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Studies

Ifcher (2011): study US 1988

Publication

Author(s):
Ifcher, J.
Title:
The happiness of single mothers after welfare reform.
Source:
The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy. 11(1)

Investigation

Public
Childbearing aged, USA, 1988 - 2006
Survey name
US-GSS
Sample
Probability multistage stratified area sample
Respondents
N = 15713
Non Response
Assessment
Interview: face-to-face

Happiness Measure(s) and Distributional Findings

Full text:
Self report on single question:

Taken all together, how would you say things are these days?   Would you say that you are....?
3  very happy
2  pretty happy
1  not too happy
Classification:
O-HL-c-sq-v-3-aa
Author's label:
Subjective well-being
Remarks:
All:                                               M = 2.190
Single mothers:                      M = 1.963
All except single mothers: M =2.221
Single childless women:     M = 2.155
Single childless men:           M = 2.095
Married mothers:                  M = 2.337
Page in publication:
6
Observed distribution
Frequencies
1: 10.9%,   2: 59.2%,   3: 29.9%   (total 100%)
Summary Statistics
On original range 1 - 3 On range 0-10
Mean:
2.19 -
SD:
0.00 -

Correlational Findings

Author's label Subject Description Finding Single mothers Childlessness voluntary or not
Living alone or not
Single parent living with children
Single mother dummy Single parent Before-after-reform