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Correlational findings

Study Liu et al. (2021a): study US Chicago 2012

Public
60+ aged Chinese migrants, Chicago, USA, 2012 - 2013
Survey name
US-PINE
Sample
Respondents
N = 3157
Non Response
10.86%
Assessment
Interview: face-to-face

Correlate

Authors's Label
Friend loss
Our Classification
Distribution
1: 30.53%, 0: 69.47%
Related specification variables
Operationalization
Self report on question: Have any of your friends died in the past five years?
1: Yes
0: No

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-QL?-?-sq-v-4-b D% =                 Happiness
                very good/good  fair/bad  difference
Friend died       59,25%          47,30    +11,95
No friend died    49,35%          52,70    - 0,35
- difference      +9,90          -14,60 O-QL?-?-sq-v-4-b OR = 1.41 p < .001 OR (CI95: 1.19-1.67) controlled for:
-Age
-Female
-Married
-Living alone
-Income
-Education
-Duration in US
-Acculturation
-ADL
-Chronic condition
-Spouse or child loss
-Social connection O-QL?-?-sq-v-4-b OR = 0.96 ns Less strong among younger elderly O-QL?-?-sq-v-4-b OR = 1.17 ns Stronger among socially connected people