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Studies

Ryff (1989): study US 1984

Publication

Author(s):
Ryff, C.D.
Title:
Happiness Is Everything, or Is It? Explorations on the Meaning of Psychological Well-Being.
Source:
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1989, Vol. 57, 1069 - 1081

Investigation

Public
Adults, USA, 198?
Sample
Non-probability purposive-quota sample
Respondents
N = 321
Non Response
Assessment
Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)

Happiness Measure(s) and Distributional Findings

Full text:
Self report on 10 questions:

During the past few weeks, did you ever feel ....?  (yes/no)
A   Particularly excited or interested in something?
B   So restless that you couldn't sit long in a chair?
C   Proud because someone complimented you on something  
     you had done?
D   Very lonely or remote from other people?
E   Pleased about having accomplished something?
F   Bored?
G   On top of the world?
H   Depressed or very unhappy?
I    That things were going your way?
J    Upset because someone criticized you?

Answer options and scoring:
yes = 1
no  = 0
Summation:
-Positive Affect Score (PAS): A+C+E+G+I
-Negative Affect Score (NAS): B+D+F+H+J
-Affect Balance Score (ABS): PAS minus NAS
Possible range: -5 to +5

Name: Bradburn's 'Affect Balance Scale' (standard version)
Classification:
A-BB-cm-mq-v-2-a
Author's label:
Affect Balance Scale
Page in publication:
1073

Correlational Findings

Author's label Subject Description Finding Self-acceptance Self-evaluation
Satisfaction with self
Positive relations with others Current intimate relationships
Attitudes to intimates
Sociable
Autonomy Independent Environmental mastery Inner locus of control Purpose in life Further multi-dimensional inventories Personal growth Self-actualization (need for)
Self-perceived maturity
Age Stage of life Gender Sexe: male (vs female) Marital status Married state (compared to non-married states) Finance Sufficiency of current income