Study Liu et al. (2021a): study US Chicago 2012

Public

60+ aged Chinese migrants, Chicago, USA, 2012 - 2013

Survey name

US-PINE

Sample

Respondents

N = 3157

Non Response

10.86%

Assessment

Interview: face-to-face

Correlate

Authors's Label

Social connection

Our Classification

Remarks

An index based on principal component analyses that weighted number of friends, social participation, and social support was created, and coded a categorical variable with tertiles of the index to indicate low, moderate and high levels of social connection.

Distribution

a: M: 8.43, SD: 7.32, range is 0-20.
b: M: 20.77, SD: 9.19, range is 0-57.
c: M: 2.31, SD: 0.51, range is 1-3.

Operationalization

Index of:
A: number of friends
B: social participation
C: social support

a: Self report on the number of friends.
B: Self report on questions:
- How often do you watch TV, listen to the radio, read newspapers, read magazines, read books, play games such as cards, checkers, crosswords, or other puzzles or games, play mahjong, go out to a movie, restaurant, or sporting event, visit relatives/ friends/neighbors, have friends / relatives for a dinner or a party, and go on day trips or overnight trips?
0 = once a year or less
1 = several times a year
2 = several times a month
3 = several times a week
4 = every day or almost every day

- In the past five years, how many times have your visited museum, attended a concert/play/ musical, visited a library, and visited community centers?
0 = never
1 = 1-2 times
2 = 3-9 times
3 = 10-19 times
4 = 20 or more times

- How much time do you spend reading each day?
0 = none
1 = a few minutes
2 = half an hour
3 = 1-2 hr
4 = 2-3 hr
5 = more than 3 hr

c: Social support was measured by asking the
frequency of receipt of support (confiding, aiding) from spouse, family members, and friends. Lead text is not mentioned.

Observed Relation with Happiness