Study Beja Jr. (2013): study ZZ 2000
- Public
- Married women, 44 nations, 2000
- Survey name
- INT-WorldValuesSurvey 5
- Sample
- Respondents
- N = 14013
- Non Response
- Assessment
- Interview: face-to-face
Correlate
- Authors's Label
- Income
- Our Classification
-
-
- Distribution
- Income quintile M = 3,05, SD =1.16
- Operationalization
- Selfreport on a 10-point scale from 1 ( 'lowest decile') to 10 ('highest decile'). 2 consecutive values are collapsed to form 5 subjective income categories with Quintile 1 as the reference state.
Observed Relation with Happiness
UPPER MIDDLE LOWER
Income b p< b p< b p<
Quintile 2 + .27 .05 +.15 .05 + .43 .01
Quintile 3 + .69 .01 +.54 .01 +1.12 .01
Quintile 4 +1.08 .01 +.91 .01 +1.85 .01
Quintile 5 +1.33 .01 +.89 .01 +2.63 .01
b's controlled for:
- INDIVIDUAL characteristics:
- age (+ age squared)
- education
- employment status
- NATIONAL characteristics:
- GDP p.c.(GDPPPC)
- Female labour participation rate(LABOR)
ECONOMIC LEVEL NATION
UPPER MIDDLE LOWER
Income b p< b p< b p<
Quintile 2 + .22 .05 +.20 .01 + .44 .01
Quintile 3 + .62 .01 +.58 .01 +1.16 .01
Quintile 4 + .90 .01 +.87 .01 +1.84 .01
Quintile 5 +1.04 .01 +.76 .01 +2.77 .01
Additional control for log(GDPPC) and log(LABOR)gives similar results.
- INDIVIDUAL characteristics:
- perceived fate control
- financial satisfaction
- selffulfillment
ECONOMIC LEVEL NATION
UPPER MIDDLE LOWER
Income b p< b p< b p<
Quintile 2 + .07 ns -.08 ns + .31 .05
Quintile 3 + .08 ns +.06 ns + .41 .01
Quintile 4 + .14 ns +.08 ns + .64 .01
Quintile 5 + .14 ns -.11 ns + .93 .01
- NATION CHARACTERISTICS:
- GDP P.C.
- Female labor participation rate
- INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS:
- perceived fate control
- financial satisfaction
- selffulfillment
ECONOMIC LEVEL NATION
UPPER MIDDLE LOWER
Income b p< b p< b p<
Quintile 2 + .04 ns -.05 ns + .32 .05
Quintile 3 + .05 ns +.10 ns + .44 .01
Quintile 4 + .06 ns +.11 ns + .69 .01
Quintile 5 + .01 ns -.14 ns +1.09 .01
Additional control for log nation characteristics gives similar results