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Correlational findings

Study Biyase & Naanwaab (2021): study ZA 2008

Public
17+ aged general public South Africa, followed 9 years 2088-2016
Survey name
SA-NIDS
Sample
Respondents
N = 28000
Non Response
Assessment
Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)

Correlate

Authors's Label
Rural
Our Classification
Operationalization
1 rural residence
0 urban residence

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-a DM = 0 ns CURRENT happiness by rural residence
- rural M = 5
- urban M = 5,22

Mean of rural sample not reported, but said to be similar to urban sample
O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-a b = +.15 p < .01 b controled for:
- Individual variables
- Age
- Ethnicity  
- Language
- Family status
- Health
- Gender
- Employment
- Household variables
- Social capital variables
- Religion
- Crime
- Trust
- Income variables
- Absolute income
- Relative income
- Perceived rank in community
O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-a D% = - CHANGE happiness by rural residence (vs urban)
- sligthly more negative change in rural areas
- slightly more positive change in urban areas
O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-a b-fix = +.12 p < .01 b-fix additionally controled for
- happiness 2 years ago (to capture change)