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Correlational findings

Study Gruber & Mullainathan (2006): study CA 1985

Public
+15 aged, general public, Canada, 1985-1998
Survey name
CN-GSS pooled waves
Sample
Respondents
N = 100663
Non Response
Assessment
Interview: face-to-face

Correlate

Authors's Label
Household income quartile
Our Classification
Related specification variables
Operationalization
1: Lowest 25% (vs not)
2: 2nd 25% (vs not)
3: 3rd 25% (vs not)
4: Top 25% (vs not)

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-HL-c-sq-v-4-j b = -                       Happiness (dummies)
                    very   somewhat  unhappy

Lowest 25%          -.05    +.04      +.02 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-j b = - 2nd    25%          -.03    +.04      +.00 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-j b = - 3rd    25%          -.01    +.02      +.01 O-HL-c-sq-v-4-j b = +/+ Top    25%          +.05    -.01      -.01

b controlled for
- Personal characteristics
  - Marital status
  - Education
  - Personal Income Quartile
  - Household size
  - Unemployment rate
  - Church attendance
  - Foreign born
  - Housing type
  - Dwelling ownership
  - Spoken language
  - Age*sex
- Contextual characteristics
  - cigarette tax rate
  - year dummies

Unaffected by propensity to smoke