Variable	Measurement	Era	Code	N	Source
Education enrolment ratio	Pre primary school	2003-12	EduEnrolPrePrimary_2003.12	139
	Primary school	1985	EduEnrolPrimary_1985	37	Kurian 1992 table 199
		2003-12	EduEnrolPrimary_2003.12	147
	Secondary school	1985	EduEnrolSecundary_1985	36	Kurian 1992 table 200
		2003-12	EduEnrolSecundary_2003.12	147
		2005-12	EduEnrolMinSecundary_2005.12	139
	Post secondary school	1985	EduEnrolPostsec_1985	38	Kurian 1992 table 203
	Tertiary	2003-12	EduEnrolTertiary_2003.12	147
	Primary + secundary + tertiary (gross)	1975	EduEnrolGross_1975	72	UN-HDR 1995 table 2.1, 3.1
		1980	EduEnrolGross_1980	161	UN-HDR Trend file 2007
		1985	EduEnrolGross_1985	161
		1990	EduEnrolGross_1990	161
		1995	EduEnrolGross_1995	161
		1999	EduEnrolGross_1999	161
		2000-04	EduEnrolGross_2000.04	161
		2012	EduEnrolGross_2012	85
Age formal education completed	Rated on 10 point scale, the last step of which is 21 years and over	1990-91	EducationEndAge_1990	40	WVS2 item 356
		1995-98	EducationEndAge_1996	43	WVS3 item 218
Years of schooling	Age 15 and above, mean	1970	EducationYears_1970	65	UN-HDR 2001 table A2.2
		1980	EducationYears_1980	67	UN-HDR 2001 table A2.2
		1990	EducationYears_1990	77	UN-HDR 2001 table A2.2
		2000	EducationYears_2000	72	UN-HDR table A2.2
		2012	EducationYears_2012	174
Educational specializations	% tertiary education on fine arts and humanities	1994-97	EducationArts_1996	71	World Culture Report 1998, table 24
	Gross tertiary science enrollment ratio (%)	1995-97	EducationScience_1996	81	UN-HDR 2001 table A2.1
Education expenditures	See Government expenditures
Performance	Average performance of pupils on tests of knowledge, writing and arithmetic	2001	PISA_rank_2001	30	Kirkcaldy e.a. (2004)
	Average performance of pupils on tests of mathematics	2001	PISA_math_2001	30
	Average performance of pupils on tests of reading	2001	PISA_reading_2001	30
	Average performance of pupils on tests of science	2001	PISA_science_2001	30
Estes’ Education sub index	Part of Index of Social Progress: 1. School enrolment ratio, first level (+), 2. Pupil-teacher ratio, first level (-), 3. % adult illiteracy (-), 4. Expenditures on education in % GDP (+)	1979-80	EducationIndex1_1980	47	Estes 1984: table 5-1
UN-DP index of education	Adult literacy (counted 2/3), plus combined school enrolment (counted 1/3)	1975	EducationIndex2_1970	124	UN-HDR 2007 Trendfile table 1
		1980	EducationIndex2_1970	149
		1985	EducationIndex2_1970	156
		1990	EducationIndex2_1970	151
		1995	EducationIndex2_1995	154
		2000-04	EducationIndex2_2000.04	169

Related topics: Government expenditures on education, Intelligence, Literacy
Related themes: Cultural climate, Knowledge

The dataset States of Nations is about characteristics of countries in periods (macro variables). It is part of the World Database of Happiness. Though developed for the identification of societal conditions for happiness, this source can also be used for other purposes.