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Correlational findings

Study Welsch (2002a): study ZZ 1991

Public
Adults, general public, 54 nations, 1990s
Sample
Respondents
N = 75000
Non Response
n.a.
Assessment
Interview: face-to-face

Correlate

Authors's Label
Air quality
Our Classification
Remarks
Data air quality from Air Information System (World Health Organization)
Distribution
M=2.59 SD=0,72 Range=0-4,20 N=122
Operationalization
Aggregate indicator of:
- urban SO2 concentration
- urban NO2 concentration
- urban particles (TSP) concentration

Positive values correspond to high levels of air quality.

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a r = +.25 s Average happiness by air quality in 54 nations O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a b = -3.3 ns B controled for:
- Gross National Product per head
- scientific rationality of nations
- product (interaction-term) Air Quality and Gross National Product O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a b = + s B's positive and significant for product (interaction-term) Air Quality and
- Gross National Product
- Dummy variable OECD country

Air quality contributes more with happiness in OECD countries (compared to non-OECD countries) and in rich countries (compared to poor countries)