Study Costa & McCrae (1980): study US 1976
- Public
- 35-85 aged white males (largely veterans), USA, 1976
- Sample
- Respondents
- N = 1100
- Non Response
- T1:21%; T2:18%; T3:27%; T4:46%
- Assessment
-
Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)
Mailed questionnaire att intervals of 3 months
Correlate
- Authors's Label
- Fear
- Our Classification
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- Operationalization
- 5-item index from the EASI-III Tempera-
ment Survey (Buss and Plomin, 1975:24-242),
rated on a 5-point scale ranging from 'a little' to 'a lot':
1. "I am easily frightened"
2. "I often feel insecure"
3. "I tend to be nervous in new situations"
4. "I have fewer fears than most people my age" (reverse)"
5. "When I get scared, I panic"
Observed Relation with Happiness
Correlations with hedonic level at:
T1: r = -.29 (001)
T2: r = -.36 (001)
T3: r = -.31 (001)
T4: r = -.32 (001)
Sum: r = -.40 (001)
PAS: r(mean) = -.19
NAS: r(mean) = +.30