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Correlational findings

Study Wallace & Pichler (2009): study ZZ Europe 2002

Public
18+ aged, 19 European nations, 2002-2003
Sample
Respondents
N = 36017
Non Response
Assessment
Interview: face-to-face

Correlate

Authors's Label
Civic participation in nation
Our Classification
Related specification variables
Operationalization
Average civic participation in nation not explained by individual characteristics. This 'differential' indicates unobserved civic culture in nations.

Civic participation is measured using questions on involvement in 12 kinds of voluntary organizations.

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-HL-u-sq-n-11-a r = +.78 p < .05 AVERAGE happiness by AVERAGE civic participation in 19 nations O-HL-u-sq-n-11-a rpc = +.35 p < .05 rpc controlled for Western-central regime O-HL-u-sq-n-11-a rpc = -.42 p < .05 rpc controlled for Nordic welfare regime O-HL-u-sq-n-11-a rpc = +.51 p < .05 rpc controlled for Southern welfare regime O-HL-u-sq-n-11-a rpc = +.97 p < .05 rpc controlled for Eastern welfare regime O-HL-u-sq-n-11-a rpc = +.66 p < .05 rpc controlled for GDP O-SLW-c-sq-n-11-cd rpc = +.70 p < .05 rpc controlled for Western-central welfare regime O-SLW-c-sq-n-11-cd rpc = -.26 p < .05 rcp controlled for Nordic welfare regime O-SLW-c-sq-n-11-cd rpc = +.21 p < .05 rpc controlled for Southern welfare regime O-SLW-c-sq-n-11-cd rpc = +.90 p < .05 rpc controlled for Eastern welfare regime O-SLW-c-sq-n-11-cd rpc = +.66 p < .05 rcp controlled for GDP O-SLW-c-sq-n-11-cd rpc = +.78 p < .05 rpc's based on 'differential' averages of both happiness and civic participation, that is, average scores net of effect of personal characteristics.

Rpc's controlled for:
- age
- gender
- education
- occupational status
- residence