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Correlational findings

Study Pierewan & Tampubolon (2014a): study ZZ Europe 2002

Public
16+ aged general public, EU nations, 2004- 2010
Survey name
EU-ESS 1-4: 2002-2010
Sample
Respondents
N = 100000
Non Response
Assessment
Interview: face-to-face

Correlate

Authors's Label
Frequency internet use
Our Classification
Remarks
Recoded: 0 no use (0+1) reference 1 rarely (2+3) 2 medium (4+5) 3 frequent (5+6)
Distribution
                             2004    2006   2008   2010
% No user             56       49       47     39
% Rare user            4        4         3        2    
% Medium user     9         8         6        6
% Frequent user    31      39     44      53
Related specification variables
Operationalization
Selfreport on single question: How often do you use internet, the World Wide Web or e-mail for your personal use, whether at home or work?
0  no access at home or work
1  never
2  less than once a month
3  onece a month
4  several times a month
5  one a week
6  several times a week
7  every day

Recoded into 3 dummy variables:
3 Frequent ('several times a week' and 'every day')
2 Medium ('several times a month' and 'every day')
1 Rare ('less than once a month' and 'once a month')
0 Never ('no access at home' and 'never use the internet')

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-HL-u-sq-n-11-a b = -/+ Rare use     (vs never)
- 2004  b = -.10 (ns)
- 2006  b = -.13 (ns)
- 2008  b = +.18 (05)
- 2010  b = +.21 (05)
O-HL-u-sq-n-11-a b = -/+ Medium use   (vs never)
- 2004  b = -.01 (ns)
- 2006  b = -.06 (ns)
- 2008  b = +.12 (05)
- 2010  b = +.08 (ns)
O-HL-u-sq-n-11-a b = -/+ Frequent use  (vs never)
- 2004  b = -.04 (ns)
- 2006  b = -.06 (ns)
- 2008  b = +.08 (05)
- 2010  b = +.11 (01)

b controlled for:
- employement
  - unemployed
  - retired
  - homemaker
  - disabeled
- social life
  - social contacts
  - social support
  - trust
- health
- socio-demographics
  - age
  - sexe
  - education
  - income
  - marital status
  - occupation professional
- regional characteristics
  - internet dessity
  - unemployement rate

Similar results obtained with a logistic regression