Study Feller et al. (2013): study DE 1994
- Public
- 35-65 aged, general population, Germany, followed 4 years1994-2008
- Survey name
- EU-EPIC (Europ. Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition) 1994-1998
- Sample
- Respondents
- N = 48976
- Non Response
- Assessment
-
Interview: face-to-face
Baseline instruments to collect several aspects on diet and life-style included self-administered questionnaires, PC-guided interviews and physical examinations
Correlate
- Authors's Label
- Later myocardial infarction
- Our Classification
-
-
- Operationalization
- Myocardial infarction, diagnosed at follow-up
Observed Relation with Happiness
MEN
HR p 95%CI n
Very satisfied(ref.) 1 142
Rather satisfied 1.02 ns 0.82-1.26 241
Unsatisfied 1.36 ns 0.98-1.90 50
HR controlled for:
- age
- study center
'Rather satisfied' men had a 2% increased risk for a myocardial infarct compared to 'very satisfied' men, 'unsatisfied' men had a 36% higher risk for a myocardial infarction compared to the 'very satisfied'.
Additional control for smoking, alcohol intake, physical activity, education,waist/hip ratio, fruits/vegetables consumption, red meat consumption, wholegrain consumption,hypertension and diabetes 2 did not effect lambda significantly.
HR p 95%CI n
Very satisfied(ref.) 1 32
Rather satisfied 1.49 .052 0.98-2.26 82
Unsatisfied 1.66 .052 0.89-3.09 15
HRs controlled for:
- age
- study center
'Rather satisfied' women had a 5% increased risk for a myocardial infarct compared to 'very satisfied' men, 'unsatisfied' men had a 47% higher risk for a myocardial infarction compared to the 'very satisfied'.
Very satisfied(ref.) 1 32
Rather satisfied 1.38 ns 0.91-2.10 82
Unsatisfied 1.41 ns 0.75-2.63 15
HR additionally controlled for:
- smoking
- alcohol use
- physical activity
- education
- waist/hip ratio
- fruit and vegetable consumption
- red meat consumption
- wholegrain bread consumption
'Rather satisfied' women had a 5% increased risk for a myocardial infarct compared to 'very satisfied' men, 'unsatisfied' men had a 47% higher risk for a myocardial infarction compared to the 'very satisfied'.
Very satisfied(ref.) 1 32
Rather satisfied 1.39 ns 0.92-2.12 82
Unsatisfied 1.26 ns 0.67-2.38 15
HR additionally controlled for:
- hypertension
- diabetes 2
'Rather satisfied' women had a 39% increased risk for a myocardial infarct compared to 'very satisfied' women, 'unsatisfied' women had a 26% higher risk for a myocardial infarction compared to the 'very satisfied'.