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Correlational findings

Study Nikolova & Graham (2014a): study ZZ Western nations 2009

Public
15+ aged general public, 10 western nations, 2009-2012
Survey name
INT-Gallup World Poll combined waves
Sample
Respondents
N = 84115
Non Response
Assessment
Multiple assesment methods
face to face interview in Turkey and Greece, other contries conducted via landline or cellular phone.

Correlate

Authors's Label
Retired
Our Classification
Remarks
Using Propensity Score Matching, the retired and each of the comparison groups separately were made identical for: - personal characteristics - age - gender - marital status - education - religion important - country - year
Distribution
N for matched comparisons
226 1-0a
112 1-0b
62    1-0c
139 1-0d
Operationalization
1: Retired
0: Not retired
     a: full-time wage employed
     b: self employed
     c :involuntary part-time working
     d: voluntary part-time working

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks C-BW-c-sq-l-11-a DMa = - s Retired                         Ma = 6,0
Full-time wage employed         Ma = 6,4
- difference                        -0,4 C-BW-c-sq-l-11-a DMa = - ns Retired                         Ma = 5,6
Self employed                   Ma = 6,0
- difference                        -0,4 C-BW-c-sq-l-11-a DMa = + ns Retired                         Ma = 6,8
part-time involuntary employed  Ma = 6,2
- difference                        +0,6 C-BW-c-sq-l-11-a DMa = - ns Retired                         Ma = 6,5
Part-time voluntary employed    Ma = 6,8
- difference                        -0,3 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-j DMa = - s Retired                         Ma = 0,7
Full-time wage employed         Ma = 0,8
- difference                        -0,1 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-j DMa = - ns Retired                         Ma = 0,7
Self employed                   Ma = 0,7
- difference                        -0,0 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-j DMa = - ns Retired                         Ma = 0,8
Part-time involuntary employed  Ma = 0,9
- difference                        -0,1 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-j DMa = - s Retired                         Ma = 0,7
Part-time voluntary employed    Ma = 0,8
- difference                        -0,1 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-j DMa = - Retired:                        M = +0.52
Part-time involuntary employed  M = +0.68
- differenc                         -0.16 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-j DMa = - Retired:                        M = +0.45
Full-time wage employed:        M = +0.51
- difference                        -0.06 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-j DMa = + Retired:                        M = +0.48
Self employed:                  M = +0.42
- difference                        +0.06 A-AB-yd-mq-v-2-j DMa = + Retired:                        M = +0.61
Part-time voluntary employed:   M = +0.50
- difference                        +0.11

Affect Balance (M) computed by WDH team substracting negative affect (stress, anger) from positive affect (experienced happiness, smiled)