Correlational findings | World Database of Happiness

Study Ouweneel (2000): study ZZ 1980

Public: Adults, general public, 15 nations 1980, 39 nations 1990
Sample
Respondents: N = 50000
Non Response: n.a.
Assessment: Interview: face-to-face
Most studies used face-to-face interviews

Correlate

Authors's Label

Size of welfare state

Our Classification

Operationalization

Social security expenditure in % GNP per capita

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure

Statistics

Elaboration / Remarks

A-BB-cm-mq-v-2-a

r = ++ p < .05

PRODUCT-MOMENT CORRELATION COEFFICIENT (Also "Pearson's correlation coefficient' or simply 'correlation coefficient')

Type: test statistic.
Measurement level: Correlate: metric, Happiness: metric
Range: [-1; +1]

Meaning:
r = 0  « no correlation ,
r = 1  « perfect correlation, where high correlate values correspond with high happiness values, and
r = -1  « perfect correlation, where high correlate values correspond with low happiness values.

N=30

A-BB-cm-mq-v-2-a

rpc = + ns

PARTIAL CORRELATION COEFFICIENT

Type: test statistic
Measurement level: Correlate: metric, Happiness: metric
Range:  [-1; +1]

Meaning:  a partial correlation between happiness and one of the correlates is that correlation, which remains after accounting for the contribution of the other influences, or some of them, to the total variability in the happiness scores.
Under that conditions
rpc > 0  « a higher correlate level corresponds with  a higher  happiness rating,
rpc < 0  «  a higher correlate level corresponds with  a lower  happiness rating,

N=27

O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-a

r = + ns

PRODUCT-MOMENT CORRELATION COEFFICIENT (Also "Pearson's correlation coefficient' or simply 'correlation coefficient')

N=32

O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-a

rpc = - ns

PARTIAL CORRELATION COEFFICIENT

N=29

O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a

r = + ns

PRODUCT-MOMENT CORRELATION COEFFICIENT (Also "Pearson's correlation coefficient' or simply 'correlation coefficient')

N=38

O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a

rpc = + ns

PARTIAL CORRELATION COEFFICIENT

N=35

rpc's controlled for Real GDP