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Correlational findings

Study Bjornskov et al. (2008b): study ZZ EU 15 1973

Public
16+ aged, general public, EU 15 member states, 1973-2002.
Sample
Respondents
N = 250000
Non Response
Assessment
Interview: face-to-face

Correlate

Authors's Label
Change in government consumption, absolute and relative
Our Classification
Remarks
Source: Penn World Tables
Distribution
Average change in government consumption in 195 periods +0,02%, SD 0,08.
Average change in government consumption in 180 periods relative to change in government consumption in neighbouring countries -0,07%, SD 5,09
Operationalization
Change in government consumption as % GDP

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-SLL-u-sq-v-4-b Beta = -.10 ns CHANGE in average happiness in 128 4-year-periods by CHANGE in Government consumption in the same periods.

Beta controlled for:
-change in happiness in 4-year period starting 2 years before (2-year overlap)
-change in happiness in 4-year periods starting 4 years before (no overlap) O-SLL-u-sq-v-4-b Beta = +.18 p < .05 CHANGE in average happiness in 112 4-year-periods by CHANGE in government consumption relative to government consumption in the same periods in neighbour-nations.

Beta additionally controlled for
-GDP-change in same periods
-GDP-change relative to change in preceding periods.