Correlational findings | World Database of Happiness

Study Shin (1986): study US 1986

Public: 18+ aged, general public, USA, 1978
Sample
Respondents: N = 3642
Non Response
Assessment: Interview: face-to-face
Highly structured

Correlate

Authors's Label

Educational attainment

Our Classification

Operationalization

no school
elementary school
middle school
high school
some college
college graduate

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure

Statistics

Elaboration / Remarks

O-SLu-c-sq-v-7-a

G = +.16 p < .05

GOODMAN & Kruskal's GAMMA

Type: test statistic
Measurement level: Correlate: ordinal, Happinessl: ordinal
Range: [-1; +1]

Meaning:
G = 0  «  no  rank correlation
G =  +1 «  strongest possible rank correlation, where high correlate values correspond to high happiness ratings.
G =  -1 «  strongest possible rank correlation, where high correlate values correspond with low happiness ratings.

M-PL-c-sq-v-4-a

G = +.29 p < .05

GOODMAN & Kruskal's GAMMA

O-HL-ly-sq-v-4-c

G = +.25 p < .05

GOODMAN & Kruskal's GAMMA

C-RG-ly-sq-v-4-a

G = +.02 ns

GOODMAN & Kruskal's GAMMA

M-AO-c-mq-*-*-a

r = +.10 p < .05

PRODUCT-MOMENT CORRELATION COEFFICIENT (Also "Pearson's correlation coefficient' or simply 'correlation coefficient')

Type: test statistic.
Measurement level: Correlate: metric, Happiness: metric
Range: [-1; +1]

Meaning:
r = 0  « no correlation ,
r = 1  « perfect correlation, where high correlate values correspond with high happiness values, and
r = -1  « perfect correlation, where high correlate values correspond with low happiness values.

O-SLu-c-sq-v-7-a

G = -.16 p < .05

GOODMAN & Kruskal's GAMMA

M-PL-c-sq-v-4-a

G = -.29 p < .05

GOODMAN & Kruskal's GAMMA

O-HL-ly-sq-v-4-c

G = -.25 p < .05

GOODMAN & Kruskal's GAMMA

C-RG-ly-sq-v-4-a

G = -.02 ns

GOODMAN & Kruskal's GAMMA

M-AO-c-mq-*-*-a

r = +.10 p < .05

PRODUCT-MOMENT CORRELATION COEFFICIENT (Also "Pearson's correlation coefficient' or simply 'correlation coefficient')

M-AO-c-mq-*-*-a

Beta = +.07 p < .05

STANDARDIZED REGRESSION COEFFICIENT by LEAST SQUARES (OLS)

Type: test statistic.

Measurement level: Correlates: all metric, Happiness: metric.
Range: [-1 ; +1]

Meaning:
beta > 0  «  a higher correlate level corresponds to a higher happiness rating on average.
beta < 0  «  a higher correlate level corresponds to a higher happiness rating on average.
beta = 0  «   no correlation.
beta = + 1 or -1  «   perfect correlation.

ß controled for income, age, gender, married status, own house and commuunity size.