print

Personality in nations

VariableMeasurementEraSPSS codeNSource
AcquiescenceRevised NEO personality inventory* 2002Acquiescence_200256Schmitt 2007 table 5
AgreablenessRevised NEO personality inventory* 1992-2002Agreableness_200036McCrae 2002 table 3
2002Agreableness2_200256Schmitt 2007 table 5
44-item Big Five Inventory (BFI).
Sample item: “I see myself as someone who has a forgiving nature†(agreeableness)
1998-2015Agreableness3_1998-2015100Gebauer et al 2020
Anger 2006-2009Anger_2006.2009  
2011-2013Anger_2011-2013  
AnxietyRevised NEO personality inventory* 1992-2002Anxiety_200036McCrae 2002 table 3
– state anxiety Spiegelberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) assessed in 123 samples of various non-clinical adult populations in various nations 1970-2006AnxietyState_1970_200628Fischer & Boer 2011: 172
– trait anxiety 1970-2006Anxietytrait_1970_200624
Anxiety at work Survey among IBM-employees. Single question: “How often do you feel nervous or tense at work”
(1 = always, 5= never)
1965-69AnxietyWork_196822Lynn 1995 table 1 Data Hofstede (1980)
AuthenticityCorrelation between ratings on NEO personality inventory of self and observer 1992-2002SimilarityRatings_Self-Observer_Personality_200029Allik 2010 table 1
Difference between ratings on NEO subscale Positive Emotions by self and observer 1992-2002SimilarityRatings_Self-Observer_PositiveEmotions_2002
ConscientiousnessRevised NEO personality inventory* 1992-2002Conscientiousness_200036McCrae 2002 table 3
2002Conscientiousness_200256Schmitt 2007 table 5
44-item Big Five Inventory (BFI)
Sample item: I see myself as a is a reliable worker†(conscientiousness)
1998-2015Concientiousness3_1998-2015100Gebauer et al 2020
Emotionality% responding ‘yes’ to 10 questions about emotions felt the day before; 5 positive and 5 negative 2009-2011Emotionality_2009.11136Clifton 2012
Emotional stabilitySellfreport on single question: How often in the past week one felt calm and peacefull2006EmotionalStability_200622Rugeri 2016 table 3
2012Emotional stability_201222Rugeri 2016 table 4
Extraversion Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, E-score1980-90Extraversion1_198535Lynn 1995 table 1
Revised NEO personality inventory* 1992-2002Extraversion2_200036McCrae 2002 table 3
2002Extraversion2_200256Schmitt 2007 table 5
44-item Big Five Inventory (BFI)
Sample item: I see myself as outgoing, sociable†(extraversion)
1998-2015EXtraversion3_1998-2015100Gebauer et al 2020
HedonismEnjoyment of mundane pleasures1996Hedonism1_19968Arise 1996 table 14
Guilt about mundane pleasures1996Hedonism2_19968Arise 1996 table 15-27
Neuroticism Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, N-score1980-90Neuroticism1_198535Lynn 1995 table 1
Revised NEO personality inventory* 1992-2002Neuroticism2_200036McCrae 2002 table 3
2002Neurotisism2_200256Schmitt 2007 table 5
200?Neuroticism200x46McCrae & Terraciano 2005 table 2
44-item Big Five Inventory (BFI)
Sample item: I see myself as someone who worries a lot†(neuroticism).
1998-2015Neuroticism3_1998-2015100Gebauer et al 2020
OpenessRevised NEO personality inventory* 1992-2002Openness_200036McCrae 2002 table 3
2002Openness_200256Schmitt 2007 table 5
44-item Big Five Inventory (BFI)
Sample item: I see myself as someone who has an active imagination (openness to experience)
1998-2015Openness3_1998-2015100Gebauer et al 2020
OptimismPercent of maximal positive score (POMP) on Scheier & Carver (1985) Life Orientation Scale (LOT) and variants 1985-2005Optimism_1985-200522Fisher & Chalmers (2008) table 1
Selfreport: Always optimistic about my future2006Optimism2_200622Rugeri 2016 table 3
2012Optimism2_201222Rugeri 2016 table 4
PsychoticismEysenck Personality Questionnaire, P-score1980-90Psychoticism1_8535Lynn 1995 table 1
Revised NEO personality inventory* 1992-2002Psychoticism2_200036McCrae 2002 table 3
Self esteem Rosenberg (1965) Self Esteem Scale, which involves the following 10 questions:
a: I feel that I am a person of worth, at least on an equal plane with others
b: I feel that I have a number of good qualities
c: All in all, I am inclined to feel that I am a failure
d: I am able to do things as well as most other people
e: I feel I do not have much to be proud of
f: I take a positive attitude towards myself
g: On the whole, I am satisfied with myself
h: I wish I could have more respect for myself
i: I certainly feel useless at times
j: At times I think I am no good at all
Rated: Strong disagree (1) to strongly agree (4)
2002SelfEsteem_200253Schmidt & Alik 2005 table 4
Sellfreport on single question: In general I feel positive about myself2006SelfEsteem2_200622Rugeri 2016 table 3
2012SelfEsteem2_201222Rugeri 2016 table 4

Related topics: Affect, Mental health
Related themes: Psychology, Values

The dataset States of Nations is about characteristics of countries in periods (macro variables). It is part of the World Database of Happiness. Developed for the identification of societal conditions for happiness, this data set can also be used for other purposes.