Study Benesch et al. (2007): study ZZ World samples 1995 /1

Public

15+ aged, general public, 45 nations, 1995-2003

Survey name

EU-Combined surveys: ESS+WVS

Sample

Respondents

N = 72012

Non Response

3.3%

Assessment

Interview: face-to-face
Phone interview for remote areas

Correlate

Authors's Label

TV viewing

Our Classification

Remarks

5th decile=0

Distribution

Residual TV viewing time: M=0.00, SD=0.92
TV viewing time: M = 2.00, SD = 1.05

Operationalization

Self report on single question:
A. In the ESS, the question is" on an average weekday, how much time do you spend watching television? "
Rated on 8 step scale, ranging from" no time at all" to "more than 3 hours".
B. In the WVS,  "How much time do you usually spend watching television on an average weekday?"
Answers fall into 4 categories from "do not watch television or do not have access to TV" to "more than 3 hours per day".

For each category, mid-point value is calculated and for more than 3 hours, the value is 3.5.

Decile value of residual TV viewing time, which influences the TV consumption, aside from the individual factors, is used.

Observed Relation with Happiness