Sheldon & Elliot (1999): study US 1994
Publication
- Author(s):
- Sheldon, K.M.; Elliot, A.J.
- Title:
- Goal Striving, Need Satisfaction, and Longitudinal Well-Being: The Self-Concordance Model.
- Source:
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1999, Vol. 76, 482 - 497
Investigation
- Public
- 18+ aged, students USA, followed 3 months,199?
- Sample
- Non-probability chunk sample
- Respondents
- N = 169
- Non Response
- Assessment
-
Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)
T1+T5: in-class questionnaires T2-T4: questionnaires within lab-sessions
Happiness Measure(s) and Distributional Findings
- Full text:
-
Self report on 25 questions
A Self report on life satisfaction on five questions
a In most ways my life is close to ideal
b The conditions of my life are excellent
c I am satisfied with my life
d So far, I have gotten the important things I want in life
e If I could live my life over, I would change nothing
Answers rated: 7 strongly agree ...1 strongly disagree
(Diener's Satisfaction With Life Scale, SWLS)
B Self report on mood on 20 questions
How much of each mood did you experience in the last month?
a nervous
b distressed
c afraid
d jittery
e irritable
f upset
g scared
h ashamed
i guilty
j hostile
k excited
l active
m determined
n inspired
o enthusiastic
p alert
q attentive
r proud
s strong
t interested
Rated :
1 not at all
2
3
4
5
6
7 very frequently
(Watson's Positive And Negative Affect Scale PANAS)
Positive affect score PAS: k to t
Negative affect score NAS: a to j
Summation: (z-score A) + (z-score B:PAS) - (z-score B:NAS) - Classification:
- M-AO-cm-mq-vt-7-a
- Author's label:
- subjective well-being
Correlational Findings
Current motivation
Authenticity of earlier goals
Authenticity of goals
Current motivation