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Correlational findings

Study Hershey & Henkens (2013): study NL 2001

Public
50+ aged, employed, Netherlands, followed 6 years, 2001-2007
Survey name
NL-NIDI work and retirement panel
Sample
Respondents
N = 1388
Non Response
Assessment
Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)
A questionnaire was sent by mailed.

Correlate

Authors's Label
Retirement path
Our Classification
Remarks
T1: 2001; T2: 2006-2007
Distribution
(a) M=0.46, SD= 0.5; (b) M=0.39, SD=0.49; (c) M=0.02, SD=0.15; (d) M=0.11, SD=0.31; (e) M=0.02, SD=0.15
Operationalization
Selfreport, of employment between T1 to T2:
a) continued working (reference group)
b) left the workforce on a voluntary basis (voluntary)
c) left the workforce for health reasons (involuntary health)
d) left the workforce for organizational reasons such as downsizing (involuntary organizational)
e) left the workforce for other reasons (involuntary other).

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks M-CO-u-mq-v-5-b b = +.09 p < .05 T2 happiness LEVEL by T1-T2 CHANGE in employment
- on a voluntary basis (vs continued working)
M-CO-u-mq-v-5-b b = -.39 p < .01 - for health reason (vs continued working) M-CO-u-mq-v-5-b b = -.13 p < .01 - for organizational reason (vs continued working) M-CO-u-mq-v-5-b b = -.13 ns - for other reason  (vs continued working)

all b controlled for T1:
- positive health change
- negative health change
- became divorced at T2
- became widowed at T2
M-CO-u-mq-v-5-b ES = +.14 T1-T2 CHANGE happiness by T1-T2 CHANGE in employment
- on a voluntary basis (vs continued working)
M-CO-u-mq-v-5-b ES = +.62 - for health reason (vs continued working) M-CO-u-mq-v-5-b ES = +.20 - for organizational reason (vs continued working)

all effect size controlled for T1:
- life satisfaction(to capture change)
- education
- had supervisor
- self-rated health
- wealth
- positive health change
- negative health change
- became divorced at T2
- became widowed at T2
M-CO-u-mq-v-5-b DM = T1-T2 CHANGE happiness by T1-T2 CHANGE in employment status.

Voluntarily retired:   no change.
Continued working:     small declined
Involuntarily retired: sharper decline
M-CO-u-mq-v-5-b DM = T1-T2 CHANGE happiness by T1-T2 CHANGE in employment by reasons.

Happiness was affected not only by failing health but also by involuntary retired from organizational reason.