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Correlational findings

Study Biyase & Naanwaab (2021): study ZA 2008

Public
17+ aged general public South Africa, followed 9 years 2088-2016
Survey name
SA-NIDS
Sample
Respondents
N = 28000
Non Response
Assessment
Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)

Correlate

Authors's Label
Income variables: Expectations income
Our Classification
Related specification variables
Operationalization
Expect to be the same 2 years hence:
1 Yes
0 No

Expect to be better of 2 years hence:
1 Yes
0 No

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-a b = +.60 p < .01 CURRENT happiness by Expect to be the same 2 years hence
- rural dwellers b = +.64(01)
- urban dwellers b = +.53(01) O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-a b-fix = +.53 p < .01 CHANGE happiness by Expect to be the same 2 years hence
- rural dwellers b = +.58(01)
- urban dwellers b = +.45(01) O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-a b = +.98 p < .01 CURRENT happiness by Expect to be better off 2 years hence
- rural dwellers b = +1.06(01)
- urban dwellers b = +.89(01)

b controled for
- gender
- age
- ethinicity
- marital status
- employment
- household size
- household facilities
- religion
- crime
- trust
- income
- expected improvement
- perceived relative income O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-a b-fix = +.78 p < .01 CHANGE happiness by Expect to be better off 2 years hence
- rural dwellers b-fix = +.82(01)
- urban dwellers b-fix = +.70(01)

b-fix additionally controled for
- happiness 2 years ago (to capture change)