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Correlational findings

Study Kozma & Stones (1980): study CA 1975

Public
65-95 aged, New Foundland, Canada, 197?
Sample
Respondents
N = 598
Non Response
Assessment
Interview: face-to-face

Correlate

Authors's Label
Happiness
Our Classification
Operationalization
Memorial University of New Foundland
Scale of Happiness (MUNSH)
24 item index of questions on `how have things been going' and `general experiences'. Typical items are:
4.  I felt lucky in the past month
11. This is the dreadiest time of my    life.
16. Things are getting worse as I get    older.
23. I am satisfied with my life today

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-HL-c-mq-?-6-a r = +.67 Study 1: N=301.
MUNSH predicts happiness (MIX 1.2) better than the 21 iten Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale (PGC, Lawton 1972), the brief Life-satisfaction Index (LSI-Z, Wood 1969), and the Affect Balance Scale (ABS, Bradburn 1969, valid indicator AFF 2.3)

Study 2: N=297
O-HL-c-mq-?-6-a r = +.74 - rural O-HL-c-mq-?-6-a r = +.56 - urban O-HL-c-mq-?-6-a r = +.61 - institutionalized O-HL-c-mq-?-6-a r = +.62 - all