Study Bachman et al. (1978): study US 1966

Public

Public highschool boys followed 8 years from grade 10, USA, 1966-74

Sample

Respondents

N = 1628

Non Response

2.8% at T1, 17.2% at T2, 21.0% at T3, 28.9% at T4, 28.5% at T5

Assessment

Multiple assesment methods
Interviews, tests and questionnaires

Correlate

Authors's Label

Works harder than average

Our Classification

Operationalization

Simple direct question at T1 and T2: "How hard do you think you work in school compared to the other students in your class?" 1 = much less hard;
2 = less hard;  3 = about average:
4 = harder;     5 = much harder

Observed Relation with Happiness