print

Correlational findings

Study Muffels & Kemperman (2011): study XZ Germany West 1984

Public
20-55 aged, women, Germany, 1984-2007
Survey name
DE-SOEP
Sample
Respondents
N = 90297
Non Response
Assessment
Interview: face-to-face

Correlate

Authors's Label
Work orientations
Our Classification
Remarks
Questions were only asked in 1990, 1992, 1995 and 2004. Missing values on work orientations were imputed for the other years.
Operationalization
Self report on how important in life the respondent thinks it is
- to have children
- to have success in a job
Ranging from 1 very important to 4 very unimportant

a:home centered: having children important, work unimportant
b:work centered: having children unimportant, work important:
c:adaptive: children as well as succes in work important in life:
d:drifters: without strong preferences

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-SLW-c-sq-n-11-d Beta = -.13 p < .01 WORK CENTERED (vs. home centered)
Beta controlled for: Set A
O-SLW-c-sq-n-11-d Beta = -.15 p < .01 Beta controlled for: Set A+B O-SLW-c-sq-n-11-d Beta = -.13 p < .01 Beta controlled for: Set A+C O-SLW-c-sq-n-11-d Beta = -.03 ns Beta controlled for: Set A+C+D O-SLW-c-sq-n-11-d Beta = -.13 p < .01 Beta controlled for: Set A+C+E O-SLW-c-sq-n-11-d Beta = -.06 p < .01 ADAPTIVE (vs. home centered)
Beta controlled for: Set A
O-SLW-c-sq-n-11-d Beta = -.09 p < .01 Beta controlled for: Set A+B O-SLW-c-sq-n-11-d Beta = -.07 p < .01 Beta controlled for: Set A+C O-SLW-c-sq-n-11-d Beta = -.00 ns Beta controlled for: Set A+C+D O-SLW-c-sq-n-11-d Beta = -.07 p < .01 Beta controlled for: Set A+C+E O-SLW-c-sq-n-11-d Beta = -.15 p < .01 DRIFTERS (vs. home centered)
Beta controlled for: Set A
O-SLW-c-sq-n-11-d Beta = -.15 p < .01 Beta controlled for: Set A+B O-SLW-c-sq-n-11-d Beta = -.16 p < .01 Beta controlled for: Set A+C O-SLW-c-sq-n-11-d Beta = -.09 ns Beta controlled for: Set A+C+D O-SLW-c-sq-n-11-d Beta = -.16 p < .01 Beta controlled for: Set A+C+E O-SLW-c-sq-n-11-d = CONTROL VARIABLES
Set A:
- number of hours per week working and caring
- fit between preferred and actual working hours
- marital status
- age
- age squared/100
- number of children 0-15 years
- unemployment rate
- born in east-Germany
- foreigner status
- education
- age youngest child
- objective health

Set B: (N = 70859)
- neuroticism
- agreeableness
- conscientiousness
- extraversion
- openness to experience

Set C:
- birth cohort

Set D:
- interaction: hours match*work orientation

Set E:
- interaction: hours match*work-care combinations

Interaction effect with fit between preferred and actual working hours: only overworked women who value work as important score significantly lower on happiness than women satisfied with their working hours, while being home centered.

Fixed effects analysis yields similar results.