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Correlational findings

Study Sheldon & Elliot (1999): study US 1994 /2

Public
18+ aged, students followed 3 months, USA, 199?
Sample
Respondents
N = 73
Non Response
Assessment
Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)
T1, T6, T11: take-home pakets of questionnaires T2-T5, T7-T10: in-class questionnaires

Correlate

Authors's Label
Semester need satisfaction
Our Classification
Remarks
T2-T5 + T7-T10: Assessed 8 times during 3 month semester
Operationalization
At 8 times during semester Participants free listed the three activities (excluding eating or sleeping), respectively social contacts, they had spent the most time performing during the preceding 24hr

Rated feelings of competence, autonomy and relatedness while doing each activity using a 1 (not at all competent) to 7 (very competent) scale

competence and relatedness composite scores were formed by averaging the ratings, respectively.

autonomy composite score was formed by summing average identified and intrinsic ratings and subtrating average external and introjected ratings.

to form a composite score the composite scores for competence, autonmomy and relatedness were summed.

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks M-AO-cm-mq-vt-7-a r = +.48 p < .05 T1 happiness by T2-T5 + T7-T10 aggregated need satisfaction M-AO-cm-mq-vt-7-a r = +.53 p < .05 T11 happiness by T2-T5 + T7-T10 aggregated need satisfaction M-AO-cm-mq-vt-7-a Beta = +.30 p < .01 T11 happiness by T2-T5 + T7-T10 aggregated need satisfaction
Beta controlled for:
- T1 happiness (indicating CHANGE in happiness)
M-AO-cm-mq-vt-7-a Beta = +.22 p < .05 T11 happiness by T2-T5 + T7-T10 aggregated need satisfaction
Beta controlled for:
- T1 happiness (indicating CHANGE in happiness)
- semester attainment
M-AO-cm-mq-vt-7-a X = 1.98 p < .05 Sobel (1982) z for mediational relationships
mediated association: semester need satisfaction mediatiated goal attainment and T11 happiness


Happiness assessed at: T1: at beginning of semester, T6: 6 weeks later, T11: another 6 weeks later