general public, Venezuela, 2002 N = 700
Mean
= 6.362
SD
= 2.344
Pew Research Center (2002): study UZ 2002 18+ aged, general public, Uzbekistan, 2002 N = 700
Mean
= 5.906
SD
= 2.097
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study UY 2010 18+ aged, general public, Uruguay, 2010 N = 1500
Mean
= 6.248
SD
= 1.950
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study UY 2008 18+ aged, general public, Uruguay, 2008 N = 1500
Mean
= 6.333
SD
= 2.139
Witters & Agrawal (2021): study US 2020 /2 18+ aged, general public, United States, winter 2020 N = 0
Mean
= 6.210
Witters & Agrawal (2021): study US 2019 /1 18+ aged, general public, United States, winter 2019 N = 9000
Mean
= 5.820
Witters & Agrawal (2021): study US 2021 18+ aged, general public, United States, spring 2021 N = 4000
Mean
= 6.690
Witters & Agrawal (2021): study US 2020 18+ aged, general public, United States, spring 2020 N = 3000
Witters & Agrawal (2021): study US 2019 18+ aged, general public, United States, fall 2019 N = 9645
Mean
= 6.550
Witters & Agrawal (2021): study US 2021 /2 18+ aged, general public, United States, Summer 2021 N = 4820
Mean
= 6.900
Witters & Agrawal (2021): study US 2020 /1 18+ aged, general public, United States, Summer 2020 N = 2321
Mean
= 5.800
Witters & Agrawal (2021): study US 2021 /1 18+ aged, general public, United States, May 2021 N = 3731
Mean
= 6.690
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study US 2010 18+ aged, general public, United States, 2010 N = 1500
Mean
= 5.904
SD
= 2.177
Pew Research Center (2007): study US 2007 18+ aged, general public, United States, 2007 N = 2026
Mean
= 7.022
SD
= 1.930
DDB lifestyle survey (2000): study US 2005 18+ aged, general public, United States, 2005 N = 2203
Mean
= 6.741
SD
= 2.100
Pew Research Center (2002): study US 2002 18+ aged, general public, United States, 2002 N = 1501
Mean
= 6.914
SD
= 1.941
Pew Research Center (2007): study GB 2007 18+ aged, general public, United Kingdom, 2007 N = 1198
Mean
= 6.800
SD
= 1.850
Pew Research Center (2002): study GB 2002 18+ aged, general public, United Kingdom, 2002 N = 501
Mean
= 6.358
SD
= 1.969
Pew Research Center (2007): study UA 2007 18+ aged, general public, Ukraine, 2007 N = 500
Mean
= 5.440
SD
= 2.169
Pew Research Center (2002): study UA 2002 18+ aged, general public, Ukraine, 2002 N = 500
Mean
= 4.619
SD
= 2.121
Pew Research Center (2007): study UG 2007 18+ aged, general public, Uganda, 2007 N = 1122
Mean
= 4.005
SD
= 1.862
Pew Research Center (2002): study UG 2002 18+ aged, general public, Uganda, 2002 N = 1008
Mean
= 3.977
SD
= 2.190
Taylor (2008): study US 2008 /1 18+ aged, general public, USA,2008 N = 2413
Mean
= 6.500
Goff et al. (2016): study US 2008 18+ aged, general public, USA, 2008-2011 N = 1400000
Deaton & Arora (2009): study US 2008 18+ aged, general public, USA, 2008 N = 454065
Pew Research Center (2007): study TR 2007 18+ aged, general public, Turkey, 2007 N = 971
Mean
= 5.288
SD
= 2.198
Pew Research Center (2007): study TR 2005 18+ aged, general public, Turkey, 2005 N = 994
Mean
= 4.857
SD
= 2.229
Pew Research Center (2002): study TR 2002 18+ aged, general public, Turkey, 2002 N = 1005
Mean
= 4.635
SD
= 2.363
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study TT 2010 18+ aged, general public, Trinidad and Tobago, 2010 N = 1516
Mean
= 6.356
SD
= 2.000
Pew Research Center (2007): study TZ 2007 18+ aged, general public, Tanzania, 2007 N = 704
Mean
= 4.165
SD
= 1.920
Pew Research Center (2002): study TZ 2002 18+ aged, general public, Tanzania, 2002 N = 720
Mean
= 3.833
SD
= 1.961
Pew Research Center (2007): study SE 2007 18+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.063
SD
= 1.655
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study SR 2010 18+ aged, general public, Surinam, 2010 N = 1500
Mean
= 6.138
SD
= 1.843
Pew Research Center (2007): study ES 2007 18+ aged, general public, Spain, 2007 N = 994
Mean
= 6.990
SD
= 1.940
Pew Research Center (2007): study ZA 2007 18+ aged, general public, South Africa, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.504
SD
= 2.510
Pew Research Center (2002): study ZA 2002 18+ aged, general public, South Africa, 2002 N = 700
Mean
= 5.236
SD
= 2.566
Pew Research Center (2007): study SK 2007 18+ aged, general public, Slovakia, 2007 N = 900
Mean
= 5.855
SD
= 1.786
Pew Research Center (2002): study SK 2002 18+ aged, general public, Slovakia, 2002 N = 500
Mean
= 5.411
SD
= 1.916
Pew Research Center (2007): study SN 2007 18+ aged, general public, Senegal, 2007 N = 700
Mean
= 5.512
SD
= 1.685
RUSSET panel study (2005): study SN 2002 18+ aged, general public, Senegal, 2002 N = 710
Mean
= 5.344
SD
= 1.846
Pew Research Center (2007): study RU 2007 18+ aged, general public, Russia, 2007 N = 1002
Mean
= 5.082
SD
= 2.036
Pew Research Center (2007): study RU 2005 18+ aged, general public, Russia, 2005 N = 991
Mean
= 4.478
SD
= 2.144
Pew Research Center (2002): study RU 2002 18+ aged, general public, Russia, 2002 N = 1002
Mean
= 4.688
SD
= 2.044
Pew Research Center (2007): study PL 2007 18+ aged, general public, Poland, 2007 N = 504
Mean
= 5.913
SD
= 1.880
Pew Research Center (2002): study PL 2002 18+ aged, general public, Poland, 2002 N = 500
Mean
= 5.399
SD
= 1.927
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study PE 2010 18+ aged, general public, Peru, 2010 N = 994
Mean
= 5.610
SD
= 2.120
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study PE 2008 18+ aged, general public, Peru, 2008 N = 1500
Mean
= 5.613
SD
= 2.099
Pew Research Center (2007): study PE 2007 18+ aged, general public, Peru, 2007 N = 998
Mean
= 5.210
SD
= 2.250
Pew Research Center (2002): study PE 2002 18+ aged, general public, Peru, 2002 N = 711
Mean
= 5.734
SD
= 2.396
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study PY 2010 18+ aged, general public, Paraguay, 2010 N = 1502
Mean
= 6.053
SD
= 2.020
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study PY 2008 18+ aged, general public, Paraguay, 2008 N = 1165
Mean
= 5.510
SD
= 2.200
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study PA 2010 18+ aged, general public, Panama, 2010 N = 998
Mean
= 7.320
SD
= 1.990
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study PA 2008 18+ aged, general public, Panama, 2008 N = 1536
Mean
= 7.411
SD
= 2.061
Pew Research Center (2007): study PS 2007 18+ aged, general public, Palestina, 2007 N = 808
Mean
= 4.780
SD
= 2.470
Pew Research Center (2007): study PK 2007 18+ aged, general public, Pakistan, 2007 N = 1494
Mean
= 5.670
SD
= 2.540
Pew Research Center (2002): study PK 2002 18+ aged, general public, Pakistan, 2002 N = 2032
Mean
= 5.241
SD
= 2.329
Delhey & Kroll (2012): study ZZ OECD member states 2008 18+ aged, general public, OECD member states, 2008 N = 340000
Pew Research Center (2007): study NG 2007 18+ aged, general public, Nigeria, 2007 N = 987
Mean
= 4.890
SD
= 1.620
Pew Research Center (2002): study NG 2002 18+ aged, general public, Nigeria, 2002 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.842
SD
= 1.714
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study NI 2010 18+ aged, general public, Nicaragua, 2010 N = 990
Mean
= 5.680
SD
= 2.520
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study NI 2008 18+ aged, general public, Nicaragua, 2008 N = 1540
Mean
= 6.296
SD
= 2.721
Ott (2010): study ZZ 2006 /1 18+ aged, general public, Multiple nations, 2006 N = 1300000
Pew Research Center (2007): study MA 2007 18+ aged, general public, Morocco, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.285
SD
= 1.218
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study MX 2010 18+ aged, general public, Mexico, 2010 N = 1562
Mean
= 6.166
SD
= 2.279
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study MX 2008 18+ aged, general public, Mexico, 2008 N = 1560
Mean
= 7.118
SD
= 1.998
Pew Research Center (2007): study MX 2007 18+ aged, general public, Mexico, 2007 N = 999
Mean
= 6.520
SD
= 2.040
Pew Research Center (2002): study MX 2002 18+ aged, general public, Mexico, 2002 N = 996
Mean
= 6.807
SD
= 2.045
Pew Research Center (2007): study ML 2007 18+ aged, general public, Mali, 2007 N = 700
Mean
= 4.970
SD
= 1.537
Pew Research Center (2002): study ML 2002 18+ aged, general public, Mali, 2002 N = 697
Mean
= 4.554
SD
= 1.500
Pew Research Center (2007): study MY 2007 18+ aged, general public, Malaysia, 2007 N = 1227
Mean
= 6.230
SD
= 1.600
Pew Research Center (2002): study AO 2002 18+ aged, general public, Luanda area, Angola, 2002 N = 780
Mean
= 4.036
SD
= 1.977
Pew Research Center (2007): study LB 2007 18+ aged, general public, Lebanon, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.640
SD
= 2.430
Pew Research Center (2002): study LB 2002 18+ aged, general public, Lebanon, 2002 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.994
SD
= 2.007
Ruprah (2010): study ZZ Latin America 1997 18+ aged, general public, Latin America, 1997-2007 N = 147446
Mean
= 6.950
SD
= 1.600
Pew Research Center (2007): study KW 2007 18+ aged, general public, Kuwait, 2007 N = 500
Mean
= 6.184
SD
= 1.991
Pew Research Center (2007): study KR 2007 18+ aged, general public, Korea,(South), 2007 N = 988
Mean
= 5.760
SD
= 2.000
Pew Research Center (2002): study KR 2002 18+ aged, general public, Korea,(South), 2002 N = 719
Mean
= 6.444
SD
= 1.813
Pew Research Center (2007): study KE 2007 18+ aged, general public, Kenya, 2007 N = 999
Mean
= 4.570
SD
= 1.580
Pew Research Center (2002): study KE 2002 18+ aged, general public, Kenya, 2002 N = 658
Mean
= 4.862
SD
= 1.900
Pew Research Center (2007): study JO 2007 18+ aged, general public, Jordan, 2007 N = 1013
Mean
= 5.590
SD
= 2.090
Pew Research Center (2002): study JO 2002 18+ aged, general public, Jordan, 2002 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.360
SD
= 2.361
Pew Research Center (2007): study JP 2007 18+ aged, general public, Japan, 2007 N = 1149
Mean
= 6.230
SD
= 1.980
Pew Research Center (2002): study JP 2002 18+ aged, general public, Japan, 2002 N = 702
Mean
= 5.880
SD
= 1.831
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study JM 2010 18+ aged, general public, Jamaica, 2010 N = 1504
Mean
= 5.248
SD
= 2.533
Pew Research Center (2007): study IT 2007 18+ aged, general public, Italy, 2007 N = 999
Mean
= 6.570
SD
= 1.850
Pew Research Center (2002): study IT 2002 18+ aged, general public, Italy, 2002 N = 508
Mean
= 6.503
SD
= 1.780
Pew Research Center (2007): study IL 2007 18+ aged, general public, Israel, 2007 N = 982
Mean
= 6.840
SD
= 2.040
Pew Research Center (2007): study ID 2007 18+ aged, general public, Indonesia, 2007 N = 998
Mean
= 5.100
SD
= 1.490
Pew Research Center (2002): study ID 2002 18+ aged, general public, Indonesia, 2002 N = 1017
Mean
= 5.712
SD
= 1.563
Pew Research Center (2007): study IN 2007 18+ aged, general public, India, 2007 N = 3169
Mean
= 5.020
SD
= 1.620
Pew Research Center (2002): study IN 2002 18+ aged, general public, India, 2002 N = 2189
Mean
= 4.840
SD
= 1.984
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study HN 2010 18+ aged, general public, Honduras, 2010 N = 992
Mean
= 5.860
SD
= 2.680
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study HN 2008 18+ aged, general public, Honduras, 2008 N = 1522
Mean
= 7.085
SD
= 2.296
Pew Research Center (2002): study HN 2002 18+ aged, general public, Honduras, 2002 N = 506
Mean
= 6.828
SD
= 2.124
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study HT 2010 18+ aged, general public, Haiti, 2010 N = 503
Mean
= 3.760
SD
= 1.550
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study GY 2010 18+ aged, general public, Guyana, 2010 N = 1540
Mean
= 5.877
SD
= 2.274
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study GY 2008 18+ aged, general public, Guyana, 2008 N = 2505
Mean
= 6.482
SD
= 2.153
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study GT 2010 18+ aged, general public, Guatemala, 2010 N = 1504
Mean
= 6.139
SD
= 2.206
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study GT 2008 18+ aged, general public, Guatemala, 2008 N = 1538
Mean
= 6.841
SD
= 2.255
Pew Research Center (2002): study GT 2002 18+ aged, general public, Guatemala, 2002 N = 500
Mean
= 7.333
SD
= 1.908
Pew Research Center (2007): study GH 2007 18+ aged, general public, Ghana, 2007 N = 990
Mean
= 5.220
SD
= 1.940
Pew Research Center (2002): study GH 2002 18+ aged, general public, Ghana, 2002 N = 702
Mean
= 4.482
SD
= 1.669
Pew Research Center (2007): study DE 2007 18+ aged, general public, Germany, 2007 N = 1211
Mean
= 6.410
SD
= 1.860
Pew Research Center (2002): study DE 2002 18+ aged, general public, Germany, 2002 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.264
SD
= 1.867
Pew Research Center (2007): study FR 2007 18+ aged, general public, France, 2007 N = 1195
Mean
= 6.580
SD
= 1.800
Pew Research Center (2002): study FR 2002 18+ aged, general public, France, 2002 N = 507
Mean
= 6.495
SD
= 1.560
Pew Research Center (2007): study ET 2007 18+ aged, general public, Ethiopia, 2007 N = 710
Mean
= 5.852
SD
= 1.713
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study SV 2010 18+ aged, general public, El Salvador, 2010 N = 1550
Mean
= 5.328
SD
= 2.311
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study SV 2008 18+ aged, general public, El Salvador, 2008 N = 1549
Mean
= 5.944
SD
= 2.703
Pew Research Center (2007): study EG 2007 18+ aged, general public, Egypt, 2007 N = 1022
Mean
= 5.540
SD
= 2.600
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study EC 2010 18+ aged, general public, Ecuador, 2010 N = 998
Mean
= 5.830
SD
= 1.940
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study EC 2008 18+ aged, general public, Ecuador, 2008 N = 3000
Mean
= 6.641
SD
= 2.091
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study DO 2010 18+ aged, general public, Dominican Republic, 2010 N = 1500
Mean
= 5.296
SD
= 2.905
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study DO 2008 18+ aged, general public, Dominican Republic, 2008 N = 982
Mean
= 4.840
SD
= 3.100
Pew Research Center (2007): study CZ 2007 18+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2007 N = 900
Mean
= 6.048
SD
= 1.782
Pew Research Center (2002): study CZ 2002 18+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2002 N = 500
Mean
= 5.958
SD
= 1.696
Pew Research Center (2007): study CI 2007 18+ aged, general public, Cote d Ivoire, 2007 N = 708
Mean
= 5.748
SD
= 1.809
Pew Research Center (2002): study CI 2002 18+ aged, general public, Cote d Ivoire, 2002 N = 708
Mean
= 5.425
SD
= 1.935
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study CR 2010 18+ aged, general public, Costa Rica, 2010 N = 1001
Mean
= 7.270
SD
= 1.940
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study CR 2008 18+ aged, general public, Costa Rica, 2008 N = 1500
Mean
= 7.589
SD
= 2.216
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study CO 2010 18+ aged, general public, Colombia, 2010 N = 997
Mean
= 6.400
SD
= 2.560
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study CO 2009 18+ aged, general public, Colombia, 2009 N = 995
Mean
= 6.270
SD
= 2.460
Easterlin et al. (2012): study CN 2011 18+ aged, general public, China, 2011 N = 4170
Mean
= 5.030
SD
= 1.880
Easterlin et al. (2012): study CN 2010 18+ aged, general public, China, 2010 N = 4114
Mean
= 4.650
SD
= 1.880
Easterlin et al. (2012): study CN 2010 /1 18+ aged, general public, China, 2010 N = 3000
Mean
= 5.850
Easterlin et al. (2012): study CN 2009 18+ aged, general public, China, 2009 N = 4188
Mean
= 4.450
SD
= 1.820
Easterlin et al. (2012): study CN 2008 18+ aged, general public, China, 2008 N = 4365
Mean
= 4.840
SD
= 1.800
Pew Research Center (2007): study CN 2007 18+ aged, general public, China, 2007 N = 3142
Mean
= 5.819
SD
= 1.745
Easterlin et al. (2012): study CN 2007 18+ aged, general public, China, 2007 N = 3500
Mean
= 4.290
Easterlin et al. (2012): study CN 2006 /2 18+ aged, general public, China, 2006 N = 3500
Mean
= 3.960
Easterlin et al. (2012): study CN 2004 /2 18+ aged, general public, China, 2004 N = 3500
Mean
= 4.500
Pew Research Center (2002): study CN 2002 18+ aged, general public, China, 2002 N = 3000
Mean
= 5.265
SD
= 1.980
Easterlin et al. (2012): study CN 1999 /2 18+ aged, general public, China, 1999 N = 3500
Mean
= 4.110
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study CL 2010 18+ aged, general public, Chile , 2010 N = 1965
Mean
= 6.150
SD
= 1.945
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study CL 2008 18+ aged, general public, Chile , 2008 N = 1527
Mean
= 6.393
SD
= 1.925
Pew Research Center (2007): study CL 2007 18+ aged, general public, Chile , 2007 N = 1023
Mean
= 5.690
SD
= 2.160
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study CA 2010 18+ aged, general public, Canada, 2010 N = 1499
Mean
= 6.257
SD
= 2.002
Pew Research Center (2007): study CA 2007 18+ aged, general public, Canada, 2007 N = 1008
Mean
= 7.480
SD
= 1.810
Pew Research Center (2002): study CA 2002 18+ aged, general public, Canada, 2002 N = 500
Mean
= 7.003
SD
= 1.721
Pew Research Center (2002): study EG Cairo (Al Qāhirah) 2002 18+ aged, general public, Cairo (Al Qāhirah), Egypt, 2002 N = 1013
Mean
= 6.332
SD
= 1.755
Pew Research Center (2002): study BG 2002 18+ aged, general public, Bulgaria, 2002 N = 514
Mean
= 3.752
SD
= 1.984
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study BR 2010 18+ aged, general public, Brazil, 2010 N = 2482
Mean
= 7.053
SD
= 1.986
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study BR 2008 18+ aged, general public, Brazil, 2008 N = 1028
Mean
= 6.690
SD
= 2.260
Pew Research Center (2007): study BR 2007 18+ aged, general public, Brazil, 2007 N = 1024
Mean
= 6.320
SD
= 2.240
Pew Research Center (2002): study BR 2002 18+ aged, general public, Brazil, 2002 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.114
SD
= 2.366
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study BO 2010 18+ aged, general public, Bolivia, 2010 N = 3018
Mean
= 5.895
SD
= 1.669
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study BO 2008 18+ aged, general public, Bolivia, 2008 N = 3003
Mean
= 5.882
SD
= 1.982
Pew Research Center (2007): study BO 2007 18+ aged, general public, Bolivia, 2007 N = 970
Mean
= 5.620
SD
= 1.940
Pew Research Center (2002): study BO 2002 18+ aged, general public, Bolivia, 2002 N = 782
Mean
= 5.474
SD
= 2.110
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study BZ 2010 18+ aged, general public, Belize, 2010 N = 1504
Mean
= 5.336
SD
= 2.525
Pew Research Center (2007): study BD 2007 18+ aged, general public, Bangladesh, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.600
SD
= 1.790
Pew Research Center (2002): study BD 2002 18+ aged, general public, Bangladesh, 2002 N = 689
Mean
= 4.486
SD
= 1.845
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study AR 2010 18+ aged, general public, Argentina, 2010 N = 1410
Mean
= 6.440
SD
= 2.100
Latin American Public Opinion Project (2010): study AR 2008 18+ aged, general public, Argentina, 2008 N = 1486
Mean
= 6.196
SD
= 1.799
Pew Research Center (2007): study AR 2007 18+ aged, general public, Argentina, 2007 N = 800
Mean
= 6.070
SD
= 2.030
Pew Research Center (2002): study AR 2002 18+ aged, general public, Argentina, 2002 N = 814
Mean
= 5.991
SD
= 2.404
Campbell & Porquet (2014): study ZZ EU 27 2010 18+ aged, general public, 27 EU nations, 2010 N = 26723
Goff et al. (2016): study ZZ 2008 18+ aged, general public, 160 nations, 2008-2014 N = 1430000
Mean
= 5.450
SD
= 1.940
Helliwell et al. (2018): study ZZ World samples 2005 18+ aged, general public, 157 nations, followed 7 years, 2005-2012 N = 157
Mean
= 5.460
SD
= 1.110
Kasmaoui & Bourhaba (2017): study ZZ 2006 18+ aged, general public, 132 nations, 2006 N = 1320000
Mean
= 5.450
SD
= 1.100
Ott (2011): study ZZ 2006 18+ aged, general public, 130 nations, 2006 N = 130000
Michalos & Hatch (2020): study ZZ 2007 18+ aged, general public, 105 nations, 2018 N = 105
Pew Research Center (2007): study PK 2005 18+ aged, Urban areas, general public, Pakistan, 2005 N = 1218
Mean
= 5.169
SD
= 2.103
Pew Research Center (2007): study IN 2005 18+ aged, Urban areas, general public, India, 2005 N = 2038
Mean
= 5.869
SD
= 1.861
Pew Research Center (2007): study CN 2005 18+ aged, Urban areas, general public, China, 2005 N = 2166
Mean
= 5.528
SD
= 1.902
Helliwell et al. (2014): study US 2004 18+ aged general public, urban areas, USA, 2008-2011 N = 952433
Slag (2017): study KR 2006 18+ aged general public, South Korea, 2006-2015 N = 10000
Mean
= 5.640
Tay et al. (2017a): study US 2012 18+ aged employed collage graduates with Internet access, USA, 201? N = 2781
Mean
= 6.930
SD
= 1.530
Moller & Roberts (2017): study ZA 2012 16+ aged general public, South Africa, 2012 N = 3000
Mean
= 5.430
Lovo (2014): study ZZ Europe 2008 15+ general public, 25 European countries, 2008-2011 N = 80000
Mean
= 6.870
Gallup (2008a): study CU 2006 15+ aged, general public, urban areas, Cuba, 2006 N = 994
Mean
= 5.410
SD
= 2.130
Gallup (2008a): study AO 2006 15+ aged, general public, urban areas, Angola, 2006 N = 974
Mean
= 4.150
SD
= 1.860
Gallup (2008a): study MM 2006 15+ aged, general public, urban areas, Myanmar, 2006 N = 1047
Mean
= 5.320
SD
= 1.460
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZW 2016 15+ aged, general public, Zimbabwe, 2016 N = 982
Mean
= 3.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZW 2015 /2 15+ aged, general public, Zimbabwe, 2015 N = 996
Mean
= 3.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZW 2014 15+ aged, general public, Zimbabwe, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZW 2013 15+ aged, general public, Zimbabwe, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZW 2012 15+ aged, general public, Zimbabwe, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.000
Gallup (2009a): study ZW 2010 15+ aged, general public, Zimbabwe, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.680
SD
= 1.510
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZW 2011 15+ aged, general public, Zimbabwe, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZW 2010 15+ aged, general public, Zimbabwe, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZW 2009 15+ aged, general public, Zimbabwe, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.100
Gallup (2008a): study ZW 2008 15+ aged, general public, Zimbabwe, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.170
SD
= 1.680
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZW 2008 15+ aged, general public, Zimbabwe, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZW 2007 15+ aged, general public, Zimbabwe, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.300
Gallup (2008a): study ZW 2006 15+ aged, general public, Zimbabwe, 2006 N = 994
Mean
= 3.820
SD
= 2.010
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZW 2006 15+ aged, general public, Zimbabwe, 2006 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZM 2016 15+ aged, general public, Zambia, 2016 N = 965
Mean
= 4.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZM 2014 15+ aged, general public, Zambia, 2014 N = 999
Mean
= 4.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZM 2014 /1 15+ aged, general public, Zambia, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZM 2013 15+ aged, general public, Zambia, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZM 2012 15+ aged, general public, Zambia, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.000
Gallup (2009a): study ZM 2009 15+ aged, general public, Zambia, 2011 N = 994
Mean
= 5.260
SD
= 1.880
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZM 2011 15+ aged, general public, Zambia, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZM 2009 15+ aged, general public, Zambia, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.300
Gallup (2008a): study ZM 2008 15+ aged, general public, Zambia, 2008 N = 999
Mean
= 4.730
SD
= 1.860
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZM 2008 15+ aged, general public, Zambia, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZM 2007 15+ aged, general public, Zambia, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.000
Gallup (2008a): study ZM 2006 15+ aged, general public, Zambia, 2006 N = 999
Mean
= 4.820
SD
= 1.890
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZM 2006 15+ aged, general public, Zambia, 2006 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study YE 2016 15+ aged, general public, Yemen, 2016 N = 997
Mean
= 3.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study YE 2015 15+ aged, general public, Yemen, 2015 N = 992
Mean
= 3.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study YE 2014 15+ aged, general public, Yemen, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study YE 2013 15+ aged, general public, Yemen, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study YE 2012 15+ aged, general public, Yemen, 2012 N = 2000
Mean
= 4.100
Gallup (2009a): study YE 2010 15+ aged, general public, Yemen, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.350
SD
= 2.240
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study YE 2011 15+ aged, general public, Yemen, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study YE 2010 15+ aged, general public, Yemen, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study YE 2009 15+ aged, general public, Yemen, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.800
Gallup (2008a): study YE 2007 15+ aged, general public, Yemen, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.500
Gallup (2008a): study YE 2006 15+ aged, general public, Yemen, 2006 N = 998
Mean
= 4.570
SD
= 1.930
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study YE 2006 15+ aged, general public, Yemen, 2006 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.500
SD
= 1.900
Gallup (2009a): study ZZ 2011 15+ aged, general public, WORLD, 2011 N = 420000
Mean
= 5.332
SD
= 2.119
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study VN 2016 15+ aged, general public, Viet Nam, 2016 N = 1021
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study VN 2015 15+ aged, general public, Viet Nam, 2015 N = 947
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study VN 2014 15+ aged, general public, Viet Nam, 2014 N = 943
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study VN 2014 /1 15+ aged, general public, Viet Nam, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study VN 2013 15+ aged, general public, Viet Nam, 2013 N = 1017
Mean
= 5.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study VN 2012 15+ aged, general public, Viet Nam, 2012 N = 2000
Mean
= 5.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study VN 2011 15+ aged, general public, Viet Nam, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study VN 2010 15+ aged, general public, Viet Nam, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study VN 2009 15+ aged, general public, Viet Nam, 2009 N = 1008
Mean
= 5.300
Gallup (2008a): study VN 2008 15+ aged, general public, Viet Nam, 2008 N = 990
Mean
= 5.480
SD
= 1.350
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study VN 2008 15+ aged, general public, Viet Nam, 2008 N = 1016
Mean
= 5.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study VN 2007 15+ aged, general public, Viet Nam, 2007 N = 1018
Mean
= 5.400
Gallup (2008a): study VN 2006 15+ aged, general public, Viet Nam, 2006 N = 948
Mean
= 5.290
SD
= 1.350
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study VN 2006 15+ aged, general public, Viet Nam, 2006 N = 1023
Mean
= 5.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study VE 2016 15+ aged, general public, Venezuela, 2016 N = 995
Mean
= 4.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study VE 2015 15+ aged, general public, Venezuela, 2015 N = 994
Mean
= 5.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study VE 2014 15+ aged, general public, Venezuela, 2014 N = 993
Mean
= 6.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study VE 2014 /1 15+ aged, general public, Venezuela, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study VE 2013 15+ aged, general public, Venezuela, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study VE 2012 15+ aged, general public, Venezuela, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.100
Gallup (2009a): study VE 2011 15+ aged, general public, Venezuela, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.570
SD
= 2.290
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study VE 2011 15+ aged, general public, Venezuela, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study VE 2010 15+ aged, general public, Venezuela, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study VE 2009 15+ aged, general public, Venezuela, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study VE 2008 15+ aged, general public, Venezuela, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study VE 2007 15+ aged, general public, Venezuela, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.500
Gallup (2008a): study VE 2006 /1 15+ aged, general public, Venezuela, 2006 N = 992
Mean
= 7.160
SD
= 2.530
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study VE 2006 15+ aged, general public, Venezuela, 2006 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UZ 2015 15+ aged, general public, Uzbekistan, 2015 N = 991
Mean
= 6.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UZ 2014 15+ aged, general public, Uzbekistan, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UZ 2013 15+ aged, general public, Uzbekistan, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UZ 2012 15+ aged, general public, Uzbekistan, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.000
Gallup (2009a): study UZ 2011 15+ aged, general public, Uzbekistan, 2011 N = 990
Mean
= 5.730
SD
= 1.820
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UZ 2011 15+ aged, general public, Uzbekistan, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UZ 2010 15+ aged, general public, Uzbekistan, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UZ 2009 15+ aged, general public, Uzbekistan, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.300
Gallup (2008a): study UZ 2008 15+ aged, general public, Uzbekistan, 2008 N = 960
Mean
= 5.310
SD
= 1.820
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UZ 2008 15+ aged, general public, Uzbekistan, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.300
Gallup (2008a): study UZ 2006 15+ aged, general public, Uzbekistan, 2006 N = 979
Mean
= 5.230
SD
= 1.910
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UZ 2006 15+ aged, general public, Uzbekistan, 2006 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UZ 2016 15+ aged, general public, Uzbekistan N = 976
Mean
= 5.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UY 2015 15+ aged, general public, Uruguay, 2015 N = 995
Mean
= 6.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UY 2014 15+ aged, general public, Uruguay, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UY 2013 15+ aged, general public, Uruguay, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.600
SD
= 1.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UY 2012 15+ aged, general public, Uruguay, 2012 N = 1009
Mean
= 6.400
Gallup (2009a): study UY 2011 15+ aged, general public, Uruguay, 2011 N = 974
Mean
= 6.550
SD
= 2.170
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UY 2011 15+ aged, general public, Uruguay, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UY 2010 15+ aged, general public, Uruguay, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UY 2009 15+ aged, general public, Uruguay, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.300
Gallup (2008a): study UY 2008 15+ aged, general public, Uruguay, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.660
SD
= 2.240
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UY 2008 15+ aged, general public, Uruguay, 2008 N = 1005
Mean
= 5.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UY 2007 15+ aged, general public, Uruguay, 2007 N = 1004
Mean
= 5.700
Gallup (2008a): study UY 2006 15+ aged, general public, Uruguay, 2006 N = 1001
Mean
= 5.780
SD
= 2.210
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UY 2006 15+ aged, general public, Uruguay, 2006 N = 1004
Mean
= 5.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UY 2016 15+ aged, general public, Uruguay N = 988
Mean
= 6.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study US 2015 15+ aged, general public, United States, 2015 N = 2038
Mean
= 6.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study US 2014 15+ aged, general public, United States, 2014 N = 1027
Mean
= 7.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study US 2013 15+ aged, general public, United States, 2013 N = 1005
Mean
= 7.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study US 2012 15+ aged, general public, United States, 2012 N = 1019
Mean
= 7.000
Gallup (2009a): study US 2010 15+ aged, general public, United States, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.160
SD
= 2.180
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study US 2011 15+ aged, general public, United States, 2011 N = 872
Mean
= 7.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study US 2010 15+ aged, general public, United States, 2010 N = 1005
Mean
= 7.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study US 2009 15+ aged, general public, United States, 2009 N = 1003
Mean
= 7.200
Gallup (2008a): study US 2008 15+ aged, general public, United States, 2008 N = 1002
Mean
= 7.280
SD
= 1.770
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study US 2008 15+ aged, general public, United States, 2008 N = 1004
Mean
= 7.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study US 2007 15+ aged, general public, United States, 2007 N = 1225
Mean
= 7.500
Gallup (2008a): study US 2006 15+ aged, general public, United States, 2006 N = 995
Mean
= 7.180
SD
= 1.870
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study US 2006 15+ aged, general public, United States, 2006 N = 1001
Mean
= 7.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study US 2016 15+ aged, general public, United States of America, 2016 N = 1026
Mean
= 6.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study GB 2016 15+ aged, general public, United Kingdom, 2016 N = 998
Mean
= 6.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study GB 2015 15+ aged, general public, United Kingdom, 2015 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study GB 2014 15+ aged, general public, United Kingdom, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study GB 2013 15+ aged, general public, United Kingdom, 2013 N = 750
Mean
= 6.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study GB 2012 15+ aged, general public, United Kingdom, 2012 N = 13408
Mean
= 6.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study GB 2011 15+ aged, general public, United Kingdom, 2011 N = 9239
Mean
= 6.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study GB 2010 15+ aged, general public, United Kingdom, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study GB 2009 15+ aged, general public, United Kingdom, 2009 N = 1002
Mean
= 6.900
Gallup (2008a): study GB 2008 15+ aged, general public, United Kingdom, 2008 N = 990
Mean
= 6.980
SD
= 1.740
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study GB 2008 15+ aged, general public, United Kingdom, 2008 N = 1001
Mean
= 7.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study GB 2007 15+ aged, general public, United Kingdom, 2007 N = 1204
Mean
= 6.800
Gallup (2008a): study GB 2006 15+ aged, general public, United Kingdom, 2006 N = 1032
Mean
= 6.970
SD
= 1.630
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study GB 2006 15+ aged, general public, United Kingdom, 2006 N = 1037
Mean
= 7.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study AE 2016 15+ aged, general public, United Arab Emirates, 2016 N = 1836
Mean
= 6.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study AE 2015 /1 15+ aged, general public, United Arab Emirates, 2015 N = 1885
Mean
= 6.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study AE 2014 15+ aged, general public, United Arab Emirates, 2014 N = 1005
Mean
= 6.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study AE 2014 /1 15+ aged, general public, United Arab Emirates, 2014 N = 1005
Mean
= 6.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study AE 2013 15+ aged, general public, United Arab Emirates, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study AE 2012 15+ aged, general public, United Arab Emirates, 2012 N = 2016
Mean
= 7.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study AE 2011 15+ aged, general public, United Arab Emirates, 2011 N = 2036
Mean
= 7.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study AE 2010 15+ aged, general public, United Arab Emirates, 2010 N = 1037
Mean
= 7.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study AE 2009 15+ aged, general public, United Arab Emirates, 2009 N = 1013
Mean
= 6.900
Gallup (2008a): study AE 2006 15+ aged, general public, United Arab Emirates, 2006 N = 1008
Mean
= 6.730
SD
= 1.850
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study AE 2006 15+ aged, general public, United Arab Emirates, 2006 N = 1013
Mean
= 6.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UA 2016 15+ aged, general public, Ukraine, 2016 N = 990
Mean
= 4.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UA 2015 15+ aged, general public, Ukraine, 2015 N = 967
Mean
= 4.000
Bikus (2015): study UA 2015 /1 15+ aged, general public, Ukraine, 2015 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UA 2014 15+ aged, general public, Ukraine, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UA 2013 15+ aged, general public, Ukraine, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UA 2012 15+ aged, general public, Ukraine, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.000
Gallup (2009a): study UA 2011 15+ aged, general public, Ukraine, 2011 N = 987
Mean
= 5.080
SD
= 2.050
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UA 2011 15+ aged, general public, Ukraine, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UA 2010 15+ aged, general public, Ukraine, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UA 2009 15+ aged, general public, Ukraine, 2009 N = 1081
Mean
= 5.200
Gallup (2008a): study UA 2008 15+ aged, general public, Ukraine, 2008 N = 1040
Mean
= 5.170
SD
= 1.970
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UA 2008 15+ aged, general public, Ukraine, 2008 N = 1074
Mean
= 5.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UA 2007 15+ aged, general public, Ukraine, 2007 N = 1066
Mean
= 5.300
Gallup (2008a): study UA 2006 15+ aged, general public, Ukraine, 2006 N = 1077
Mean
= 4.880
SD
= 1.960
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UA 2006 15+ aged, general public, Ukraine, 2006 N = 1102
Mean
= 4.800
SD
= 2.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UG 2016 15+ aged, general public, Uganda, 2016 N = 992
Mean
= 4.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UG 2014 15+ aged, general public, Uganda, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UG 2013 15+ aged, general public, Uganda, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UG 2012 15+ aged, general public, Uganda, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.300
Gallup (2009a): study UG 2011 15+ aged, general public, Uganda, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.820
SD
= 2.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UG 2011 15+ aged, general public, Uganda, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UG 2010 15+ aged, general public, Uganda, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UG 2009 15+ aged, general public, Uganda, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.600
Gallup (2008a): study UG 2008 15+ aged, general public, Uganda, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.560
SD
= 1.530
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UG 2008 15+ aged, general public, Uganda, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UG 2007 15+ aged, general public, Uganda, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.500
Gallup (2008a): study UG 2006 15+ aged, general public, Uganda, 2006 N = 995
Mean
= 3.730
SD
= 1.820
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study UG 2006 15+ aged, general public, Uganda, 2006 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.700
Gallup World View (2012): study US 2012 15+ aged, general public, USA N = 1000
Mean
= 7.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TM 2016 15+ aged, general public, Turkmenistan, 2016 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TM 2015 15+ aged, general public, Turkmenistan, 2015 N = 998
Mean
= 5.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TM 2014 15+ aged, general public, Turkmenistan, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TM 2013 15+ aged, general public, Turkmenistan, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TM 2012 15+ aged, general public, Turkmenistan, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.500
Gallup (2009a): study TM 2009 15+ aged, general public, Turkmenistan, 2011 N = 983
Mean
= 6.560
SD
= 1.740
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TM 2011 15+ aged, general public, Turkmenistan, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TM 2009 15+ aged, general public, Turkmenistan, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TR 2016 15+ aged, general public, Turkey, 2016 N = 995
Mean
= 5.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TR 2015 15+ aged, general public, Turkey, 2015 N = 990
Mean
= 5.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TR 2014 15+ aged, general public, Turkey, 2014 N = 1001
Mean
= 5.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TR 2013 15+ aged, general public, Turkey, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TR 2012 15+ aged, general public, Turkey, 2012 N = 2000
Mean
= 5.300
Gallup (2009a): study TR 2010 15+ aged, general public, Turkey, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.490
SD
= 2.040
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TR 2011 15+ aged, general public, Turkey, 2011 N = 1001
Mean
= 5.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TR 2010 15+ aged, general public, Turkey, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TR 2009 15+ aged, general public, Turkey, 2009 N = 999
Mean
= 5.200
Gallup (2008a): study TR 2008 15+ aged, general public, Turkey, 2008 N = 994
Mean
= 5.110
SD
= 2.360
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TR 2008 15+ aged, general public, Turkey, 2008 N = 1004
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TR 2007 15+ aged, general public, Turkey, 2007 N = 1001
Mean
= 5.600
SD
= 2.100
Gallup (2008a): study TR 2006 15+ aged, general public, Turkey, 2006 N = 980
Mean
= 4.710
SD
= 2.340
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TR 2006 15+ aged, general public, Turkey, 2006 N = 995
Mean
= 4.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TN 2016 15+ aged, general public, Tunisia, 2016 N = 993
Mean
= 4.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TN 2015 15+ aged, general public, Tunisia, 2015 N = 997
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TN 2009 15+ aged, general public, Tunisia, 2015 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TN 2014 15+ aged, general public, Tunisia, 2014 N = 1056
Mean
= 4.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TN 2013 15+ aged, general public, Tunisia, 2013 N = 1053
Mean
= 5.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TN 2012 15+ aged, general public, Tunisia, 2012 N = 2053
Mean
= 4.500
Gallup (2009a): study TN 2010 15+ aged, general public, Tunisia, 2011 N = 2083
Mean
= 5.130
SD
= 1.510
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TN 2011 15+ aged, general public, Tunisia, 2011 N = 2034
Mean
= 4.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TN 2010 15+ aged, general public, Tunisia, 2010 N = 1059
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TT 2013 15+ aged, general public, Trinidad and Tobago, 2013 N = 504
Mean
= 6.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TT 2011 15+ aged, general public, Trinidad and Tobago, 2011 N = 504
Mean
= 6.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TT 2008 15+ aged, general public, Trinidad and Tobago, 2008 N = 502
Mean
= 6.700
Gallup (2008a): study TT 2006 15+ aged, general public, Trinidad and Tobago, 2006 N = 505
Mean
= 5.830
SD
= 2.390
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TT 2006 15+ aged, general public, Trinidad and Tobago, 2006 N = 508
Mean
= 5.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TG 2016 15+ aged, general public, Togo, 2016 N = 993
Mean
= 3.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TG 2015 15+ aged, general public, Togo, 2015 N = 990
Mean
= 3.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TG 2014 15+ aged, general public, Togo, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 2.800
Gallup (2009a): study TG 2008 /1 15+ aged, general public, Togo, 2011 N = 974
Mean
= 2.800
SD
= 1.730
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TG 2011 15+ aged, general public, Togo, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 2.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TG 2008 15+ aged, general public, Togo, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 2.800
Gallup (2008a): study TG 2006 15+ aged, general public, Togo, 2006 N = 999
Mean
= 3.240
SD
= 1.730
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TG 2006 15+ aged, general public, Togo, 2006 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TH 2016 15+ aged, general public, Thailand, 2016 N = 962
Mean
= 6.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TH 2015 15+ aged, general public, Thailand, 2015 N = 993
Mean
= 6.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TH 2014 15+ aged, general public, Thailand, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TH 2013 15+ aged, general public, Thailand, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TH 2012 15+ aged, general public, Thailand, 2012 N = 2000
Mean
= 6.300
Gallup (2009a): study TH 2010 15+ aged, general public, Thailand, 2011 N = 998
Mean
= 6.210
SD
= 1.710
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TH 2011 15+ aged, general public, Thailand, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TH 2010 15+ aged, general public, Thailand, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TH 2009 15+ aged, general public, Thailand, 2009 N = 1019
Mean
= 5.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TH 2008 15+ aged, general public, Thailand, 2008 N = 1038
Mean
= 5.600
Gallup (2008a): study TH 2007 /1 15+ aged, general public, Thailand, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.780
SD
= 1.670
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TH 2007 15+ aged, general public, Thailand, 2007 N = 1006
Mean
= 5.800
Gallup (2008a): study TH 2006 15+ aged, general public, Thailand, 2006 N = 1405
Mean
= 5.960
SD
= 1.670
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TH 2006 15+ aged, general public, Thailand, 2006 N = 1410
Mean
= 5.900
SD
= 1.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TZ 2016 15+ aged, general public, Tanzania, 2016 N = 998
Mean
= 2.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TZ 2015 15+ aged, general public, Tanzania, 2015 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TZ 2014 15+ aged, general public, Tanzania, 2014 N = 1008
Mean
= 3.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TZ 2013 15+ aged, general public, Tanzania, 2013 N = 1008
Mean
= 3.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TZ 2012 15+ aged, general public, Tanzania, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.000
Gallup (2009a): study TZ 2011 15+ aged, general public, Tanzania, 2011 N = 999
Mean
= 4.070
SD
= 1.880
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TZ 2011 15+ aged, general public, Tanzania, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TZ 2010 15+ aged, general public, Tanzania, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TZ 2009 15+ aged, general public, Tanzania, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TZ 2008 15+ aged, general public, Tanzania, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.400
Gallup (2008a): study TZ 2007 15+ aged, general public, Tanzania, 2007 N = 994
Mean
= 4.310
SD
= 1.880
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TZ 2007 15+ aged, general public, Tanzania, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.300
Gallup (2008a): study TZ 2006 15+ aged, general public, Tanzania, 2006 N = 959
Mean
= 3.660
SD
= 1.720
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TZ 2006 15+ aged, general public, Tanzania, 2006 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TJ 2016 15+ aged, general public, Tajikistan, 2016 N = 995
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TJ 2015 15+ aged, general public, Tajikistan, 2015 N = 999
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TJ 2015 /1 15+ aged, general public, Tajikistan, 2015 N = 999
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TJ 2014 15+ aged, general public, Tajikistan, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TJ 2013 15+ aged, general public, Tajikistan, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TJ 2012 15+ aged, general public, Tajikistan, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.500
Gallup (2009a): study TJ 2010 15+ aged, general public, Tajikistan, 2011 N = 982
Mean
= 4.380
SD
= 1.280
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TJ 2011 15+ aged, general public, Tajikistan, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TJ 2010 15+ aged, general public, Tajikistan, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TJ 2009 15+ aged, general public, Tajikistan, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TJ 2008 15+ aged, general public, Tajikistan, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.100
Gallup (2008a): study TJ 2007 15+ aged, general public, Tajikistan, 2007 N = 996
Mean
= 4.430
SD
= 1.590
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TJ 2007 15+ aged, general public, Tajikistan, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.400
Gallup (2008a): study TJ 2006 15+ aged, general public, Tajikistan, 2006 N = 989
Mean
= 4.570
SD
= 1.560
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TJ 2006 15+ aged, general public, Tajikistan, 2006 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TW 2016 15+ aged, general public, Taiwan, 2016 N = 990
Mean
= 6.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TW 2015 15+ aged, general public, Taiwan, 2015 N = 996
Mean
= 6.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TW 2015 /1 15+ aged, general public, Taiwan, 2015 N = 996
Mean
= 6.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TW 2014 15+ aged, general public, Taiwan, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TW 2013 15+ aged, general public, Taiwan, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TW 2012 15+ aged, general public, Taiwan, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.100
Gallup (2009a): study TW 2010 15+ aged, general public, Taiwan, 2011 N = 983
Mean
= 6.220
SD
= 1.940
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TW 2011 15+ aged, general public, Taiwan, 2011 N = 1001
Mean
= 6.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TW 2010 15+ aged, general public, Taiwan, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TW 2008 15+ aged, general public, Taiwan, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.500
Gallup (2008a): study TW 2006 15+ aged, general public, Taiwan, 2006 N = 989
Mean
= 6.180
SD
= 1.920
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study TW 2006 15+ aged, general public, Taiwan, 2006 N = 1002
Mean
= 6.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SY 2015 15+ aged, general public, Syria, 2015 N = 963
Mean
= 3.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SY 2014 15+ aged, general public, Syria, 2014 N = 963
Mean
= 3.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SY 2014 /1 15+ aged, general public, Syria, 2014 N = 1002
Mean
= 3.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SY 2013 15+ aged, general public, Syria, 2013 N = 1022
Mean
= 2.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SY 2012 15+ aged, general public, Syria, 2012 N = 2043
Mean
= 3.200
Gallup (2009a): study SY 2010 15+ aged, general public, Syria, 2011 N = 2012
Mean
= 4.460
SD
= 2.150
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SY 2011 15+ aged, general public, Syria, 2011 N = 2041
Mean
= 4.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SY 2010 15+ aged, general public, Syria, 2010 N = 1029
Mean
= 4.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SY 2009 15+ aged, general public, Syria, 2009 N = 1082
Mean
= 5.000
SD
= 2.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SY 2009 /1 15+ aged, general public, Syria, 2009 N = 2097
Mean
= 5.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SY 2008 15+ aged, general public, Syria, 2008 N = 1209
Mean
= 5.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study CH 2016 15+ aged, general public, Switzerland, 2016 N = 999
Mean
= 7.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study CH 2015 15+ aged, general public, Switzerland, 2015 N = 501
Mean
= 7.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study CH 2014 15+ aged, general public, Switzerland, 2014 N = 1002
Mean
= 7.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study CH 2012 15+ aged, general public, Switzerland, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.800
Gallup (2009a): study CH 2009 15+ aged, general public, Switzerland, 2011 N = 998
Mean
= 7.520
SD
= 1.570
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study CH 2009 15+ aged, general public, Switzerland, 2009 N = 1003
Mean
= 7.500
Gallup (2008a): study CH 2006 15+ aged, general public, Switzerland, 2006 N = 996
Mean
= 7.470
SD
= 1.620
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study CH 2006 15+ aged, general public, Switzerland, 2006 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SE 2016 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2016 N = 986
Mean
= 7.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SE 2015 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2015 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SE 2014 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SE 2013 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2013 N = 750
Mean
= 7.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SE 2012 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2012 N = 1006
Mean
= 7.600
Gallup (2009a): study SE 2011 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2011 N = 992
Mean
= 7.380
SD
= 1.580
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SE 2011 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2011 N = 1006
Mean
= 7.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SE 2010 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2010 N = 1002
Mean
= 7.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SE 2009 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2009 N = 1002
Mean
= 7.300
Gallup (2008a): study SE 2008 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2008 N = 996
Mean
= 7.510
SD
= 1.550
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SE 2008 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SE 2007 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2007 N = 1001
Mean
= 7.200
Gallup (2008a): study SE 2006 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2006 N = 985
Mean
= 7.380
SD
= 1.620
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SE 2006 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2006 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SZ 2011 15+ aged, general public, Swaziland, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SR 2012 15+ aged, general public, Surinam, 2012 N = 504
Mean
= 6.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SD 2014 15+ aged, general public, Sudan, 2014 N = 989
Mean
= 4.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SD 2014 /1 15+ aged, general public, Sudan, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SD 2014 /2 15+ aged, general public, Sudan, 2014 N = 989
Mean
= 4.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SD 2012 15+ aged, general public, Sudan, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SD 2012 /1 15+ aged, general public, Sudan, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.600
Gallup (2009a): study SD 2010 15+ aged, general public, Sudan, 2011 N = 1807
Mean
= 4.430
SD
= 1.710
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SD 2011 15+ aged, general public, Sudan, 2011 N = 2000
Mean
= 4.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SD 2010 15+ aged, general public, Sudan, 2010 N = 912
Mean
= 4.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SD 2009 15+ aged, general public, Sudan, 2009 N = 944
Mean
= 4.500
Gallup (2008a): study SD 2008 15+ aged, general public, Sudan, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.700
Gallup (2009a): study ZZ South Sahara Africa 2011 15+ aged, general public, Sub-Sahara Africa, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.365
SD
= 1.808
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study LK 2015 15+ aged, general public, Sri Lanka, 2015 N = 1052
Mean
= 4.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study LK 2015 /1 15+ aged, general public, Sri Lanka, 2015 N = 1052
Mean
= 4.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study LK 2014 15+ aged, general public, Sri Lanka, 2014 N = 1062
Mean
= 4.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study LK 2013 15+ aged, general public, Sri Lanka, 2013 N = 1030
Mean
= 4.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study LK 2012 15+ aged, general public, Sri Lanka, 2012 N = 2031
Mean
= 4.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study LK 2011 15+ aged, general public, Sri Lanka, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study LK 2010 15+ aged, general public, Sri Lanka, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study LK 2009 15+ aged, general public, Sri Lanka, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.200
Gallup (2008a): study LK 2008 15+ aged, general public, Sri Lanka, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.430
SD
= 1.760
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study LK 2008 15+ aged, general public, Sri Lanka, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.400
Gallup (2008a): study LK 2006 15+ aged, general public, Sri Lanka, 2006 N = 1029
Mean
= 4.340
SD
= 1.730
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study LK 2006 15+ aged, general public, Sri Lanka, 2006 N = 1033
Mean
= 4.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ES 2016 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 2016 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ES 2015 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 2015 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ES 2014 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ES 2013 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 2013 N = 1004
Mean
= 6.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ES 2012 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 2012 N = 2003
Mean
= 6.300
Gallup (2009a): study ES 2010 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 2011 N = 997
Mean
= 6.180
SD
= 1.990
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ES 2011 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 2011 N = 1006
Mean
= 6.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ES 2010 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ES 2009 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 2009 N = 1005
Mean
= 6.200
Gallup (2008a): study ES 2008 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.290
SD
= 1.790
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ES 2008 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 2008 N = 1009
Mean
= 7.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ES 2007 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 2007 N = 1004
Mean
= 7.000
Gallup (2008a): study ES 2006 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 2006 N = 960
Mean
= 7.150
SD
= 1.720
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ES 2006 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 2006 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.200
Gallup (2009a): study ZZ South East Asia 2011 15+ aged, general public, South-East Asia, 2011 N = 27000
Mean
= 5.270
SD
= 1.736
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SS 2016 15+ aged, general public, South Sudan, 2016 N = 985
Mean
= 2.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SS 2014 15+ aged, general public, South Sudan, 2014 N = 956
Mean
= 3.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SS 2014 /1 15+ aged, general public, South Sudan, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.800
Diener & Suh (2010): study KR 2010 15+ aged, general public, South Korea, 2010 N = 1100
Mean
= 5.300
Gallup (2009a): study ZZ South Asia 2011 15+ aged, general public, South Asia, 2011 N = 15000
Mean
= 4.942
SD
= 1.947
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZA 2016 15+ aged, general public, South Africa, 2016 N = 995
Mean
= 4.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZA 2015 15+ aged, general public, South Africa, 2015 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZA 2014 15+ aged, general public, South Africa, 2014 N = 999
Mean
= 4.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZA 2014 /1 15+ aged, general public, South Africa, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZA 2013 15+ aged, general public, South Africa, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZA 2012 15+ aged, general public, South Africa, 2012 N = 2000
Mean
= 5.100
Gallup (2009a): study ZA 2010 15+ aged, general public, South Africa, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.650
SD
= 1.890
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZA 2011 15+ aged, general public, South Africa, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZA 2010 15+ aged, general public, South Africa, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZA 2009 15+ aged, general public, South Africa, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZA 2008 15+ aged, general public, South Africa, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.300
SD
= 1.800
Gallup (2008a): study ZA 2007 15+ aged, general public, South Africa, 2007 N = 961
Mean
= 5.200
SD
= 1.740
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZA 2007 15+ aged, general public, South Africa, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.200
Gallup (2008a): study ZA 2006 15+ aged, general public, South Africa, 2006 N = 977
Mean
= 5.080
SD
= 2.130
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ZA 2006 15+ aged, general public, South Africa, 2006 N = 1001
Mean
= 5.100
Gallup World View (2012): study XY Somaliland 2012 15+ aged, general public, Somaliland, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.100
Gallup (2009a): study XY Somaliland 2010 15+ aged, general public, Somaliland, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SO 2016 15+ aged, general public, Somalia, 2016 N = 1185
Mean
= 4.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SO 2015 15+ aged, general public, Somalia, 2015 N = 999
Mean
= 5.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SO 2014 15+ aged, general public, Somalia, 2014 N = 989
Mean
= 5.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SO 2014 /1 15+ aged, general public, Somalia, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SI 2016 15+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 2016 N = 997
Mean
= 5.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SI 2015 15+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 2015 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SI 2014 15+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 2014 N = 1017
Mean
= 5.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SI 2014 /1 15+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 2014 N = 1017
Mean
= 5.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SI 2013 15+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 2013 N = 1001
Mean
= 6.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SI 2012 15+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.100
Gallup (2009a): study SI 2011 15+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.030
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SI 2011 15+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 2011 N = 1012
Mean
= 6.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SI 2010 15+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 2010 N = 1007
Mean
= 6.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SI 2009 15+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 2009 N = 500
Mean
= 5.800
Gallup (2008a): study SI 2006 15+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 2006 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SI 2006 15+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 2006 N = 1018
Mean
= 5.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SK 2016 15+ aged, general public, Slovakia, 2016 N = 998
Mean
= 6.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SK 2015 15+ aged, general public, Slovakia, 2015 N = 988
Mean
= 6.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SK 2014 15+ aged, general public, Slovakia, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SK 2013 15+ aged, general public, Slovakia, 2013 N = 1004
Mean
= 5.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SK 2012 15+ aged, general public, Slovakia, 2012 N = 1007
Mean
= 5.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SK 2012 /1 15+ aged, general public, Slovakia, 2012 N = 1004
Mean
= 5.900
Gallup (2009a): study SK 2011 15+ aged, general public, Slovakia, 2011 N = 991
Mean
= 6.030
SD
= 2.180
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SK 2011 15+ aged, general public, Slovakia, 2011 N = 1012
Mean
= 5.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SK 2010 15+ aged, general public, Slovakia, 2010 N = 1007
Mean
= 6.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SK 2006 15+ aged, general public, Slovakia, 2006 N = 1018
Mean
= 5.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SK 2006 /1 15+ aged, general public, Slovakia, 2006 N = 1008
Mean
= 5.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SG 2016 15+ aged, general public, Singapore, 2016 N = 998
Mean
= 6.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SG 2015 15+ aged, general public, Singapore, 2015 N = 990
Mean
= 6.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SG 2014 15+ aged, general public, Singapore, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SG 2012 15+ aged, general public, Singapore, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SG 2011 15+ aged, general public, Singapore, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SG 2010 15+ aged, general public, Singapore, 2010 N = 1001
Mean
= 6.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SG 2009 15+ aged, general public, Singapore, 2009 N = 1005
Mean
= 6.100
Gallup (2008a): study SG 2008 /1 15+ aged, general public, Singapore, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.640
SD
= 1.530
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SG 2008 15+ aged, general public, Singapore, 2008 N = 2551
Mean
= 6.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SG 2007 15+ aged, general public, Singapore, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.800
Gallup (2008a): study SG 2006 15+ aged, general public, Singapore, 2006 N = 1092
Mean
= 6.540
SD
= 1.290
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SG 2006 15+ aged, general public, Singapore, 2006 N = 1095
Mean
= 6.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SL 2016 15+ aged, general public, Sierra Leone, 2016 N = 955
Mean
= 4.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SL 2015 15+ aged, general public, Sierra Leone, 2015 N = 919
Mean
= 4.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SL 2014 15+ aged, general public, Sierra Leone, 2014 N = 1008
Mean
= 4.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SL 2013 15+ aged, general public, Sierra Leone, 2013 N = 1008
Mean
= 4.500
Gallup (2009a): study SL 2011 15+ aged, general public, Sierra Leone, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.500
SD
= 2.150
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SL 2011 15+ aged, general public, Sierra Leone, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SL 2010 15+ aged, general public, Sierra Leone, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.100
Gallup (2008a): study SL 2008 15+ aged, general public, Sierra Leone, 2008 N = 999
Mean
= 2.990
SD
= 1.680
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SL 2008 15+ aged, general public, Sierra Leone, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SL 2007 15+ aged, general public, Sierra Leone, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.600
Gallup (2008a): study SL 2006 15+ aged, general public, Sierra Leone, 2006 N = 999
Mean
= 3.620
SD
= 1.810
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SL 2006 15+ aged, general public, Sierra Leone, 2006 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RS 2016 15+ aged, general public, Serbia, 2016 N = 999
Mean
= 5.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RS 2015 15+ aged, general public, Serbia, 2015 N = 995
Mean
= 5.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RS 2014 15+ aged, general public, Serbia, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RS 2013 15+ aged, general public, Serbia, 2013 N = 1030
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RS 2012 15+ aged, general public, Serbia, 2012 N = 1023
Mean
= 5.200
Gallup (2009a): study RS 2011 15+ aged, general public, Serbia, 2011 N = 990
Mean
= 4.810
SD
= 2.210
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RS 2011 15+ aged, general public, Serbia, 2011 N = 1001
Mean
= 4.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RS 2010 15+ aged, general public, Serbia, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RS 2009 15+ aged, general public, Serbia, 2009 N = 1008
Mean
= 4.400
Gallup (2008a): study RS 2007 15+ aged, general public, Serbia, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.750
Gallup (2008a): study RS 2006 15+ aged, general public, Serbia, 2006 N = 1541
Mean
= 4.750
SD
= 2.040
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RS 2006 15+ aged, general public, Serbia, 2006 N = 1556
Mean
= 4.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SN 2016 15+ aged, general public, Senegal, 2016 N = 984
Mean
= 4.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SN 2015 15+ aged, general public, Senegal, 2015 N = 996
Mean
= 4.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SN 2014 15+ aged, general public, Senegal, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SN 2013 15+ aged, general public, Senegal, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SN 2012 15+ aged, general public, Senegal, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.700
Gallup (2009a): study SN 2010 15+ aged, general public, Senegal, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.370
SD
= 1.530
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SN 2011 15+ aged, general public, Senegal, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SN 2010 15+ aged, general public, Senegal, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SN 2009 15+ aged, general public, Senegal, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.300
Gallup (2008a): study SN 2008 15+ aged, general public, Senegal, 2008 N = 998
Mean
= 4.680
SD
= 1.290
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SN 2008 15+ aged, general public, Senegal, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SN 2007 15+ aged, general public, Senegal, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SN 2006 15+ aged, general public, Senegal, 2006 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SN 2006 /1 15+ aged, general public, Senegal, 2006 N = 998
Mean
= 4.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SA 2016 15+ aged, general public, Saudi Arabia, 2016 N = 987
Mean
= 6.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SA 2015 15+ aged, general public, Saudi Arabia, 2015 N = 1008
Mean
= 6.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SA 2014 15+ aged, general public, Saudi Arabia, 2014 N = 1017
Mean
= 6.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SA 2013 15+ aged, general public, Saudi Arabia, 2013 N = 1001
Mean
= 6.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SA 2012 15+ aged, general public, Saudi Arabia, 2012 N = 2112
Mean
= 6.500
Gallup (2009a): study SA 2010 15+ aged, general public, Saudi Arabia, 2011 N = 2030
Mean
= 6.300
SD
= 2.220
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SA 2011 15+ aged, general public, Saudi Arabia, 2011 N = 2022
Mean
= 6.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SA 2010 15+ aged, general public, Saudi Arabia, 2010 N = 1023
Mean
= 6.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SA 2009 15+ aged, general public, Saudi Arabia, 2009 N = 1031
Mean
= 6.100
Gallup (2008a): study SA 2008 15+ aged, general public, Saudi Arabia, 2008 N = 1145
Mean
= 6.810
SD
= 1.340
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SA 2008 15+ aged, general public, Saudi Arabia, 2008 N = 1150
Mean
= 6.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SA 2007 15+ aged, general public, Saudi Arabia, 2007 N = 1006
Mean
= 7.300
Gallup (2008a): study SA 2006 15+ aged, general public, Saudi Arabia, 2006 N = 994
Mean
= 7.060
SD
= 1.830
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study SA 2006 15+ aged, general public, Saudi Arabia, 2006 N = 1004
Mean
= 7.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RW 2016 15+ aged, general public, Rwanda, 2016 N = 995
Mean
= 3.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RW 2015 15+ aged, general public, Rwanda, 2015 N = 998
Mean
= 3.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RW 2014 15+ aged, general public, Rwanda, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RW 2013 15+ aged, general public, Rwanda, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RW 2012 15+ aged, general public, Rwanda, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.300
Gallup (2009a): study RW 2009 15+ aged, general public, Rwanda, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.020
SD
= 1.540
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RW 2011 15+ aged, general public, Rwanda, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RW 2009 15+ aged, general public, Rwanda, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.000
Gallup (2008a): study RW 2008 15+ aged, general public, Rwanda, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.360
SD
= 1.540
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RW 2008 15+ aged, general public, Rwanda, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.400
Gallup (2008a): study RW 2006 15+ aged, general public, Rwanda, 2006 N = 1502
Mean
= 4.210
SD
= 1.550
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RW 2006 15+ aged, general public, Rwanda, 2006 N = 1504
Mean
= 4.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RU 2016 15+ aged, general public, Russia, 2016 N = 1940
Mean
= 5.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RU 2015 15+ aged, general public, Russia, 2015 N = 1969
Mean
= 6.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RU 2014 15+ aged, general public, Russia, 2014 N = 2000
Mean
= 6.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RU 2013 15+ aged, general public, Russia, 2013 N = 2000
Mean
= 5.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RU 2012 15+ aged, general public, Russia, 2012 N = 3000
Mean
= 5.600
Gallup (2009a): study RU 2010 15+ aged, general public, Russia, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RU 2011 15+ aged, general public, Russia, 2011 N = 2000
Mean
= 5.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RU 2010 15+ aged, general public, Russia, 2010 N = 4000
Mean
= 5.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RU 2009 15+ aged, general public, Russia, 2009 N = 2042
Mean
= 5.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RU 2008 15+ aged, general public, Russia, 2008 N = 2019
Mean
= 5.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RU 2007 15+ aged, general public, Russia, 2007 N = 2949
Mean
= 5.200
Gallup (2008a): study RU 2006 /1 15+ aged, general public, Russia, 2006 N = 1959
Mean
= 4.960
SD
= 2.040
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RU 2006 15+ aged, general public, Russia, 2006 N = 2011
Mean
= 5.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RO 2016 15+ aged, general public, Romania, 2016 N = 993
Mean
= 6.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RO 2015 15+ aged, general public, Romania, 2015 N = 986
Mean
= 5.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RO 2014 15+ aged, general public, Romania, 2014 N = 981
Mean
= 5.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RO 2014 /1 15+ aged, general public, Romania, 2014 N = 998
Mean
= 5.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RO 2013 15+ aged, general public, Romania, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RO 2012 15+ aged, general public, Romania, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.200
Gallup (2009a): study RO 2011 15+ aged, general public, Romania, 2011 N = 998
Mean
= 5.020
SD
= 2.260
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RO 2011 15+ aged, general public, Romania, 2011 N = 1008
Mean
= 5.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RO 2010 15+ aged, general public, Romania, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RO 2009 15+ aged, general public, Romania, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.400
Gallup (2008a): study RO 2007 15+ aged, general public, Romania, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.390
SD
= 2.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RO 2007 15+ aged, general public, Romania, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.400
Gallup (2008a): study RO 2006 15+ aged, general public, Romania, 2006 N = 1005
Mean
= 5.040
SD
= 2.280
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study RO 2006 15+ aged, general public, Romania, 2006 N = 1022
Mean
= 5.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study KR 2016 15+ aged, general public, Republic of Korea, 2016 N = 987
Mean
= 6.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study QA 2014 15+ aged, general public, Qatar, 2014 N = 968
Mean
= 6.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study QA 2014 /1 15+ aged, general public, Qatar, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study QA 2012 15+ aged, general public, Qatar, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.700
Gallup (2009a): study QA 2010 15+ aged, general public, Qatar, 2011 N = 990
Mean
= 6.840
SD
= 2.020
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study QA 2011 15+ aged, general public, Qatar, 2011 N = 2032
Mean
= 6.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study QA 2010 15+ aged, general public, Qatar, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study QA 2009 15+ aged, general public, Qatar, 2009 N = 1016
Mean
= 6.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study QA 2008 15+ aged, general public, Qatar, 2008 N = 1012
Mean
= 6.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PR 2014 15+ aged, general public, Puerto Rico, 2014 N = 500
Mean
= 7.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PR 2014 /1 15+ aged, general public, Puerto Rico, 2014 N = 500
Mean
= 7.000
Gallup (2009a): study PR 2010 15+ aged, general public, Puerto Rico, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.600
Gallup (2008a): study PR 2006 /1 15+ aged, general public, Puerto Rico, 2006 N = 499
Mean
= 6.590
SD
= 2.610
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PR 2006 15+ aged, general public, Puerto Rico, 2006 N = 500
Mean
= 6.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PT 2016 15+ aged, general public, Portugal, 2016 N = 1004
Mean
= 5.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PT 2015 15+ aged, general public, Portugal, 2015 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PT 2014 15+ aged, general public, Portugal, 2014 N = 1007
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PT 2013 15+ aged, general public, Portugal, 2013 N = 1001
Mean
= 5.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PT 2012 15+ aged, general public, Portugal, 2012 N = 1001
Mean
= 5.000
Gallup (2009a): study PT 2010 15+ aged, general public, Portugal, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.200
NicGabhainn & Sixsmith (2005): study PT 2011 15+ aged, general public, Portugal, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PT 2011 15+ aged, general public, Portugal, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PT 2010 15+ aged, general public, Portugal, 2010 N = 1002
Mean
= 4.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PT 2009 15+ aged, general public, Portugal, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PT 2008 15+ aged, general public, Portugal, 2008 N = 1002
Mean
= 5.700
Gallup (2008a): study PT 2006 15+ aged, general public, Portugal, 2006 N = 963
Mean
= 5.430
SD
= 2.180
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PT 2006 15+ aged, general public, Portugal, 2006 N = 1007
Mean
= 5.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PL 2016 15+ aged, general public, Poland, 2016 N = 980
Mean
= 6.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PL 2015 15+ aged, general public, Poland, 2015 N = 991
Mean
= 6.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PL 2014 15+ aged, general public, Poland, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PL 2013 15+ aged, general public, Poland, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PL 2012 15+ aged, general public, Poland, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.900
Gallup (2009a): study PL 2011 15+ aged, general public, Poland, 2011 N = 1020
Mean
= 5.640
SD
= 1.960
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PL 2011 15+ aged, general public, Poland, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PL 2010 15+ aged, general public, Poland, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PL 2009 15+ aged, general public, Poland, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PL 2008 15+ aged, general public, Poland, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.800
Gallup (2008a): study PL 2007 15+ aged, general public, Poland, 2007 N = 982
Mean
= 5.880
SD
= 1.920
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PL 2007 15+ aged, general public, Poland, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.900
Gallup (2008a): study PL 2006 15+ aged, general public, Poland, 2006 N = 991
Mean
= 5.600
SD
= 2.140
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PL 2006 15+ aged, general public, Poland, 2006 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PH 2016 15+ aged, general public, Philippines, 2016 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PH 2015 15+ aged, general public, Philippines, 2015 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PH 2014 15+ aged, general public, Philippines, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PH 2013 15+ aged, general public, Philippines, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PH 2012 15+ aged, general public, Philippines, 2012 N = 2000
Mean
= 5.000
Gallup (2009a): study PH 2010 15+ aged, general public, Philippines, 2011 N = 994
Mean
= 4.940
SD
= 2.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PH 2011 15+ aged, general public, Philippines, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PH 2010 15+ aged, general public, Philippines, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PH 2009 15+ aged, general public, Philippines, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.900
Gallup (2008a): study PH 2008 15+ aged, general public, Philippines, 2008 N = 989
Mean
= 4.580
SD
= 2.280
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PH 2008 15+ aged, general public, Philippines, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PH 2007 15+ aged, general public, Philippines, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.100
Gallup (2008a): study PH 2006 15+ aged, general public, Philippines, 2006 N = 1190
Mean
= 4.660
SD
= 2.330
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PH 2006 15+ aged, general public, Philippines, 2006 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PE 2016 15+ aged, general public, Peru, 2016 N = 977
Mean
= 5.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PE 2015 15+ aged, general public, Peru, 2015 N = 972
Mean
= 5.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PE 2014 15+ aged, general public, Peru, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PE 2013 15+ aged, general public, Peru, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PE 2012 15+ aged, general public, Peru, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.800
Gallup (2009a): study PE 2010 15+ aged, general public, Peru, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PE 2011 15+ aged, general public, Peru, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PE 2010 15+ aged, general public, Peru, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PE 2009 15+ aged, general public, Peru, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.500
Gallup (2008a): study PE 2008 15+ aged, general public, Peru, 2008 N = 991
Mean
= 5.120
SD
= 2.390
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PE 2008 15+ aged, general public, Peru, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PE 2007 15+ aged, general public, Peru, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.200
Gallup (2008a): study PE 2006 15+ aged, general public, Peru, 2006 N = 987
Mean
= 4.810
SD
= 2.290
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PE 2006 15+ aged, general public, Peru, 2006 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PY 2016 15+ aged, general public, Paraguay, 2016 N = 998
Mean
= 5.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PY 2015 15+ aged, general public, Paraguay, 2015 N = 995
Mean
= 5.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PY 2014 15+ aged, general public, Paraguay, 2014 N = 998
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PY 2014 /1 15+ aged, general public, Paraguay, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PY 2013 15+ aged, general public, Paraguay, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PY 2012 15+ aged, general public, Paraguay, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.800
Gallup (2009a): study PY 2010 15+ aged, general public, Paraguay, 2011 N = 987
Mean
= 5.570
SD
= 2.180
Gallup World View (2012): study PY 2011 15+ aged, general public, Paraguay, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PY 2011 15+ aged, general public, Paraguay, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PY 2010 15+ aged, general public, Paraguay, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PY 2009 15+ aged, general public, Paraguay, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.600
Gallup (2008a): study PY 2008 15+ aged, general public, Paraguay, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PY 2008 15+ aged, general public, Paraguay, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PY 2007 15+ aged, general public, Paraguay, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.300
Gallup (2008a): study PY 2006 15+ aged, general public, Paraguay, 2006 N = 991
Mean
= 4.730
SD
= 1.960
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PY 2006 15+ aged, general public, Paraguay, 2006 N = 1001
Mean
= 4.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PA 2016 15+ aged, general public, Panama, 2016 N = 991
Mean
= 6.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PA 2015 15+ aged, general public, Panama, 2015 N = 992
Mean
= 6.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PA 2014 15+ aged, general public, Panama, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PA 2013 15+ aged, general public, Panama, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PA 2012 15+ aged, general public, Panama, 2012 N = 1001
Mean
= 6.900
Gallup (2009a): study PA 2011 15+ aged, general public, Panama, 2011 N = 997
Mean
= 7.240
SD
= 2.120
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PA 2011 15+ aged, general public, Panama, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PA 2010 15+ aged, general public, Panama, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PA 2009 15+ aged, general public, Panama, 2009 N = 1018
Mean
= 7.000
Gallup (2008a): study PA 2008 15+ aged, general public, Panama, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.930
SD
= 2.070
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PA 2008 15+ aged, general public, Panama, 2008 N = 1004
Mean
= 6.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PA 2007 15+ aged, general public, Panama, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.900
Gallup (2008a): study PA 2006 15+ aged, general public, Panama, 2006 N = 999
Mean
= 6.120
SD
= 2.320
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PA 2006 15+ aged, general public, Panama, 2006 N = 1005
Mean
= 6.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PS 2016 15+ aged, general public, Palestinian Territories, 2016 N = 996
Mean
= 4.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PS 2015 15+ aged, general public, Palestina, 2015 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PS 2014 15+ aged, general public, Palestina, 2014 N = 995
Mean
= 4.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PS 2014 /1 15+ aged, general public, Palestina, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PS 2013 15+ aged, general public, Palestina, 2013 N = 996
Mean
= 4.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PS 2013 /1 15+ aged, general public, Palestina, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PS 2012 15+ aged, general public, Palestina, 2012 N = 2000
Mean
= 4.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PS 2011 15+ aged, general public, Palestina, 2011 N = 2000
Mean
= 4.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PS 2010 15+ aged, general public, Palestina, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PS 2009 15+ aged, general public, Palestina, 2009 N = 1014
Mean
= 4.500
Gallup (2008a): study PS 2008 /1 15+ aged, general public, Palestina, 2008 N = 999
Mean
= 4.380
SD
= 2.520
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PS 2008 15+ aged, general public, Palestina, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PS 2007 15+ aged, general public, Palestina, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.200
Gallup (2008a): study PS 2006 15+ aged, general public, Palestina, 2006 N = 992
Mean
= 4.780
SD
= 2.320
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PS 2006 15+ aged, general public, Palestina, 2006 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PK 2016 15+ aged, general public, Pakistan, 2016 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PK 2015 15+ aged, general public, Pakistan, 2015 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PK 2014 15+ aged, general public, Pakistan, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PK 2013 15+ aged, general public, Pakistan, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PK 2012 15+ aged, general public, Pakistan, 2012 N = 3012
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PK 2011 15+ aged, general public, Pakistan, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PK 2010 15+ aged, general public, Pakistan, 2010 N = 1030
Mean
= 5.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PK 2009 15+ aged, general public, Pakistan, 2009 N = 3122
Mean
= 5.200
Gallup (2008a): study PK 2008 15+ aged, general public, Pakistan, 2008 N = 2461
Mean
= 4.410
SD
= 2.660
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PK 2008 15+ aged, general public, Pakistan, 2008 N = 2484
Mean
= 4.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PK 2007 15+ aged, general public, Pakistan, 2007 N = 1502
Mean
= 5.700
Gallup (2008a): study PK 2006 15+ aged, general public, Pakistan, 2006 N = 886
Mean
= 5.220
SD
= 2.430
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study PK 2006 15+ aged, general public, Pakistan, 2006 N = 1001
Mean
= 5.200
Gallup (2009a): study OM 2011 15+ aged, general public, Oman, 2011 N = 1998
Mean
= 6.850
SD
= 2.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study OM 2011 15+ aged, general public, Oman, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NO 2016 15+ aged, general public, Norway, 2016 N = 1998
Mean
= 7.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NO 2015 15+ aged, general public, Norway, 2015 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NO 2014 15+ aged, general public, Norway, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NO 2012 15+ aged, general public, Norway, 2012 N = 1004
Mean
= 7.700
Gallup (2008a): study NO 2008 15+ aged, general public, Norway, 2008 N = 993
Mean
= 7.630
SD
= 1.530
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NO 2008 15+ aged, general public, Norway, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.600
Gallup (2008a): study NO 2006 15+ aged, general public, Norway, 2006 N = 997
Mean
= 7.410
SD
= 1.740
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NO 2006 15+ aged, general public, Norway, 2006 N = 1001
Mean
= 7.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study XY Cyprus-Turkish 2015 15+ aged, general public, North Cyprus, 2015 N = 994
Mean
= 5.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study XY Cyprus-Turkish 2014 15+ aged, general public, North Cyprus, 2014 N = 500
Mean
= 5.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study XY Cyprus-Turkish 2014 /1 15+ aged, general public, North Cyprus, 2014 N = 1001
Mean
= 5.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study XY Cyprus-Turkish 2013 15+ aged, general public, North Cyprus, 2013 N = 501
Mean
= 5.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study XY Cyprus-Turkish 2013 /1 15+ aged, general public, North Cyprus, 2013 N = 502
Mean
= 5.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study XY Cyprus-Turkish 2012 15+ aged, general public, North Cyprus, 2012 N = 500
Mean
= 5.500
Gallup (2009a): study ZZ North America 2011 15+ aged, general public, North America, 2011 N = 6000
Mean
= 7.293
SD
= 1.893
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NG 2016 15+ aged, general public, Nigeria, 2016 N = 975
Mean
= 5.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NG 2015 15+ aged, general public, Nigeria, 2015 N = 997
Mean
= 4.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NG 2013 15+ aged, general public, Nigeria, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NG 2012 15+ aged, general public, Nigeria, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.500
Gallup (2009a): study NG 2010 15+ aged, general public, Nigeria, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.760
SD
= 1.920
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NG 2010 15+ aged, general public, Nigeria, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NG 2009 15+ aged, general public, Nigeria, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.000
Gallup (2008a): study NG 2008 15+ aged, general public, Nigeria, 2008 N = 992
Mean
= 4.930
SD
= 1.690
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NG 2008 15+ aged, general public, Nigeria, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NG 2007 15+ aged, general public, Nigeria, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.900
Gallup (2008a): study NG 2006 15+ aged, general public, Nigeria, 2006 N = 984
Mean
= 4.700
SD
= 1.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NG 2006 15+ aged, general public, Nigeria, 2006 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NE 2016 15+ aged, general public, Niger, 2016 N = 986
Mean
= 4.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NE 2015 15+ aged, general public, Niger, 2015 N = 997
Mean
= 3.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NE 2014 15+ aged, general public, Niger, 2014 N = 1008
Mean
= 4.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NE 2013 15+ aged, general public, Niger, 2013 N = 1008
Mean
= 3.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NE 2012 15+ aged, general public, Niger, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.800
Gallup (2009a): study NE 2010 15+ aged, general public, Niger, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.100
SD
= 1.240
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NE 2011 15+ aged, general public, Niger, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NE 2010 15+ aged, general public, Niger, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NE 2009 15+ aged, general public, Niger, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.300
Gallup (2008a): study NE 2008 15+ aged, general public, Niger, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.230
SD
= 1.380
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NE 2008 15+ aged, general public, Niger, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NE 2007 15+ aged, general public, Niger, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.300
Gallup (2008a): study NE 2006 15+ aged, general public, Niger, 2006 N = 999
Mean
= 3.800
SD
= 1.610
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NE 2006 15+ aged, general public, Niger, 2006 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NI 2016 15+ aged, general public, Nicaragua, 2016 N = 942
Mean
= 6.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NI 2015 15+ aged, general public, Nicaragua, 2015 N = 945
Mean
= 5.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NI 2014 15+ aged, general public, Nicaragua, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NI 2013 15+ aged, general public, Nicaragua, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NI 2012 15+ aged, general public, Nicaragua, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.400
Gallup (2009a): study NI 2011 15+ aged, general public, Nicaragua, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NI 2011 15+ aged, general public, Nicaragua, 2011 N = 1003
Mean
= 5.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NI 2010 15+ aged, general public, Nicaragua, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.700
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NI 2009 15+ aged, general public, Nicaragua, 2009 N = 1012
Mean
= 5.400
Gallup (2008a): study NI 2008 15+ aged, general public, Nicaragua, 2008 N = 997
Mean
= 5.100
SD
= 2.650
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NI 2008 15+ aged, general public, Nicaragua, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NI 2007 15+ aged, general public, Nicaragua, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.900
Gallup (2008a): study NI 2006 15+ aged, general public, Nicaragua, 2006 N = 966
Mean
= 4.460
SD
= 2.710
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NI 2006 15+ aged, general public, Nicaragua, 2006 N = 1001
Mean
= 4.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NZ 2016 15+ aged, general public, New Zealand, 2016 N = 1003
Mean
= 7.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NZ 2015 15+ aged, general public, New Zealand, 2015 N = 1007
Mean
= 7.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NZ 2014 15+ aged, general public, New Zealand, 2014 N = 1001
Mean
= 7.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NZ 2013 15+ aged, general public, New Zealand, 2013 N = 500
Mean
= 7.300
Gallup World View (2012): study NZ 2012 15+ aged, general public, New Zealand, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NZ 2012 15+ aged, general public, New Zealand, 2012 N = 1008
Mean
= 7.200
Gallup (2009a): study NZ 2010 15+ aged, general public, New Zealand, 2011 N = 747
Mean
= 7.220
SD
= 1.680
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NZ 2011 15+ aged, general public, New Zealand, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NZ 2010 15+ aged, general public, New Zealand, 2010 N = 750
Mean
= 7.200
Gallup (2008a): study NZ 2008 15+ aged, general public, New Zealand, 2008 N = 744
Mean
= 7.380
SD
= 1.650
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NZ 2008 15+ aged, general public, New Zealand, 2008 N = 750
Mean
= 7.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NZ 2007 15+ aged, general public, New Zealand, 2007 N = 750
Mean
= 7.600
Gallup (2008a): study NZ 2006 15+ aged, general public, New Zealand, 2006 N = 1024
Mean
= 7.300
SD
= 1.740
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NZ 2006 15+ aged, general public, New Zealand, 2006 N = 1028
Mean
= 7.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NL 2016 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2016 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NL 2015 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2015 N = 1002
Mean
= 7.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NL 2014 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NL 2013 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2013 N = 751
Mean
= 7.400
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NL 2012 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.500
Gallup (2009a): study NL 2010 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2011 N = 998
Mean
= 7.500
SD
= 1.330
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NL 2011 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NL 2010 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2010 N = 1001
Mean
= 7.500
Gallup (2008a): study NL 2008 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2008 N = 997
Mean
= 7.630
SD
= 1.020
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NL 2008 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NL 2007 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NL 2006 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2006 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NP 2016 15+ aged, general public, Nepal, 2016 N = 941
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NP 2015 15+ aged, general public, Nepal, 2015 N = 947
Mean
= 4.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NP 2014 15+ aged, general public, Nepal, 2014 N = 1050
Mean
= 5.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NP 2013 15+ aged, general public, Nepal, 2013 N = 1050
Mean
= 4.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NP 2012 15+ aged, general public, Nepal, 2012 N = 2000
Mean
= 4.200
Gallup (2009a): study NP 2010 15+ aged, general public, Nepal, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.340
SD
= 1.820
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NP 2011 15+ aged, general public, Nepal, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NP 2010 15+ aged, general public, Nepal, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NP 2009 15+ aged, general public, Nepal, 2009 N = 1002
Mean
= 4.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NP 2008 15+ aged, general public, Nepal, 2008 N = 1003
Mean
= 4.400
Gallup (2008a): study NP 2007 15+ aged, general public, Nepal, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.740
SD
= 1.740
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NP 2007 15+ aged, general public, Nepal, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.700
Gallup (2008a): study NP 2006 15+ aged, general public, Nepal, 2006 N = 986
Mean
= 4.560
SD
= 1.520
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NP 2006 15+ aged, general public, Nepal, 2006 N = 1002
Mean
= 4.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NA 2014 15+ aged, general public, Namibia, 2014 N = 985
Mean
= 4.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NA 2014 /1 15+ aged, general public, Namibia, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.600
Gallup (2009a): study NA 2010 15+ aged, general public, Namibia, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.900
Gallup (2008a): study NA 2007 15+ aged, general public, Namibia, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.880
SD
= 1.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study NA 2007 15+ aged, general public, Namibia, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.900
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study MM 2016 15+ aged, general public, Myanmar, 2016 N = 1017
Mean
= 4.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study MM 2015 15+ aged, general public, Myanmar, 2015 N = 1017
Mean
= 4.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study MM 2014 15+ aged, general public, Myanmar, 2014 N = 1020
Mean
= 4.800
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study MM 2013 15+ aged, general public, Myanmar, 2013 N = 1020
Mean
= 4.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study MM 2012 15+ aged, general public, Myanmar, 2012 N = 1020
Mean
= 4.400
Gallup (2009a): study MM 2010 15+ aged, general public, Myanmar, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.300
Gallup (2008a): study MM 2006 /1 15+ aged, general public, Myanmar, 2006 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.300
Ott (2010): study ZZ 2006 15+ aged, general public, Multiple nations, 2006 N = 127000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study MZ 2011 15+ aged, general public, Mozambique, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study MZ 2008 15+ aged, general public, Mozambique, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.700
Gallup (2008a): study MZ 2007 15+ aged, general public, Mozambique, 2007 N = 985
Mean
= 4.830
SD
= 1.620
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study MZ 2007 15+ aged, general public, Mozambique, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.800
Gallup (2008a): study MZ 2006 15+ aged, general public, Mozambique, 2006 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.590
SD
= 1.790
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study MZ 2006 15+ aged, general public, Mozambique, 2006 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.600
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study MA 2015 15+ aged, general public, Morocco, 2015 N = 1050
Mean
= 5.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study MA 2014 15+ aged, general public, Morocco, 2014 N = 986
Mean
= 5.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study MA 2014 /1 15+ aged, general public, Morocco, 2014 N = 998
Mean
= 5.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study MA 2013 15+ aged, general public, Morocco, 2013 N = 1007
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study MA 2012 15+ aged, general public, Morocco, 2012 N = 2000
Mean
= 5.000
Gallup (2009a): study MA 2010 15+ aged, general public, Morocco, 2011 N = 2005
Mean
= 4.660
SD
= 1.620
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study MA 2011 15+ aged, general public, Morocco, 2011 N = 2001
Mean
= 5.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study MA 2010 15+ aged, general public, Morocco, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.400
Gallup (2008a): study MA 2007 15+ aged, general public, Morocco, 2007 N = 1031
Mean
= 5.420
SD
= 1.860
Gallup (2008a): study MA 2006 15+ aged, general public, Morocco, 2006 N = 996
Mean
= 4.620
SD
= 1.940
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ME 2016 15+ aged, general public, Montenegro, 2016 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ME 2015 15+ aged, general public, Montenegro, 2015 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ME 2014 15+ aged, general public, Montenegro, 2014 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.300
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ME 2013 15+ aged, general public, Montenegro, 2013 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ME 2012 15+ aged, general public, Montenegro, 2012 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.200
Gallup (2009a): study ME 2010 15+ aged, general public, Montenegro, 2011 N = 986
Mean
= 5.450
SD
= 1.760
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ME 2011 15+ aged, general public, Montenegro, 2011 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ME 2010 15+ aged, general public, Montenegro, 2010 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.500
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ME 2009 15+ aged, general public, Montenegro, 2009 N = 1003
Mean
= 4.800
Gallup (2008a): study ME 2007 15+ aged, general public, Montenegro, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.200
Gallup (2008a): study ME 2006 15+ aged, general public, Montenegro, 2006 N = 809
Mean
= 5.190
SD
= 2.460
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study ME 2006 15+ aged, general public, Montenegro, 2006 N = 834
Mean
= 5.200
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study MN 2016 15+ aged, general public, Mongolia, 2016 N = 992
Mean
= 5.100
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study MN 2015 15+ aged, general public, Mongolia, 2015 N = 995
Mean
= 5.000
Burger & Veenhoven (2016): study MN 2014 15+ aged, general public, Mongolia, 2014 N = 1000