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Studies

Zelenski & Larsen (2000): study US 1995

Publication

Author(s):
Zelenski, J.M.; Larsen, R.J.
Title:
The Distribution of Basic Emotions in Every Day Life: A State and Trait Perspective from Experience Sampling Data.
Source:
Journal of Research in Personality, 2000, Vol. 34, 178 - 197

Investigation

Public
University students, USA, followed 28 days, 199?
Sample
Non-probability purposive sample
Respondents
N = 82
Non Response
Assessment
Diary
Mood diary

Happiness Measure(s) and Distributional Findings

Full text:
Daily self report of mood on 15 questions;

How much of each mood did you experience today?
A  Excited
B  Interested
C  Enthusiastic
D  Happy
E  Relaxed
F  Bored
G  Sad
H  Lonely
I    Frustrated
J   Anxious
K  Disgusted
L   Angry
M  Afraid

0  not at all
1
2
3
4
5
6 extremely much

Summation: mean A+B+C+D+E minus mean F+ G+H+I+J+K+L+M
Classification:
A-BD1-md-mqr-n-7-a
Remarks:
Affect Balance computed by us, substracting Negative affect from Positive Affect.
Observed distribution
Summary Statistics
On original range -6 - 6 On range 0-10
Mean:
4.88 -
SD:
- -
Full text:
Self report on single question, asked twice with an interval of 16 days.

"Consider your experience during the past 24 hours, being as objective and matter-of-fact as possible. Estimate honestly the prevailing or dominant level of your mood, and put a cross through the term which most accurately describes your prevailing feeling".
7  highly elated
6  moderately cheerful
5  mildly cheerful
4  indifferent
3  wildly depressed
2  moderately depressed
1  extremely gloomy


Summation: Average of 32 scores.
Classification:
A-ARE-md-sqr-v-7-a
Author's label:
happy
Page in publication:
183
Observed distribution
Summary Statistics
On original range 1 - 7 On range 0-10
Mean:
2.92 4.87
SD:
1.01 1.68

Correlational Findings

Author's label Subject Description Finding Excited Feeling excited Interested Feeling interested Enthusiastic Feeling enthusiastic Relaxed Feeling tranquil (vs restless) Quite Feeling tranquil (vs restless) Bored Feeling interested Sad Feeling down (vs not) Guilty Feeling morally good (vs guilty) Lonely Feeling lonely (vs not) Frustrated Feeling satisfied (vs dissatisfied) Anxious Feeling secure (vs threatened) Disgusted Feeling disgusted Angry Feeling friendly (vs hostile) Afraid Feeling secure (vs threatened)