Distributional Findings on Happiness by measure type and by year in the general public of Japan (JP)

3-step verbal Happiness (111B)

Typical text:

In general, how happy would you say you are?:
- very happy
- fairly happy
- not very happy
very = 3...not very = 1

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 3) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-g-sq-v-3-d 1975 1.84 0.58 6.16 1.48 Average 1.84 0.58 6.16 1.48

4-step verbal Happiness (111C)

Typical text:

Taking all things together, would you say you are?:
- very happy
- quite happy
- not very happy
- not at all happy
very = 4 ......not at all = 1

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-c-sq-v-4-p 1981 2.98 0.62 6.91 1.76 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-p 1990 3.00 0.61 6.96 1.75 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-p 1995 3.25 0.62 7.60 1.60 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-p 2000 3.17 0.62 7.41 1.65 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-p 2005 3.18 0.63 7.42 1.67 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-f 2007 3.04 0.64 6.60 1.80 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-p 2010 3.22 0.65 7.50 1.72 O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a 2019 3.20 0.62 7.48 1.63 Average 3.13 0.63 7.23 1.70

5-step verbal Happiness (111D)

Typical text:

How happy do you feel as you live now?
- very happy
- somewhat happy
- neither happy nor unhappy
- not very happy
- not happy at all
very happy = 5 .... Not happy at all = 1

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 5) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-c-sq-v-5-e 1979 3.66 0.73 6.19 1.42 Average 3.66 0.73 6.19 1.42

7-step verbal Happiness (111F)

Typical text:

Considering your life as a whole, would you describe it as
- very unhappy
- unhappy
- mixed
- happy
- very happy
very happy = 7 .... very unhappy = 1

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 7) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-g-sq-v-7-a 2002 5.56 0.98 7.87 1.88 Average 5.56 0.98 7.87 1.88

5-step numeral happiness (112A)

Typical text:

Are you happy?
1: very unhappy
:
5: very happy

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 5) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-u-sq-n-5-a 2000 3.84 0.95 7.09 2.37 O-HL-u-sq-n-5-a 2001 3.85 0.97 7.11 2.43 O-HL-u-sq-n-5-a 2002 3.83 0.95 7.06 2.37 O-HL-u-sq-n-5-a 2003 3.79 0.97 6.96 2.42 O-HL-u-sq-n-5-a 2005 3.83 0.93 7.07 2.34 O-HL-u-sq-n-5-a 2006 3.90 0.94 7.24 2.34 O-HL-u-sq-n-5-a 2008 3.92 0.95 7.29 2.37 O-HL-u-sq-n-5-a 2010 3.90 0.93 Average 3.85 0.95 7.12 2.38

11-step numeral Happiness (112G)

Typical text:

Generally speaking, how happy do you feel?
10 extremely happy
:
0 extremely unhappy

Finding Measure Code Year Original (0 - 10) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-HL-c-sq-n-11-f 2011 6.46 2.02 6.46 2.02 Average 6.46 2.02 6.46 2.02

4-step verbal LifeSatisfaction (121C)

Typical text:

How satisfied are you with the life you lead?
- very satisfied
- fairly satisfied
- not very satisfied
- not at all satisfied
very = 4 ....... not at all = 1

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 4) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-f 1958 2.68 0.85 5.73 2.13 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-f 1959 2.79 0.81 6.07 2.01 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-f 1961 2.73 0.77 5.94 1.95 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-f 1962 2.75 0.79 5.97 1.96 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-f 1963 2.82 0.80 6.12 1.96 O-SLu-u-sq-v-4-e 1964 2.63 0.63 5.48 1.45 O-SLu-u-sq-v-4-e 1965 2.62 0.64 5.44 1.49 O-SLu-u-sq-v-4-e 1966 2.59 0.66 5.38 1.54 O-SLu-u-sq-v-4-e 1967 2.63 0.65 5.45 1.50 O-SLu-u-sq-v-4-e 1968 2.68 0.65 5.55 1.47 O-SLu-u-sq-v-4-e 1969 2.66 0.65 5.53 1.47 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-e 1970 2.68 0.64 5.92 1.72 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-e 1971 2.58 0.66 5.65 1.77 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-e 1972 2.61 0.66 5.72 1.77 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-e 1973 2.66 0.73 5.85 1.94 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-e 1974 2.51 0.68 5.46 1.80 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-e 1974 2.47 0.70 5.35 1.85 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-e 1975 2.62 0.67 5.74 1.77 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-e 1975 2.58 0.66 5.65 1.76 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-e 1976 2.63 0.67 5.77 1.77 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-e 1976 2.61 0.65 5.72 1.74 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-e 1977 2.70 0.70 5.94 1.86 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-e 1978 2.67 0.64 5.87 1.71 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-e 1979 2.72 0.64 6.01 1.70 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-e 1980 2.64 0.66 5.81 1.75 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-e 1981 2.66 0.65 5.84 1.74 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-e 1982 2.68 0.64 5.92 1.71 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-e 1983 2.67 0.65 5.89 1.72 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-e 1984 2.68 0.64 5.90 1.72 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-e 1985 2.75 0.64 6.09 1.70 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-e 1986 2.71 0.64 5.99 1.71 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-e 1987 2.67 0.65 5.88 1.74 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-e 1988 2.67 0.65 5.89 1.74 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-e 1989 2.64 0.67 5.80 1.77 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-e 1990 2.70 0.66 5.97 1.76 O-SLu-c-sq-v-4-e 1991 2.71 0.65 5.98 1.72 O-SLW-c-sq-v-4-e 1992 2.75 0.72 6.10 1.58 O-SLW-c-sq-v-4-e 1993 2.76 0.73 6.12 1.59 O-SLW-u-sq-v-4-g 1993 3.00 0.72 6.78 1.79 O-SLW-c-sq-v-4-e 1994 2.68 0.74 5.96 1.63 O-SLW-c-sq-v-4-e 1995 2.81 0.68 6.25 1.79 O-SLW-c-sq-v-4-e 1996 2.76 0.72 6.11 1.59 O-SLW-c-sq-v-4-e 1997 2.71 0.76 6.00 1.65 O-SLW-u-sq-v-4-g 1998 2.95 0.73 6.65 1.83 O-SLW-c-sq-v-4-e 1999 2.64 0.80 5.87 1.71 O-SLW-c-sq-v-4-e 2001 2.61 0.78 5.79 1.70 O-SLW-c-sq-v-4-e 2002 2.59 0.79 5.76 1.71 O-SLW-c-sq-v-4-e 2003 2.55 0.79 5.66 1.72 O-SLW-c-sq-v-4-e 2004 2.58 0.78 5.73 1.70 O-SLW-c-sq-v-4-e 2005 2.58 0.79 5.73 1.71 O-SLW-c-sq-v-4-e 2006 2.69 0.74 5.96 1.64 O-SLW-c-sq-v-4-e 2007 2.62 0.77 5.77 2.01 O-SLW-c-sq-v-4-e 2008 2.59 0.78 5.74 1.71 O-SLW-c-sq-v-4-e 2009 2.60 0.78 5.77 1.70 O-SLW-c-sq-v-4-e 2010 2.64 0.78 5.86 1.69 O-SLW-c-sq-v-4-e 2011 2.69 0.76 5.95 1.67 O-SLW-c-sq-v-4-e 2012 2.71 0.75 5.99 1.65 O-SLW-c-sq-v-4-e 2013 2.77 0.70 6.14 1.56 Average 2.67 0.71 5.86 1.73

5-step verbal LifeSatisfaction (121D)

Typical text:

Overall, how satisfied are you with your present life?
- very satisfied
- fairly satisfied
- neither satisfied nor dissatisfied
- fairly dissatisfied
- very dissatisfied
very satisfied = 5 ..... very dissatisfied = 1

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 5) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-SLu-g-sq-v-5-e 1978 3.48 0.99 5.84 1.45 O-SLu-c-sq-v-5-ab 1979 3.45 0.74 5.77 1.27 O-SLu-g-sq-v-5-e 1981 3.46 1.00 5.81 1.45 O-SLu-g-sq-v-5-e 1984 3.59 0.98 6.02 1.46 O-SLu-g-sq-v-5-e 1987 3.35 1.02 5.65 1.48 O-SLu-c-sq-v-5-n 1988 3.92 1.04 6.79 1.60 O-SLu-g-sq-v-5-e 1990 3.37 1.02 5.68 1.47 O-SLu-g-sq-v-5-e 1993 3.34 0.98 5.62 1.40 O-SLu-g-sq-v-5-e 1995 3.53 1.03 5.93 1.52 O-SLu-g-sq-v-5-e 1996 3.26 1.03 5.52 1.46 O-SLu-g-sq-v-5-e 1999 3.19 1.02 5.41 1.42 O-SLW-u-sq-v-5-h 2001 3.42 1.05 5.77 1.55 O-SLu-g-sq-v-5-e 2002 3.12 1.01 5.31 1.40 O-SLu-c-sq-v-5-n 2002 3.95 1.02 6.82 1.58 O-SLu-c-sq-v-5-n 2005 3.84 1.02 6.64 1.57 Average 3.48 1.00 5.90 1.47

7-step verbal LifeSatisfaction (121F)

Typical text:

Taking all together, how satisfied are you with your life-as-a-whole these days?
- completely satisfied
- very satisfied
- satisfied
- satisfied nor unsatisfied
- unsatisfied
- very unsatisfied
- completely dissatisfied
completely satisfied = 7 ... completely diss = 1

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 7) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-SLW-u-sq-n-7-b 1991 4.64 1.19 6.06 1.99 Average 4.64 1.19 6.06 1.99

10-step numeral LifeSatisfaction (122F)

Typical text:

All things considered, how satisfied are you with your life as-a-whole now?
10 satisfied
.: .
1 dissatisfied

Finding Measure Code Year Original (1 - 10) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-a 1981 6.59 1.88 6.22 2.09 O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-a 1990 6.53 1.75 6.14 1.94 O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-a 1995 6.72 1.83 6.36 2.03 O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-a 2000 6.48 1.97 6.09 2.19 O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-a 2005 6.99 1.81 6.66 2.01 * O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-I 2010 6.91 1.98 6.57 2.20 * O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-I 2019 6.76 1.92 6.40 2.13 Average 6.71 1.88 6.35 2.08

11-step numeral LifeSatisfaction (122G)

Typical text:

All things considered, how satisfied or dissatisfied are you with your life as-a-whole these days?
10 very satisfied
:
0 not satisfied

Finding Measure Code Year Original (0 - 10) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-SLW-c-sq-m-11-a 1975 6.05 1.73 6.05 1.73 O-SLW-c-sq-n-11-a 2007 6.75 1.90 6.75 1.90 Average 6.40 1.81 6.40 1.81

11-step life-satisfaction plus imputation of missing cases (19G)

Typical text:

All things considered, how satisfied or dissatisfied are you with your life as-a-whole these days?
10 very satisfied
:
0 not satisfied
Missing cases of average life-satisfaction in nations estimated on the basis of a combination of observed components of happiness in that nation:
1) Afffective component, measured using responses to multiple questions about yesterday's affective experience, from which an affect balance score was computed
2) Cognitive component, measured using responses to single question on Best-Worst possible life
Computation explained in EHERO Working Paper 2021-3 https://www.eur.nl/en/ehero/media/2021-03-ehero-workingpaper2021-3 How to complete the ranklist of happiness in nations

Finding Measure Code Year Original (0 - 10) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD O-SLW-*-ds-nt-11-a 2007 6.49 O-SLW-*-ds-nt-11-a 2008 5.87 O-SLW-*-ds-nt-11-a 2009 6.08 O-SLW-*-ds-nt-11-a 2010 6.40 O-SLW-*-ds-nt-11-a 2011 6.64 O-SLW-*-ds-nt-11-a 2012 6.45 O-SLW-*-ds-nt-11-a 2013 6.55 O-SLW-*-ds-nt-11-a 2014 6.30 O-SLW-*-ds-nt-11-a 2015 6.32 O-SLW-*-ds-nt-11-a 2016 6.46 O-SLW-*-ds-nt-11-a 2017 6.40 O-SLW-*-ds-nt-11-a 2018 6.37 O-SLW-*-ds-nt-11-a 2019 6.50 Average 6.37

10-item Affect Balance Scale (Bradburn) (222)

Typical text:

During the past few weeks did you ever feel (yes/no)
- particularly excited or interested in something?
- so restless that you couldn't sit long in a chair?
- proud because someone complimented you on something you had done?
- very lonely or remote from other people?
- pleased about having accomplished something?
- bored?
- on top of the world?
- depressed?
- that things were going your way?
- upset because someone criticized you?

Finding Measure Code Year Original (-5 - 5) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD A-BB-cm-mq-v-2-a 1981 0.26 5.26 A-BB-cm-mq-v-2-a 1990 0.39 1.58 5.39 1.58 Average 0.32 1.58 5.33 1.58

More days like yesterday (24A)

Typical text:

Do you want more days like yesterday?
- yes
- no
% yes

Finding Measure Code Year Original (0 - 100) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD A-AOL-yd-sq-v-2-a 2008 65.00 Average 65.00

6 item yesterday Affect Balance (24D)

Typical text:

Did you feel yesterday.. (yes/no)?
- enjoyment
- worry
- sadness
- anger
- depression
- did you smile and laugh a lot

Finding Measure Code Year Original (-100 - 100) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-tb 2008 58.91 7.95 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-tb 2009 61.55 8.08 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-tb 2010 63.94 8.20 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-tb 2011 59.47 7.97 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-tb 2012 60.54 8.03 Average 60.88 8.05

10 item Yesterday Affect Balance (24E)

Typical text:

Did you feel yesterday (yes/no)
- well-rested
- treated with respect
- smile and laugh a lot
- learn or do something interesting
- enjoyment
- physical pain
- worry
- sadness
- stress
- anger

Rated:
0: no
1: yes

Computation: (A+B+C+D+E) - (F+G+H+I+J)

Finding Measure Code Year Original (-100 - 100) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-mb 2006 50.00 7.50 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-mb 2007 48.00 7.40 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-mb 2008 46.00 7.30 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-mb 2009 49.00 7.50 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-mb 2010 58.00 7.90 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-mb 2011 51.00 7.60 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-mb 2012 52.00 7.60 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-mb 2013 50.00 7.50 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-mb 2014 43.00 7.20 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-mb 2015 46.00 7.30 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-mb 2016 48.00 7.40 Average 49.18 7.47

11 item Yesterday's Affect Balance (24F)

Typical text:

Did you feel yesterday.. (yes/no)?
- well rested
- worried
- proud
- depressed
- ...etc
Computation: % positive affect minus % negative affect

Finding Measure Code Year Original (-100 - 100) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-o 2008 51.00 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-o 2012 52.23 Average 51.61

14-item Yesterday's Affect Balance (24G)

Typical text:

Did you feel yesterday.. (yes/no)?
- well rested
- worried
- proud
- depressed
- ...etc
Computation: % positive affect minus % negative affect

Finding Measure Code Year Original (-100 - 100) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-b 2008 43.00 Average 43.00

11-step numeral Best-Worst possible Life (32D)

Typical text:

Suppose the top of the ladder represents the best possible life for you and the bottom of the ladder the worst possible life. Where on this ladder do you feel you personally stand at the present time?
- 10
- .
- .
- 0

Finding Measure Code Year Original (0 - 10) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD C-BW-c-sq-l-11-a 1962 5.20 1.73 5.20 1.73 C-BW-c-sq-m-11-a 1975 5.76 1.84 5.76 1.84 C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c 2002 5.88 1.83 5.88 1.83 C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c 2005 6.52 1.79 6.52 1.79 C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c 2006 6.51 1.78 6.51 1.78 C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c 2007 6.23 1.98 6.23 1.98 C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c 2007 6.24 1.99 6.24 1.99 C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c 2008 5.91 1.92 5.91 1.92 C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c 2008 5.91 1.93 5.91 1.93 C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c 2009 5.84 1.86 5.84 1.86 C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c 2010 6.06 1.98 6.06 1.98 C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c 2011 6.26 1.99 6.26 1.99 C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c 2012 5.97 1.90 5.97 1.90 C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c 2013 5.96 1.91 5.96 1.91 C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c 2014 5.92 1.89 5.92 1.89 C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c 2015 5.88 1.81 5.88 1.81 C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c 2016 5.95 1.90 5.95 1.90 C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c 2017 5.91 1.95 5.91 1.95 C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c 2018 5.79 1.92 5.79 1.92 C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c 2019 5.91 1.88 5.91 1.88 C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c 2020 6.12 6.12 Average 5.99 1.89 5.99 1.89

10/11-step Feel Happy (411H)

Typical text:

Where would you put your life as a whole on the feeling thermometer? (graphic scale from very cold, negative to very warm, positive)
- very warm
- .
- very cold
very warm = 100 ....very cold = 1

Finding Measure Code Year Original (0 - 10) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD M-FH-g-sq-n-11-a 1972 6.89 1.64 6.89 1.64 M-FH-g-sq-n-11-a 1978 6.82 1.74 6.82 1.74 M-FH-g-sq-n-11-a 1981 6.76 1.73 6.76 1.73 M-FH-g-sq-n-11-a 1984 6.87 1.76 6.87 1.76 M-FH-g-sq-n-11-a 1987 6.48 1.79 6.48 1.79 M-FH-g-sq-n-11-a 1990 6.50 1.79 6.50 1.79 M-FH-g-sq-n-11-a 1993 6.54 1.72 6.54 1.72 O-HL-c-sq-n-11-ax 2002 6.39 1.99 6.39 1.99 Average 6.66 1.77 6.66 1.77

()

Typical text:

Finding Measure Code Year Original (-100 - 100) Scale (0 - 10) mean SD mean SD A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-fb 2005 58.58 7.93 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-fb 2007 52.49 7.62 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-j 2011 0.59 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-fb 2013 61.92 8.10 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-fb 2014 55.21 7.76 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-fb 2015 59.17 7.96 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-fb 2016 56.77 7.84 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-fb 2017 56.49 7.82 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-fb 2018 51.81 7.59 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-fb 2019 54.84 7.74 Average