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Correlational findings

Study Knabe & Rätzel (2007): study DE 1992

Public
21-64 aged, Germany, followed 13 years ,1992-2005
Sample
Respondents
N = 152411
Non Response
not reported
Assessment
Interview: face-to-face

Correlate

Authors's Label
Unemployment rate
Our Classification
Remarks
Data unemployment rate: German Federal Labor office Unemployment rate 2005 is adjusted for one-off statistical effects associated with merging different welfare programs
Operationalization
Unemployment

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-SLW-c-sq-n-11-d DM = - AVERAGE happiness in nation by unemployment over the years

Life satisfaction and the unemployment rate generally move in opposite directions