Study Schaefer & Bayley (1963): study US 1929

Public

Children followed from age 0 to 18, Berkeley, California, USA, 1929-47

Sample

Respondents

N = 54

Non Response

13% drop-outs (7 children and their mothers)

Assessment

Multiple assesment methods
Behavioral observation and interviews

Correlate

Authors's Label

Later characteristics (at 12-18 yearsof age)

Our Classification

Operationalization

Ratings by two judges on the basis of notes from observations in test situations at different ages.
Ratings were made on 96 adjective scales (7-point) which were clustered afterwards.

a. Timid, self-conscious, sensitive, lacks confidence, shy, easily hurt, inhibited, serious, humorless, rigid, precise.

b. Courteous, respectful, conservative, compliant, tactful, cooperative, patient, considerate.

c. Conscientious, dependable, perservering.

d. Friendly, talkative, not unfriendly.

e. Social in situation, interested in people, natural, straight-forward.

f. Independent, assertive, out-going, leader, resourceful, takes initiative, independent at home.

g. Bold, boastful, impulsive, uninhibited, show-off, pleasure-loving, opinionated.

h. Irritable, disrespectful, domineering, pugnacious, noisy, demanding, tactles not dependable, excitable, distractible.

i. Defiant, rude, sarcastic, critical.

j. Hostile, resentful.

k. Sulky, bitter.

l. Discontented, unhappy, dissatisfied, complains.

m. Gloomy, not cheerful.

n. Reserved, cold, aloof, uncommunicative.

o. Popular, belongs to groups.

p. Calm, not nervous.

Observed Relation with Happiness