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Correlational findings

Study Gundelach & Kreiner (2004): study ZZ Western Europe 1999

Public:
18 + aged, general public, 9 nations in Western Europe, 1999
Sample:
Respondents:
N = 10517
Non Response:
Assessment:
Interview: face-to-face
Iceland: face to face 74%; by phone 26% in remote areas.

Correlate

Authors's label
Social capital in country
Our Classification
Operationalization
Participation of citizens in voluntary associations:
- high
- low

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a D% = + Percentage very happy in countries where social capital is:
High = 42 %
Low  = 25% O-HL-u-sq-v-4-a Gs = -.45 Average happiness by average participation in nation.Controlled for:
- contact with friends
- % scoring 10 on both life satisfaction and job-saisfaction
- view that singles are unhappy