print

Correlational findings

Study Andersson (2008): study SE 1991

Public
18+aged, working people, Sweden, followed 9 years, 1991-2000
Survey name
SE-Swedish Level of Living Survey: combined waves
Sample
Respondents
N = 1998
Non Response
Assessment
Interview: face-to-face

Correlate

Authors's Label
Self-employment
Our Classification
Remarks
Assessed at T1 (1991) and T2 (2000)
Operationalization
1: self-employed
0: wage-earners

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks M-FH-g-sq-v-3-e D% = + ns CURRENT employemnt by CURRENT happiness
1991 % happy
-Self-employed  64.1%
-Wage-earners   61.4%
difference      +2.7% M-FH-g-sq-v-3-e D% = + p < .01 2000 % happy
-Self-employed 70.5%
-Wage-earners  59.1%
difference     +11.4% M-FH-g-sq-v-3-e LRCD = +.34 p < .01 LRCD controled for time dummy (2000 vs 1991). M-FH-g-sq-v-3-e LRCD = +.38 p < .01 LRCD additionally controled for:
-age
-gender
-place of birth
-education
-marital status
-place of residence
-having children at home M-FH-g-sq-v-3-e b = +.09 p < .01 b controled for:
-age
-gender
-place of birth
-education
-marital status
-children
-place of residence M-FH-g-sq-v-3-e D% = + ns T1-T2 CHANGE employment by T1-T2 CHANGE happiness
Self-employed both in T1 and T2
-T1(1991):  63.7%
-T2(2000):  69.0%
difference  +5.3% M-FH-g-sq-v-3-e D% = + ns Wage-earner in T1 and self-employed in T2
-T1(1991):  67.0%
-T2(2000):  72.3%
difference  +5.3% M-FH-g-sq-v-3-e D% = + ns Wage-earner both in T1 and T2
-T1(1991):  61.1%
-T2(2000):  59.2%
difference  -1.9% M-FH-g-sq-v-3-e D% = + ns Self-employed in T1 and wage-earner in T2
-T1(1991):  66.7%
-T2(2000):  55.6%
difference  -11.1% M-FH-g-sq-v-3-e b-fix = +.34 ns b-fix not controled M-FH-g-sq-v-3-e b-fix = +.35 ns b-fix controled (see below)

These fixed effects are not negative, which means that the higher happiness of the self-employed does not result from self-selection of the happy into self-employment M-FH-g-sq-v-3-e b = +.09 p < .01 b and b-fix controled for:
-age
-gender
-education
-marital status
-having children at homechildren
-place or residence

Negative year dummy (b = -.04) indictes that wage-employed became less happy from 1991 to 200