Bradburn (1969): study US 1963
Publication
- Author(s):
- Bradburn, N.M.
- Title:
- The Structure of Psychological Well-Being.
- Source:
- Aldine Publishing, 1969, Chicago, USA
Investigation
- Public
- 21-60 aged, urban areas, USA, 1963 - 64
- Sample
- Respondents
- N = 2787
- Non Response
- ± 20%, Attrition ± 30%
- Assessment
-
Interview: face-to-face
Repeated interviews at home using highly structured questionnaires
Happiness Measure(s) and Distributional Findings
- Full text:
-
Self report on 10 questions:
During the past few weeks, did you ever feel ....? (yes/no)
A Particularly excited or interested in something?
B So restless that you couldn't sit long in a chair?
C Proud because someone complimented you on something
you had done?
D Very lonely or remote from other people?
E Pleased about having accomplished something?
F Bored?
G On top of the world?
H Depressed or very unhappy?
I That things were going your way?
J Upset because someone criticized you?
Answer options and scoring:
yes = 1
no = 0
Summation:
-Positive Affect Score (PAS): A+C+E+G+I
-Negative Affect Score (NAS): B+D+F+H+J
-Affect Balance Score (ABS): PAS minus NAS
Possible range: -5 to +5
Name: Bradburn's 'Affect Balance Scale' (standard version) - Classification:
- A-BB-cm-mq-v-2-a
- Author's label:
- Psychological well-being
- Remarks:
- Actual range: 2% score -4 or -5, 5% -3, 10% -2, 14% -1, 21% 0, 20% +1,
15% +2, 10% +3, 3% +4 or +5 - Error estimates:
- Reliability: Equivalence: - positive items : G ranging from +.23 to +.72 - negative items : G ranging from +.41 to +.71 - positive x negative items : G ranging from -.28 to +.25 - positive affect score x negative affect score : T1: G=+.08, T3: G=+.02 Washington suburban county : T1: G=+.13, T3: G=+.07 Working class neighbourhood, Chicago : T1: G=+.04, T3: G=-.06 All-white suburb, Detroit : T1: G=+.08, T3: G=+.14 Negro inner city, Detroit : T1: G=+.04, T3: G=-.20 Ten metropolitan areas : T1: G=+.11, T3: G=+.02 Retest reliability (retest after 3 days, N=174): - Affect Balance Scale : G=+.76 - Index of Positive Affects : G=+.83 - Index of Negative Affects : G=+.81 - positive items separately : G ranging from +.86 to +.96 - negative items separately : G ranging from +.90 to +.97 Repeat reliability: Non-significant differences in average Ridit values in the four interviews for affect balance, positive affect and negative affect. White suburb Detroit only. Validity:
- Observed distribution
- Summary Statistics
- On original range -5 - 5 On range 0-10
- Mean:
- 0.35 5.35
- SD:
- - -
- Full text:
-
Self report on single question:
Taken all together, how would you say things are these days? Would you say that you are....?
3 very happy
2 pretty happy
1 not too happy - Classification:
- O-HL-c-sq-v-3-aa
- Author's label:
- Psychological well-being
- Error estimates:
- Reliability: Repeat reliability: All samples: T1 - T3: +.74 for males, G= +.71 for females. White suburb, Detroit only: T1 - T2: G=+.65 for males, G=+.79 for females T2 - T3: G=+.68 for males, G=+.79 for females T3 - T4: G=+.80 for males, G=+.84 for females Validity:
- Observed distribution
- Frequencies
- 1: 8%, 2: 59%, 3: 33% (total 100%)
- Summary Statistics
- On original range 1 - 3 On range 0-10
- Mean:
- 2.25 6.25
- SD:
- - -
- Full text:
-
Self report on single question:
In getting the things you want out of life, how would you say that you are right now.....?
3 very well
2 pretty well
1 not too well - Classification:
- C-W-c-sq-v-3-a
- Author's label:
- Psychological well-being
- Remarks:
- Assessed at T3: 27% very well, 65% pretty well, 8% not too well M=2.19 Ms'=6.0
- Observed distribution
- Frequencies
- 1: 8%, 2: 65%, 3: 27% (total 100%)
- Summary Statistics
- On original range 1 - 3 On range 0-10
- Mean:
- 2.19 6.00
- SD:
- - -