Study Welsch (2002a): study ZZ 1990
- Public:
- Adults, general public, 54 nations, 1990s
- Sample:
- Respondents:
- N = 75000
- Non Response:
- n.a.
- Assessment:
- Interview: face-to-face
Correlate
- Authors's label
- Air pollutants
- Our Classification
-
-
- Operationalization
- In kilotons urban emissions:
a Sulphur dioxide
b Nitrogen dioxide
c Particles (urban total suspended particular pollution)
Observed Relation with Happiness
B's are controled for:
- income per head
- number of scientist & engineers per thousand population
B's do not change when additionaly controled for:
- the other air pollutants
- water pollutants (phosphorus & solids)
- all B's are negative
- B's of sulphur dioxide and particles are insignificant
- B of nitrogen dioxide is significant
B -.004 means one that one kiloton nitrogen emissions goes with .004 points lower average happiness on scale 1-4