Correlational findings | World Database of Happiness

Study Berlin & Kaunitz (2015): study SE 1991

Public: 18-75 aged general public, Sweden, followed 9 years1991, 2000
Sample
Respondents: N = 6406
Non Response
Assessment: Interview: face-to-face
or by telephone

Correlate

Authors's Label

Source of cash margin

Our Classification

Distribution

1: 72%: 0a: 4%; 0b: 7%; 0c: 7%; 0d: 1%

Operationalization

If a situation suddenly arose where you had to come come up with 10,000 kr, could you manage it? (yes/no) If yes, where the cash margin comes from?

1 Own saving (reference)
0 Another source
  a  Loan from family
  b  Loan from friend
  c  Bank loan
  d  Other

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure

Statistics

Elaboration / Remarks

O-SLC-u-sq-v-5-c

b = -.11 ns

REGRESSION COEFFICIENT (non-standardized) by LEAST SQUARES (OLS)

Type: test statistic
Measurement level: Correlate: metric, Happiness: metric
Theoretical range: unlimited

Meaning:
b > 0   A higher correlate level corresponds with a higher happiness rating on average.
B < 0   A higher correlate level corresponds with a lower happiness rating on average.
B = 0   Not any correlation with the relevant correlate.

Loan from family (vs. own saving)

O-SLC-u-sq-v-5-c

b = -.23 p < .000

REGRESSION COEFFICIENT (non-standardized) by LEAST SQUARES (OLS)

Loan from friend (vs. own saving)

O-SLC-u-sq-v-5-c

b = -.33 p < .000

REGRESSION COEFFICIENT (non-standardized) by LEAST SQUARES (OLS)

Bank loan (vs. own saving)

O-SLC-u-sq-v-5-c

b = -.11 ns

REGRESSION COEFFICIENT (non-standardized) by LEAST SQUARES (OLS)

Other (vs. own saving)

O-SLC-u-sq-v-5-c

b-fix = -.08 ns

REGRESSION COEFICIENT in fixed effects analysis

Type: test statistic
WDH symbol: b-fix
Primary correlate level: metric
Secondary correlate level: nonmetric
Happiness level: metric
Theoretical range: unlimited
Meaning:
Variant of usual (non-standardized) regression coefficient (b), which controls for the secondary variables, by focusing on differences from a fixed level, such as the mean in a category. Aims to reduce the residual variance and to improve the precision of the regression coefficient.

References:
Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixed_effects_model
Non-technical text: http://www.jblumenstock.com/files/courses/econ174/FEModels.pdf

Loan from family (vs. own saving)

O-SLC-u-sq-v-5-c

b-fix = -.18 p < .1

REGRESSION COEFICIENT in fixed effects analysis

Loan from friend (vs. own saving)

O-SLC-u-sq-v-5-c

b-fix = -.34 p < .000

REGRESSION COEFICIENT in fixed effects analysis

Bank loan (vs. own saving)

O-SLC-u-sq-v-5-c

b-fix = +.11 ns

REGRESSION COEFICIENT in fixed effects analysis

Other (vs. own saving)

O-SLu-g-sq-v-3-e

b = -.07 ns

REGRESSION COEFFICIENT (non-standardized) by LEAST SQUARES (OLS)

Loan from family (vs. own saving)

O-SLu-g-sq-v-3-e

b = -.15 p < .000

REGRESSION COEFFICIENT (non-standardized) by LEAST SQUARES (OLS)

Loan from friend (vs. own saving)

O-SLu-g-sq-v-3-e

b = -.14 p < .000

REGRESSION COEFFICIENT (non-standardized) by LEAST SQUARES (OLS)

Bank loan (vs. own saving)

O-SLu-g-sq-v-3-e

b = -.08 ns

REGRESSION COEFFICIENT (non-standardized) by LEAST SQUARES (OLS)

Other (vs. own saving)

O-SLu-g-sq-v-3-e

b-fix = -.16 ns

REGRESSION COEFICIENT in fixed effects analysis

Loan from family (vs. own saving)

O-SLu-g-sq-v-3-e

b-fix = -.20 p < .05

REGRESSION COEFICIENT in fixed effects analysis

Loan from friend (vs. own saving)

O-SLu-g-sq-v-3-e

b-fix = -.13 ns

REGRESSION COEFICIENT in fixed effects analysis

Bank loan (vs. own saving)

O-SLu-g-sq-v-3-e

b-fix = -.12 ns

REGRESSION COEFICIENT in fixed effects analysis

Other (vs. own saving)

b and b-fix controled for:
- income
- sex
- age
- education attainment
- symptom index
- cohabitationg (parent)
- single parent
- emplozment status