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Correlational findings

Study Tsurumi et al. (2018): study JP Tokyo 2014

Public
20-83 aged, general public, Tokyo, Japan, 2014
Survey name
Unnamed study
Sample
Respondents
N = 2758
Non Response
38%
Assessment
Questionnaire: Conputer Assisted Web Interview (CAWI)

Correlate

Authors's Label
Proximity to greenery
Our Classification
Remarks
Author refers to 'distance from nearest greenery', but the reported b's reflect 'proximity'
Distribution
1: M = 12% SD = 0.11
2: M =15%, SD = 0.09
3: M =16%, SD = 0.09
4: M =15 %, SD = 0.08
Operationalization
Proximity to nearest greenery in:
a residential area
b roadsides
c commercial areas
d industrial area
e farmland
f  forests and wilderness
g waterfronts, parks
h public faciities
I  railroads.
Distances:
4 0-100 m
3 100-500 m
2 500-1000 m
1 1000-1500 m

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-SLW-u-sq-n-11-cc b = +.08 p < .05 Distance 0-100 m O-SLW-u-sq-n-11-cc Beta = +.01 Beta (+.004) computed by WDH O-SLW-u-sq-n-11-cc b = +.07 p < .10 Distance 100-500 m O-SLW-u-sq-n-11-cc Beta = +.00 Beta (+.004) computed by WDH team O-SLW-u-sq-n-11-cc b = +.11 p < .10 Distance 500-1000 m O-SLW-u-sq-n-11-cc Beta = +.00 Beta (+.004) computed by WDH team O-SLW-u-sq-n-11-cc b = +.12 p < .10 Distance 1000-1500 m O-SLW-u-sq-n-11-cc Beta = +.00 Beta (+.004) computed by WDH team O-HL-g-sq-n-11-b b = +.11 p < .05 Distance 0-100 m O-HL-g-sq-n-11-b Beta = +.00 Beta (+.005) computed by WDH team O-HL-g-sq-n-11-b b = +.13 p < .05 Distance 100-500 m O-HL-g-sq-n-11-b Beta = +.00 Beta (+.005) computed by WDH team O-HL-g-sq-n-11-b b = +.12 p < .05 Distance 500-1000 m O-HL-g-sq-n-11-b Beta = +.00 Beta (+.005) computed by WDH team O-HL-g-sq-n-11-b b = +.11 p < .05 Distance 1000-1500 m O-HL-g-sq-n-11-b Beta = +.00 Beta (+.004) computed by WDH team C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c b = +.08 p < .01 Distance 0-100 m C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c Beta = +.00 Beta (+.004) computed by WDH team C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c b = +.07 p < .01 Distance 100-500 m C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c Beta = +.00 Beta (+.003) computed by WDH team C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c b = +.05 ns Distance 500-1000 m C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c Beta = +.00 Beta (+.002) computed by WDH team C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c b = +.04 ns Distance 1000-1500 m C-BW-c-sq-l-11-c Beta = +.00 Beta (+.001) computed by WDH team A-AB-yd-mq-v-3-a b = +.26 ns Distance 0-100 m A-AB-yd-mq-v-3-a Beta = +.02 Beta (+.024) computed by WDH team A-AB-yd-mq-v-3-a b = +.58 p < .01 Distance 100-500 m A-AB-yd-mq-v-3-a Beta = +.04 Beta (+.044) computed by WDH team A-AB-yd-mq-v-3-a b = +.52 p < .01 Distance 500-1000 m A-AB-yd-mq-v-3-a Beta = +.04 Beta (+.040) computed by WDH team A-AB-yd-mq-v-3-a b = +.42 p < .10 Distance 1000-1500 m A-AB-yd-mq-v-3-a Beta = +.03 Beta (+.029) computed by WDH team

b's controlled for:
- age and age squared
- gender (male)
- chronic illness
- marital status
- extraversion
- agreeableness
- neuroticism
- conscientiousness
- openness to experience
- household income (log)
- employment status
- floorspace per person
- education
- number of people who can be relied upon
- community participation
- participation in elections
- experience of crime
- satisfaction with accessibility
- lifelong learning

Ordered probit analysis results in a similar pattern

Remarkable: Separate analysis for each type of greenery shows that the highest positive b's are for industrial areas, roadsides and commercial areas, while the b's for greenery along waterfronts are negatively associated with happiness. Correlations with proximity to greenery in residential areas are marginally positive.