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Correlational findings

Study Brenner (1970): study US 1960

Public
Highschool pupils, New York State, USA, 1960
Sample
Respondents
N = 5204
Non Response
1%
Assessment
Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)

Correlate

Authors's Label
Participation in extracurricular activities
Our Classification
Operationalization
2-item index of open-ended questions on number of extracurricular activities taken part in, and number of hours spent on these activities in an average week.

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-HL-u-sq-v-4-b G = +.14 After control for:
- having fun in life                : Gs = +.07
- tending to be a lonely person     : Gs = +.10
- having faith in people            : Gs = +.10
- sensitivity to failure            : Gs = +.14
- educational level of mother       : Gs = +.12
- school social class               : Gs = +.12
- self-esteem                       : Gs = +.12
- tending to be a lonely person, and
  having fun in life                : Gs = +.07
- having faith in people, and having
  fun in life                       : Gs = +.04
- having faith in people, and tending
  to be a lonely person             : Gs = +.06
- educational level of mother, and
  having fun in life                : Gs = +.07
- educational level of mother, and
  tending to be a lonely person     : Gs = +.08
- educational level of mother, and
  having faith in people            : Gs = +.09
- school social class, and having
  fun in life                       : Gs = +.06
- school social class, and tending
  to be a lonely person             : Gs = +.08
- school social class, and having
  faith in people                   : Gs = +.08
- school social class, and educa-
  tional level of mother            : Gs = +.11

Unaffected by stability of self-image
Unaffected by hours spent on work for pay
Positive in middle and upper class  : G  = +.14
After control for                   : Gs = +.10
Negative in lower class             : G  = -.29
After control for                   : Gs = -.24
A-AOL-g-sq-v-5-a G = +.24 After control for:
- having fun in life                : Gs = +.19
- tending to be a lonely person     : Gs = +.21
- having faith in people            : Gs = +.21
- sensitivity to failure            : Gs = +.24
- educational level of mother       : Gs = +.22
- school social class               : Gs = +.23
- tending to be a lonely person, and
  having fun in life                : Gs = +.19
- having faith in people, and having
  fun in life                       : Gs = +.17
- having faith in people, and tending
  to be a lonely person             : Gs = +.18
- educational level of mother, and
  having fun in life                : Gs = +.19
- educational level of mother, and
  tending to be a lonely person     : Gs = +.19
- educational level of mother, and
  having faith in people            : Gs = +.18
- school social class, and having
  fun in life                       : Gs = +.19
- school social class, and tending
  to be a lonely person             : Gs = +.20
- school social class, and having
  faith in people                   : Gs = +.21
- school social class, and educa-
  tional level of mother            : Gs = +.21

Medium and high stability of self-
image                               : G  = +.27
Low stability of self-image         : G  = +.21

Spent no time on working for pay
spend                               : G  = +.27
Spent some hours on work for pay    : G  = +.22

Lower class                         : G  = -.13
Middle and upper class              : G  = +.21

Unaffected by school social class

  
O-HL-u-sq-v-4-b V = .07 p < .01 A-AOL-g-sq-v-5-a V = .11 p < .01