Typical text:

Taking all things together, would you say you are?:
- very happy
- quite happy
- not very happy
- not at all happy
very = 4 ......not at all = 1

Albania

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1998 2.26 0.70 4.67 2.17 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2002 2.59 0.80 5.71 2.41 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 2.87 0.74 6.54 2.17 Average 2.57 0.75 5.64 2.25

Algeria

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2002 2.96 0.67 6.87 1.91 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2014 2.94 0.71 6.78 2.04 Average 2.96 0.69 6.83 1.98

Andorra

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 3.20 0.58 7.52 1.50 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.29 0.56 7.74 1.38 Average 3.25 0.57 7.63 1.44

Argentina

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1984 2.95 0.65 6.80 1.88 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1991 3.07 0.82 7.00 2.27 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1995 3.09 0.73 7.13 2.01 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1999 3.13 0.75 7.20 2.08 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2002 2.60 0.92 5.11 2.64 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 3.20 0.67 7.45 1.78 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 3.14 0.67 6.70 1.99 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2008 3.03 0.72 6.37 2.03 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2013 3.20 0.67 7.43 1.80 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2017 3.18 0.68 7.40 1.82 Average 3.06 0.73 6.86 2.03

Armenia

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1995 2.55 0.73 5.61 2.25 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-ga 2001 2.90 0.95 6.34 2.69 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2011 3.09 0.80 7.12 2.20 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.06 0.69 7.09 1.91 Average 2.90 0.79 6.54 2.26

Australia

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1981 3.30 0.57 7.77 1.38 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1995 3.37 0.62 7.88 1.53 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 3.27 0.62 7.64 1.60 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 3.22 0.64 7.10 1.77 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2012 3.28 0.60 7.69 1.51 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.15 0.63 7.36 1.67 Average 3.26 0.61 7.58 1.58

Austria

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 3.19 0.63 7.47 1.65 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-a 1999 3.25 0.65 7.36 1.70 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 3.13 0.60 6.86 1.68 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.22 0.64 7.50 1.69 Average 3.20 0.63 7.30 1.68

Azerbaijan

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1996 2.88 0.60 6.63 1.79 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2011 3.05 0.74 7.02 2.06 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.03 0.64 7.03 1.81 Average 2.99 0.66 6.90 1.89

Bangladesh

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1996 3.01 0.62 7.01 1.74 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2002 2.90 0.65 6.66 1.92 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.17 0.60 7.41 1.57 Average 3.03 0.62 7.03 1.75

Belarus

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 2.46 0.71 5.27 2.20 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1996 2.42 0.72 5.17 2.24 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2000 2.69 0.65 6.07 2.04 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-ga 2001 2.78 0.84 6.04 2.37 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2011 2.75 0.70 6.19 2.11 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.12 0.57 7.32 1.52 Average 2.70 0.70 6.01 2.08

Belgium

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1981 3.28 0.59 7.70 1.48 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 3.31 0.65 7.74 1.66 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1999 3.33 0.67 7.78 1.73 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 3.33 0.61 8.47 1.51 Average 3.31 0.63 7.92 1.59

Bolivia

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2002 2.45 0.85 4.53 2.48 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2008 2.50 0.81 4.69 2.41 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2017 3.09 0.83 7.00 2.31 Average 2.68 0.83 5.41 2.40

Bosnia Herzegovina

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1997 2.87 0.67 6.57 1.98 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2001 3.02 0.68 6.99 1.91 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2019 3.14 0.70 7.30 1.89 Average 3.01 0.68 6.95 1.93

Brazil

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 2.94 0.72 6.72 2.08 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1997 3.03 0.67 7.01 1.89 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2002 2.87 0.68 6.00 2.00 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-g 2003 3.49 0.69 7.87 1.98 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 3.24 0.63 7.57 1.64 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2008 3.03 0.62 6.47 1.74 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2014 3.26 0.62 7.64 1.60 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.17 0.61 7.42 1.62 Average 3.13 0.66 7.09 1.82

Bulgaria

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 2.33 0.77 4.85 2.34 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1997 2.41 0.81 5.12 2.45 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1998 2.58 0.78 5.66 2.37 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 2.60 0.79 5.73 2.39 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 2.34 0.84 4.89 2.51 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 2.70 0.81 5.67 2.25 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2017 2.68 0.84 5.92 2.48 Average 2.52 0.81 5.41 2.40

Burkina Faso

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 3.01 0.75 6.91 2.11 Average 3.01 0.75 6.91 2.11

Canada

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 1946 3.16 0.72 6.95 2.00 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1981 3.31 0.55 7.79 1.32 O-HP-g-sq-v-4-b 1985 3.45 0.60 7.54 1.85 O-HP-c-sq-v-4-a 1986 3.46 0.62 7.57 1.89 O-HP-g-sq-v-4-b 1989 3.51 0.62 7.76 1.88 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 3.04 0.80 6.97 2.24 O-HP-g-sq-v-4-b 1990 3.49 0.60 7.68 1.85 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2000 3.39 0.59 7.96 1.42 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2021 3.03 0.63 7.03 1.78 Average 3.32 0.64 7.47 1.80

Chile

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 3.03 0.83 6.87 2.33 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1996 3.06 0.70 7.05 1.95 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2000 3.16 0.74 7.26 2.04 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2002 2.93 0.80 6.02 2.30 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 3.08 0.75 7.08 2.07 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 3.06 0.79 6.67 2.20 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2008 2.93 0.72 6.07 2.10 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2012 3.08 0.64 7.16 1.78 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.10 0.66 7.17 1.83 Average 3.05 0.74 6.82 2.07

China

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 2.91 0.84 6.50 2.39 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1995 3.05 0.66 7.08 1.84 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2001 2.87 0.63 6.60 1.89 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2007 2.94 0.75 6.72 2.15 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2013 3.00 0.58 6.99 1.65 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.15 0.64 7.35 1.71 Average 2.99 0.68 6.87 1.94

Colombia

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1998 3.30 0.75 7.61 2.02 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2002 2.95 0.87 6.02 2.46 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2003 3.36 0.76 7.74 2.03 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 3.35 0.72 7.75 1.92 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2008 3.15 0.83 6.57 2.31 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2012 3.48 0.66 8.08 1.70 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.45 0.72 8.00 1.88 Average 3.29 0.76 7.39 2.05

Costa Rica

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2002 3.24 0.79 6.85 2.14 Average 3.24 0.79 6.85 2.14

Croatia

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1995 2.75 0.65 6.24 2.00 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1999 2.89 0.64 6.67 1.88 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 2.80 0.75 5.95 2.09 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2017 2.98 0.66 6.91 1.89 Average 2.86 0.68 6.44 1.96

Cyprus

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 3.21 0.72 7.45 1.94 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 3.07 0.66 7.15 1.82 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 3.08 0.68 6.73 1.91 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2011 3.05 0.74 7.02 2.06 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2019 3.05 0.73 7.04 2.04 Average 3.09 0.71 7.08 1.95

Czech Republic

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 2.76 0.60 6.29 1.87 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1998 2.96 0.54 6.90 1.57 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 3.02 0.58 7.05 1.62 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 3.13 0.58 6.87 1.63 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2017 3.07 0.55 7.19 1.52 Average 2.99 0.57 6.86 1.64

Denmark

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1981 3.25 0.51 7.68 1.21 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 3.36 0.62 7.87 1.55 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1999 3.39 0.60 7.95 1.48 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-af 2006 3.46 0.56 7.55 1.74 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-x 2007 3.24 0.55 7.61 1.38 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2017 3.21 0.64 7.49 1.68 Average 3.32 0.58 7.69 1.51

Dominican Republic

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1996 3.05 0.78 6.93 2.20 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 3.15 0.91 6.93 2.53 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2008 2.91 0.92 5.83 2.61 Average 3.04 0.87 6.56 2.45

Ecuador

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2002 2.64 0.81 5.14 2.41 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2008 2.71 0.84 5.29 2.47 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2013 3.50 0.65 8.15 1.63 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.50 0.72 8.09 1.89 Average 3.09 0.75 6.67 2.10

Egypt

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2000 3.06 0.57 7.17 1.58 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 2.91 0.56 6.76 1.68 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2012 1.87 0.92 3.53 2.71 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 2.73 0.66 6.19 2.05 Average 2.64 0.68 5.91 2.00

El Salvador

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1999 3.47 0.67 8.07 1.72 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2002 2.91 0.94 5.86 2.64 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2008 3.04 0.94 6.23 2.62 Average 3.14 0.85 6.72 2.33

Estonia

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 2.58 0.66 5.74 2.09 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1996 2.64 0.65 5.93 2.06 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1999 2.70 0.65 6.09 2.02 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 2.85 0.64 6.52 1.91 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2011 2.89 0.63 6.64 1.86 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.02 0.60 7.02 1.70 Average 2.78 0.64 6.32 1.94

Ethiopia

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 2.88 0.90 6.41 2.56 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2020 3.18 0.70 7.40 1.88 Average 3.03 0.80 6.90 2.22

Finland

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1981 3.10 0.49 7.31 1.29 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 3.09 0.58 7.24 1.56 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1996 3.15 0.57 7.40 1.50 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2000 3.13 0.61 7.32 1.63 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 3.20 0.61 7.51 1.58 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 3.21 0.56 7.55 1.43 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 2.96 0.64 6.38 1.78 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2017 3.10 0.58 7.25 1.58 Average 3.12 0.58 7.25 1.54

France

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 1946 2.70 0.63 5.53 1.77 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1981 3.11 0.56 7.31 1.49 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 3.16 0.57 7.43 1.50 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1999 3.21 0.63 7.52 1.64 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 3.25 0.67 7.58 1.77 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 3.21 0.64 7.51 1.67 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 2.85 0.66 6.09 1.85 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.23 0.64 7.55 1.68 Average 3.09 0.63 7.06 1.67

Georgia

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1996 2.72 0.73 6.10 2.21 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-ga 2001 3.15 0.89 7.03 2.47 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2014 2.86 0.81 6.45 2.33 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.09 0.79 7.08 2.21 Average 2.95 0.81 6.66 2.31

Germany

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-c-sq-v-4-e 1991 2.98 0.57 6.62 1.54 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1997 3.00 0.67 6.95 1.89 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-a 1998 3.09 0.54 7.02 2.09 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-ga 1999 2.98 0.55 6.58 1.84 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-a 1999 3.03 0.63 6.77 1.65 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 3.03 0.71 6.99 2.00 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2013 3.07 0.65 7.12 1.81 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2017 3.08 0.64 7.16 1.75 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.16 0.63 7.38 1.67 Average 3.05 0.62 6.96 1.81

Ghana

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 3.25 0.88 7.39 2.42 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2012 3.29 0.85 7.51 2.32 Average 3.27 0.86 7.45 2.37

Greece

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1999 2.91 0.72 6.66 2.09 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 2.96 0.74 6.82 2.10 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2017 2.79 0.81 6.31 2.38 Average 2.89 0.76 6.60 2.19

Guatemala

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2002 2.91 0.84 5.95 2.41 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2008 3.26 0.79 6.87 2.16 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2019 3.41 0.69 7.92 1.79 Average 3.19 0.77 6.91 2.12

Haiti

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2016 3.10 0.80 7.17 2.20 Average 3.11 0.80 7.16 2.20

Honduras

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2002 2.88 0.97 5.80 2.71 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2008 3.03 0.93 6.16 2.62 Average 2.96 0.95 5.98 2.67

Hong Kong

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-c-sq-v-4-ga 2000 2.82 0.65 6.07 2.17 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 2.90 0.48 6.77 1.49 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2014 3.11 0.61 7.28 1.65 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 2.91 0.62 6.73 1.82 Average 2.94 0.59 6.71 1.78

Hungary

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1981 2.85 0.65 6.56 1.93 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 2.72 0.75 6.11 2.26 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 1991 2.65 0.73 5.53 2.02 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-ga 1999 2.82 0.60 6.07 1.98 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1999 2.81 0.79 6.36 2.31 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 2.77 0.82 6.23 2.40 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 2.71 0.66 5.69 1.84 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.00 0.68 6.93 1.92 Average 2.79 0.71 6.19 2.08

Iceland

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1981 3.40 0.57 8.00 1.34 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 3.38 0.55 7.96 1.30 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1999 3.44 0.56 8.08 1.32 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2017 3.39 0.61 7.96 1.49 Average 3.40 0.57 8.00 1.36

India

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 2.82 0.78 6.34 2.29 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1996 3.05 0.78 6.96 2.20 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2001 2.95 0.81 6.71 2.29 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 3.02 0.78 6.88 2.21 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2012 3.24 0.70 7.52 1.85 Average 3.02 0.77 6.88 2.17

Indonesia

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2001 3.15 0.49 7.45 1.24 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 3.18 0.55 7.49 1.41 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.37 0.63 7.89 1.59 Average 3.24 0.56 7.61 1.41

Iran

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2000 2.81 0.88 6.25 2.53 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 2.94 0.72 6.78 2.05 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2020 3.37 0.63 7.89 1.59 Average 3.04 0.74 6.97 2.06

Iraq

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2004 2.66 0.84 5.90 2.49 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 2.42 0.85 5.23 2.59 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2013 2.74 0.71 6.19 2.14 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 2.79 0.86 6.28 2.49 Average 2.65 0.81 5.90 2.42

Ireland

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1981 3.35 0.59 7.88 1.44 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 3.36 0.64 7.86 1.62 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 1991 3.33 0.63 7.43 1.77 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1999 3.38 0.58 7.94 1.39 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2001 3.21 0.59 7.54 1.51 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-h 2001 3.39 0.59 7.58 1.65 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2003 3.21 0.59 7.54 1.51 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 3.40 0.62 7.97 1.52 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 3.44 0.58 7.73 1.62 Average 3.34 0.60 7.72 1.56

Israel

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 1991 2.88 0.77 6.16 2.13 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2001 3.02 0.79 6.91 2.22 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 3.01 0.77 6.52 2.16 Average 2.97 0.78 6.53 2.17

Italy

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1981 2.87 0.63 6.60 1.89 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 2.99 0.60 6.97 1.72 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 1991 2.86 0.70 6.11 1.94 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1999 2.95 0.69 6.80 1.99 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 3.07 0.57 7.20 1.55 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 2.98 0.62 7.71 2.19 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 2.98 0.66 6.91 1.88 Average 2.96 0.64 6.90 1.88

Japan

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-c-sq-v-4-p 1981 2.98 0.62 6.91 1.76 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-p 1990 3.00 0.61 6.96 1.75 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-p 1995 3.25 0.62 7.60 1.60 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-p 2000 3.17 0.62 7.41 1.65 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-p 2005 3.18 0.63 7.42 1.67 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 3.04 0.64 6.60 1.80 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-p 2010 3.22 0.65 7.50 1.72 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2019 3.20 0.62 7.48 1.63 Average 3.13 0.63 7.23 1.70

Jordan

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2001 2.92 0.65 6.77 1.89 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 3.14 0.69 7.31 1.87 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2014 3.02 0.70 7.01 1.95 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.08 0.68 7.16 1.88 Average 3.04 0.68 7.06 1.90

Kazakhstan

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2011 3.19 0.63 7.44 1.68 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.19 0.63 7.43 1.66 Average 3.19 0.63 7.44 1.67

Korea (South)

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-ly-sq-v-4-a 1981 2.41 0.69 4.85 1.91 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 2.86 0.63 6.60 1.88 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1996 3.00 0.51 7.03 1.46 O-HL-ly-sq-v-4-a 2001 2.96 0.52 6.38 1.45 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2001 2.96 0.52 6.92 1.52 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-ga 2002 2.78 0.58 5.93 1.95 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 2.99 0.53 7.01 1.52 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 2.89 0.66 6.19 1.85 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2010 3.05 0.52 7.15 1.44 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 2.93 0.39 6.90 1.21 Average 2.88 0.55 6.50 1.62

Kuwait

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2014 3.33 0.64 7.79 1.62 Average 3.33 0.64 7.79 1.62

Kyrgyzstan

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-c-sq-v-4-ga 2001 3.21 0.79 7.21 2.15 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2003 3.04 0.61 7.06 1.70 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2011 3.32 0.56 7.81 1.34 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2019 3.65 0.57 8.50 1.39 Average 3.30 0.63 7.65 1.65

Latvia

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 2.52 0.60 5.53 1.96 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1996 2.73 0.60 6.20 1.90 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1999 2.61 0.68 5.76 2.11 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 2.82 0.68 6.42 2.02 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 2.78 0.65 5.89 1.81 Average 2.69 0.64 5.96 1.96

Lebanon

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2013 2.94 0.68 6.77 1.95 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.03 0.61 7.06 1.72 Average 2.99 0.64 6.92 1.83

Libya

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2014 3.24 0.73 7.53 1.95 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2022 3.26 0.66 7.63 1.71 Average 3.25 0.69 7.58 1.83

Lithuania

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 2.53 0.62 5.53 2.01 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1996 2.56 0.66 5.63 2.11 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1999 2.78 0.57 6.40 1.79 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 2.82 0.70 6.42 2.08 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 2.92 0.54 6.78 1.61 Average 2.72 0.62 6.15 1.92

Luxembourg

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1999 3.29 0.59 7.73 1.47 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 3.30 0.63 8.42 1.58 Average 3.30 0.61 8.08 1.53

Macao

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2019 3.05 0.51 7.16 1.42 Average 3.04 0.51 7.16 1.42

Malaysia

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 3.31 0.57 7.78 1.41 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2012 3.53 0.57 8.25 1.37 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.03 0.60 7.05 1.69 Average 3.29 0.58 7.69 1.49

Mali

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 3.20 0.77 7.38 2.11 Average 3.20 0.77 7.38 2.11

Malta

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1999 3.16 0.69 7.34 1.88 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 3.13 0.66 7.32 1.78 Average 3.15 0.68 7.33 1.83

Mexico

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1981 3.14 0.74 7.22 2.04 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 2.95 0.79 6.66 2.25 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1996 2.92 0.83 6.55 2.38 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2000 3.48 0.67 8.08 1.74 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2002 3.11 0.83 6.46 2.32 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 3.49 0.68 8.09 1.75 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 3.38 0.66 7.56 1.84 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2008 3.21 0.80 6.72 2.22 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2012 3.61 0.61 8.40 1.54 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.51 0.66 8.14 1.69 Average 3.28 0.73 7.39 1.98

Moldova

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1996 2.40 0.69 5.10 2.17 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2000 2.53 0.68 5.50 2.12 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-ga 2001 2.56 0.80 5.47 2.29 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 2.49 0.84 5.37 2.54 Average 2.49 0.75 5.36 2.28

Montenegro

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1996 2.83 0.68 6.41 2.02 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2001 2.76 0.63 6.25 1.95 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2019 3.26 0.61 7.64 1.56 Average 2.95 0.64 6.77 1.85

Morocco

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2001 3.05 0.74 7.03 2.06 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 3.03 0.72 6.97 2.03 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2011 2.94 0.77 6.74 2.19 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2021 2.94 0.56 6.84 1.66 Average 2.99 0.70 6.89 1.99

Multiple nations

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-c-sq-v-4-a 1967 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1972 2.99 0.28 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1981 3.08 0.60 7.19 1.66 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1981 3.05 0.74 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1986 3.17 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 3.01 0.27 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1991 2.73 0.34 6.83 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1995 3.13 Average 3.02 0.45 7.01 1.66

Myanmar

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2020 3.18 0.73 7.37 1.96 Average 3.18 0.73 7.38 1.96

Netherlands

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1981 3.30 0.54 7.39 1.11 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 3.38 0.64 7.57 1.46 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1999 3.41 0.60 7.63 1.31 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 3.38 0.60 8.57 1.37 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 3.36 0.61 7.50 1.32 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2008 3.52 0.57 7.94 1.27 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2012 3.25 0.59 7.63 1.49 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2017 3.29 0.62 7.70 1.58 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2022 3.16 0.61 7.41 1.61 Average 3.34 0.60 7.70 1.39

New Zealand

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 1991 3.18 0.63 7.01 1.75 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1998 3.28 0.57 7.71 1.40 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 3.36 0.53 7.91 1.24 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 3.28 0.61 7.29 1.70 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2011 3.29 0.58 7.73 1.44 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2019 3.26 0.58 7.66 1.47 Average 3.27 0.58 7.55 1.50

Nicaragua

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2002 2.60 0.97 5.02 2.76 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2008 2.84 0.91 5.70 2.60 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2019 3.33 0.77 7.69 2.06 Average 2.93 0.88 6.14 2.47

Nigeria

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 3.01 1.03 6.69 2.87 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1995 3.28 0.79 7.56 2.14 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2000 3.58 0.67 8.29 1.73 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2012 3.29 0.58 7.73 1.44 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.11 1.00 6.99 2.77 Average 3.25 0.81 7.45 2.19

North Macedonia

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1997 2.74 0.73 6.11 2.19 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2001 2.89 0.76 6.59 2.20 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2019 3.23 0.68 7.51 1.81 Average 2.95 0.72 6.74 2.06

Norway

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1981 3.21 0.57 7.53 1.47 O-HP-g-sq-v-4-a 1985 3.10 0.61 6.95 1.60 O-HP-g-sq-v-4-a 1987 3.09 0.59 6.93 1.55 O-HP-g-sq-v-4-a 1989 3.09 0.58 6.93 1.54 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 3.22 0.58 7.58 1.46 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 1991 3.09 0.58 6.76 1.61 O-HP-g-sq-v-4-a 1991 3.08 0.57 6.90 1.51 O-HP-g-sq-v-4-a 1993 3.10 0.57 6.78 1.60 O-HP-g-sq-v-4-a 1995 3.10 0.59 6.95 1.56 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1996 3.24 0.57 7.62 1.42 O-HP-g-sq-v-4-a 1997 3.09 0.60 6.93 1.57 O-HP-g-sq-v-4-a 1999 3.06 0.58 6.85 1.53 O-HP-g-sq-v-4-a 2001 3.09 0.58 6.93 1.54 O-HP-g-sq-v-4-a 2003 3.13 0.58 7.03 1.52 O-HP-g-sq-v-4-a 2005 3.11 0.60 6.98 1.57 O-HP-g-sq-v-4-a 2007 3.12 0.57 7.01 1.51 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 3.23 0.58 7.15 1.64 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.35 0.60 7.85 1.48 Average 3.14 0.58 7.09 1.54

Pakistan

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1997 3.03 0.78 6.95 2.18 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2001 2.94 0.71 6.73 2.05 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2012 3.26 0.82 7.52 2.21 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.35 0.74 7.76 1.94 Average 3.14 0.76 7.24 2.10

Palestine

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2013 2.80 0.69 6.38 2.08 Average 2.79 0.69 6.38 2.08

Panama

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2002 3.04 0.76 6.40 2.12 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2008 3.09 0.77 6.46 2.17 Average 3.07 0.77 6.43 2.15

Paraguay

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2002 2.89 0.76 5.93 2.23 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2008 2.93 0.79 6.03 2.27 Average 2.91 0.78 5.98 2.25

Peru

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1996 2.91 0.82 6.48 2.35 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2001 2.95 0.83 6.62 2.36 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2002 2.53 0.85 4.76 2.50 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 2.94 0.81 6.61 2.31 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2008 2.61 0.89 5.02 2.57 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2012 3.11 0.78 7.10 2.16 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.16 0.73 7.27 2.01 Average 2.89 0.82 6.27 2.32

Philippines

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1996 3.29 0.66 7.66 1.71 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1996 3.32 0.64 7.76 1.63 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1998 3.03 0.75 6.97 2.11 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2001 3.26 0.68 7.56 1.80 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2001 3.10 0.76 7.16 2.09 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2001 3.17 0.75 7.33 2.04 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2002 3.14 0.75 7.25 2.05 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2003 3.13 0.78 7.19 2.16 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2004 3.04 0.76 6.97 2.13 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 3.09 0.76 6.76 2.12 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2012 3.38 0.70 7.84 1.84 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2019 3.44 0.67 8.00 1.71 Average 3.20 0.72 7.37 1.95

Poland

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 2.97 0.50 6.95 1.46 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 1992 2.89 0.64 6.19 1.77 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 1993 2.93 0.66 6.28 1.84 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-o 1993 2.57 0.67 5.55 1.52 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1997 3.02 0.63 7.03 1.78 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1999 2.93 0.70 6.73 2.03 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-o 2003 2.66 0.65 5.74 1.50 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-o 2005 2.71 0.62 5.87 1.46 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 3.12 0.58 7.33 1.54 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 3.06 0.59 7.14 1.62 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-o 2007 2.82 0.59 6.12 1.42 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 3.09 0.67 6.75 1.87 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2012 2.80 0.69 6.38 2.08 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2017 3.22 0.61 7.54 1.59 Average 2.91 0.63 6.54 1.68

Portugal

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 2.83 0.67 6.46 2.01 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1999 3.00 0.62 6.97 1.77 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 3.01 0.62 7.01 1.76 Average 2.95 0.64 6.82 1.85

Puerto Rico

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1995 3.33 0.66 7.77 1.71 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1995 3.47 0.62 8.11 1.55 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2020 3.40 0.70 7.90 1.81 Average 3.40 0.66 7.93 1.69

Qatar

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2010 3.54 0.55 8.31 1.26 Average 3.54 0.55 8.30 1.26

Romania

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 2.63 0.68 5.84 2.13 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1998 2.55 0.70 5.61 2.20 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1999 2.39 0.74 5.11 2.32 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-e 2005 2.55 0.71 5.70 2.02 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-e 2005 2.56 0.74 5.72 2.07 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 2.56 0.74 5.60 2.27 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 2.63 0.76 5.83 2.31 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2012 2.79 0.72 6.31 2.15 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 2.97 0.73 6.83 2.07 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 2.94 0.69 6.76 2.00 Average 2.66 0.72 5.93 2.15

Russia

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-f 1989 2.83 0.64 5.72 1.78 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 2.52 0.67 5.49 2.12 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-h 1993 2.49 0.67 5.34 1.80 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1995 2.50 0.73 5.41 2.26 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-h 1997 2.52 0.66 5.42 1.77 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-h 1998 2.48 0.66 5.31 1.80 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-h 1998 2.81 0.82 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-h 1999 2.50 0.66 5.37 1.75 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1999 2.46 0.75 5.30 2.32 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-ga 2001 2.81 0.81 6.13 2.29 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 2.76 0.70 6.23 2.11 O-HP-u-sq-v-4-b 2007 3.04 0.98 6.80 3.28 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 2.61 0.72 5.41 2.01 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2011 2.90 0.66 6.65 1.94 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2017 2.98 0.60 6.92 1.71 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2017 2.93 0.64 6.76 1.85 O-HP-u-sq-v-4-b 2018 2.09 0.82 O-HP-g-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.23 0.72 7.27 1.92 O-HP-g-sq-v-4-a 2019 3.21 0.75 7.22 2.00 O-HP-g-sq-v-4-a 2020 3.16 0.80 7.08 2.15 O-HP-g-sq-v-4-a 2020 3.09 0.81 6.91 2.20 O-HP-g-sq-v-4-a 2021 3.18 0.81 7.15 2.18 O-HP-g-sq-v-4-a 2022 3.18 0.80 7.13 2.16 O-HP-g-sq-v-4-a 2022 3.11 0.84 6.96 2.25 Average 2.81 0.74 6.27 2.07

Rwanda

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 2.95 0.58 6.88 1.68 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2012 3.30 0.66 7.69 1.73 Average 3.13 0.62 7.29 1.70

Saudi Arabia

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2003 3.35 0.65 7.82 1.67 Average 3.35 0.65 7.82 1.67

Serbia

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1996 2.80 0.73 6.35 2.16 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2001 2.83 0.68 6.47 2.02 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 2.69 0.73 6.01 2.21 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2017 2.96 0.64 6.82 1.85 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2017 2.96 0.64 6.82 1.85 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 2.94 0.62 6.80 1.81 Average 2.86 0.67 6.54 1.98

Singapore

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2002 3.23 0.54 7.62 1.35 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2012 3.32 0.61 7.76 1.55 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2019 3.14 0.61 7.34 1.64 Average 3.23 0.59 7.57 1.51

Slovakia

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 2.51 0.66 5.46 2.10 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1998 2.75 0.63 6.25 1.95 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1999 2.74 0.67 6.20 2.06 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 2.86 0.61 6.57 1.84 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 2.61 0.72 5.41 2.01 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2017 3.09 0.56 7.24 1.52 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2022 3.09 0.56 7.24 1.52 Average 2.80 0.63 6.34 1.86

Slovenia

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 1991 2.58 0.73 5.34 2.04 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1992 2.62 0.71 5.79 2.18 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1995 2.85 0.67 6.51 2.00 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-ga 1999 2.82 0.62 6.05 2.06 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1999 2.91 0.67 6.69 1.94 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 2.97 0.67 6.85 1.91 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 3.14 0.62 7.34 1.67 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 2.95 0.64 6.36 1.79 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2011 3.02 0.64 7.00 1.81 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2017 3.04 0.62 7.05 1.75 Average 2.89 0.66 6.50 1.91

South Africa

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1981 2.91 0.85 6.60 2.42 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 2.82 0.90 6.30 2.57 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1995 3.02 0.89 6.83 2.50 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2001 3.12 0.85 7.10 2.36 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2007 3.15 0.90 7.17 2.48 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 3.06 0.82 6.66 2.27 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2008 2.89 0.92 6.22 2.56 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2013 3.10 0.89 7.06 2.46 Average 3.01 0.88 6.74 2.45

Spain

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1981 2.98 0.68 6.86 1.93 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 3.04 0.63 7.07 1.76 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1995 3.05 0.59 7.11 1.63 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1999 3.06 0.60 7.15 1.66 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-ga 2000 3.06 0.57 6.86 1.91 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 3.12 0.59 7.31 1.59 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2007 3.05 0.50 7.19 1.36 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2011 3.01 0.57 7.03 1.61 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2017 3.10 0.60 7.24 1.62 Average 3.05 0.59 7.09 1.67

Sweden

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1982 3.24 0.54 7.65 1.32 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 3.36 0.58 7.90 1.39 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1996 3.34 0.60 7.84 1.47 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-ga 1999 3.24 0.54 7.47 1.81 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1999 3.29 0.63 7.71 1.59 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 3.39 0.58 7.96 1.38 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 3.33 0.59 7.81 1.45 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 3.16 0.60 6.94 1.68 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2011 3.35 0.59 7.85 1.45 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2017 3.33 0.61 7.79 1.52 Average 3.30 0.58 7.69 1.51

Switzerland

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 3.30 0.58 7.75 1.44 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1996 3.34 0.60 7.84 1.47 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-ga 2000 3.30 0.55 7.66 1.84 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2007 3.36 0.60 7.87 1.49 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 3.32 0.59 7.40 1.64 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2017 3.27 0.60 7.68 1.50 Average 3.31 0.59 7.70 1.56

Taiwan

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1995 3.20 0.63 7.48 1.65 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-ga 2000 2.89 0.81 6.29 2.69 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 3.04 0.67 7.06 1.87 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 3.06 0.60 6.67 1.68 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2010 3.12 0.65 6.83 1.80 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2012 3.16 0.61 7.39 1.61 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2019 3.15 0.62 7.37 1.64 Average 3.09 0.65 7.01 1.85

Tajikistan

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2020 3.57 0.60 8.31 1.50 Average 3.57 0.60 8.31 1.50

Tanzania

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2001 3.50 0.64 8.17 1.60 Average 3.50 0.64 8.17 1.60

Thailand

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 3.32 0.62 7.77 1.58 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2013 3.31 0.65 7.75 1.65 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.15 0.70 7.28 1.92 Average 3.26 0.66 7.60 1.72

Trinidad and Tobago

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 3.37 0.75 7.77 2.01 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2010 3.41 0.72 7.89 1.90 Average 3.39 0.74 7.83 1.95

Tunisia

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2013 2.91 0.71 6.71 2.06 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2019 2.89 0.69 6.61 2.02 Average 2.90 0.70 6.66 2.04

Türkiye

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 1990 3.08 0.75 6.72 2.10 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 1996 3.37 0.73 7.53 2.02 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-g 1999 2.61 1.01 5.44 2.79 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2000 2.92 0.96 6.28 2.66 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-ga 2002 2.29 0.73 4.30 2.42 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2007 3.19 0.78 7.39 2.10 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-g 2008 2.93 0.90 6.20 3.20 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2012 3.18 0.79 7.34 2.14 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.06 0.65 7.10 1.82 Average 2.96 0.81 6.48 2.36

Uganda

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2001 3.03 0.73 6.95 2.05 Average 3.03 0.73 6.95 2.05

Ukraine

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1996 2.44 0.73 5.26 2.26 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-c 1998 2.26 0.74 4.19 2.45 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1999 2.44 0.75 5.24 2.33 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-ga 2001 2.61 0.91 5.55 2.61 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 2.83 0.69 6.49 2.05 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2011 2.84 0.75 6.45 2.19 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2020 2.96 0.68 6.84 1.94 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2020 2.93 0.71 6.72 2.04 Average 2.66 0.74 5.84 2.23

United Kingdom

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 1946 3.26 0.74 7.23 2.06 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1981 3.34 0.57 7.85 1.38 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 3.28 0.66 7.65 1.72 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 1991 3.20 0.62 7.16 1.73 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1998 3.21 0.67 7.49 1.78 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 3.43 0.65 8.01 1.64 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 3.31 0.61 7.75 1.55 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 3.21 0.62 7.08 1.73 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2018 3.33 0.63 7.80 1.59 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2022 3.22 0.62 7.52 1.63 Average 3.28 0.64 7.55 1.68

United States of America

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-g-sq-v-4-b 1946 3.37 0.66 7.55 1.85 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-b 1946 3.28 0.67 7.29 1.88 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 1946 3.30 0.66 7.33 1.84 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-b 1947 2.32 0.59 7.22 2.12 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-b 1947 3.32 0.68 7.39 1.90 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-b 1948 3.25 0.65 7.21 1.82 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-b 1948 3.32 0.69 7.40 1.93 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-b 1948 3.27 0.64 7.25 1.79 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-b 1952 3.37 0.69 7.53 1.92 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-b 1956 3.41 0.68 7.66 1.89 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-b 1956 3.44 0.63 7.73 1.76 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-aa 1974 3.18 0.75 7.09 2.07 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-aa 1974 3.18 0.75 7.09 2.07 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1981 3.24 0.62 7.58 1.59 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1990 3.28 0.68 7.64 1.78 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 1991 3.28 0.64 7.29 1.78 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1995 3.40 0.61 7.96 1.52 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 1998 3.25 0.69 7.19 1.93 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1999 3.32 0.61 7.79 1.51 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2002 3.32 0.65 7.39 1.82 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2006 3.27 0.59 7.67 1.49 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 3.32 0.62 7.38 1.74 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2011 3.25 0.66 7.58 1.73 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2017 3.15 0.65 7.35 1.74 Average 3.25 0.66 7.44 1.81

Uruguay

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1996 2.98 0.69 6.87 1.97 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2002 2.85 0.70 5.91 2.08 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 3.08 0.75 6.74 2.10 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2008 2.97 0.72 6.24 2.06 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2011 3.19 0.71 7.39 1.92 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2022 3.35 0.65 7.83 1.67 Average 3.07 0.71 6.83 1.97

Uzbekistan

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2011 3.61 0.56 8.43 1.35 Average 3.61 0.56 8.43 1.35

Venezuela

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 1996 3.48 0.64 8.10 1.61 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2000 3.42 0.74 7.89 1.98 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2001 3.26 0.81 6.86 2.22 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2002 3.13 0.89 6.49 2.46 O-HL-g-sq-v-4-f 2008 3.16 0.80 6.65 2.20 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2021 3.13 0.82 7.15 2.26 Average 3.26 0.78 7.19 2.12

Viet Nam

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2001 3.41 0.65 7.95 1.64 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 3.15 0.55 7.39 1.43 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2020 3.45 0.57 8.10 1.33 Average 3.33 0.59 7.82 1.47

Yemen

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2014 2.87 0.74 6.50 2.15 Average 2.87 0.74 6.50 2.15

Zambia

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2005 2.78 0.76 6.14 2.22 Average 2.78 0.76 6.14 2.22

Zimbabwe

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2001 2.66 0.90 5.81 2.62 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2012 3.16 0.81 7.22 2.23 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2020 2.54 0.96 5.46 2.80 Average 2.78 0.89 6.16 2.55