Study Gump (1972): study US 1965
- Public
- Female students college seniors, followed two months, Rochester, USA,1965-66
- Sample
- Respondents
- N = 162
- Non Response
- Assessment
-
Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)
Questionnaire completed in class
Correlate
- Authors's Label
- Sex-role attitude
- Our Classification
-
-
- Remarks
- Assessed at T2.
- Operationalization
- 24-item inventory indicative of a self- or other orientation. (revised Fand Inventory; see FAND 1955) Seven factors and two composite scores were derived.
1. Identity derived through traditional
roles:
Factor indicative of identity
derived through the status conferred
by marriage and children, rather
than through own efforts
(otherorientatation)
2. Woman's role is submissive:
Factor indicative of a traditional,
submissive sex-role attitude (other-
orientation)
3. Need for individualistic achievement
and satisfaction:
Factor indicative of a need for per-
sonal fulfillment and development
(self-orientation)
4. Home orientated, duty to children
stressed:
Factor indicative of the belief that
the 'good mother' remains at home to
care for her children (other orien-
tation)
5. Traditional role implies some relin-
quishing of needs for personal ful-
fillment:
Factor indicative of a feeling of
some inherent contradiction in ful-
filling oneself as an individual and
fulfilling oneself as a wife and
mother (other-orientation)
6. Sense of autonomy and heightened in-
dependence:
Factor indicative of a concern with
personal development and not with
the approval of other people (self-
orientation)
7. Family inadequate to completely ful-
full needs:
Factor indicative of a need of some-
thing over and beyond a family to
fulfull oneself (self-orientation)