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Correlational findings

Study Esaiasson et al. (2019): study ZZ Europe 2008

Public
18+ aged, general public, 31 European nations, 2008
Survey name
EU-EVS
Sample
Respondents
N = 40000
Non Response
Assessment
Interview: face-to-face

Correlate

Authors's Label
Dodging fares
Our Classification
Operationalization
Willingness to to accept dodging public transportation fares.

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-a b = -.06 p < .001 b controled for:
- individual characteristics
  - age
  - gender
  - education
  - general trust
  - religiosity
- country fixed effects

Happiness used as an independent variable (predictor) in this cross-sectional analysis.