Gall et al. (1997): study US 1971
Publication
- Author(s):
- Gall, T.L.; Evans, D.R.; Howard, J.
- Title:
- The Retirement Adjustment Process: Changes in the Well-Being of Male Retirees across Time.
- Source:
- Journal of Gerontology, 1997, Vol.52b, 110 - 117
Investigation
- Public
- University students, USA, 1971
- Sample
- Non-probability chunk sample
- Respondents
- N = 86
- Non Response
- -
- Assessment
-
Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)
And content analysis
Happiness Measure(s) and Distributional Findings
- Full text:
-
Self report on single question, repeated every evening before retiring during 3 weeks (experience sampling).
"On the average, how happy or unhappy did you feel today....?"
1 Extremely unhappy. Utterly depressed. Completely down.
2 Very unhappy. Depressed. Spirits very low.
3 Pretty unhappy. Somewhat 'blue'. Spirits down.
4 Mildly unhappy. Just a little low.
5 Barely unhappy. Just this side of neutral.
6 Barely happy. Just this side of neutral.
7 Mildly happy. Feeling fairly good and somewhat cheerful.
8 Pretty happy. Spirits high. Feeling good.
9 Very happy. Feeling really good. Elated.
10 Extremely happy. Feeling ecstatic, joyous, fantastic.
Name: Wessman & Ricks' `Elation - Depression Scale" (adapted version) - Classification:
- A-ARE-md-sqr-v-10-a
- Author's label:
- Happiness
- Error estimates:
- External congruent validity: in pilot study the happiness scale produced a much greater range of responding than did the orginal Wessman & Ricks scale. The scales intercorrelated +.93 (001).
- Observed distribution
- Summary Statistics
- On original range 1 - 10 On range 0-10
- Mean:
- 6.80 6.40
- SD:
- 1.15 -
- Full text:
-
Self report on three questions:
'On the average, what percentage of the time d you feel….…' (percentages must add up to 100%)
1 happy
2 unhappy
3 neutral
Name: Fordyce % happy scale
Variant: % unhappy - Classification:
- A-TH-g-mq-th%-101-ab
- Author's label:
- Daily mood
- Error estimates:
- Equivalence: % happy mood x % unhappy mood : r = -.67 (.01) % happy mood x % in neutral mood : r = -.72 (.01) % unhappy mood x % neutral mood : r = -.02 (ns)