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Correlational findings

Study Bergheim (2007): study ZZ OECD member states 2005

Public
14+ aged general public, 22 rich countries, 2005
Survey name
EU-Combined surveys: ESS+WVS
Sample
Respondents
N = 33000
Non Response
Assessment
Interview: face-to-face

Correlate

Authors's Label
Shadow economy
Our Classification
Remarks
Data: Schneider and Klinglmair (2004)
Operationalization
not reported

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-SLW-*-sq-nt-11-a r = - AVERAGE happiness, by the proportion of shadow economy in GDP.
Coefficient not reported