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Correlational findings

Study Lelkes (2002): study HU 1992

Public
16+ aged, general public, Hungary, 1992-1998
Survey name
Unnamed study
Sample
Respondents
N = 9167
Non Response
Assessment

Not reported.

Correlate

Authors's Label
Employment status
Our Classification
Related specification variables
Operationalization
0: Employee
1: Other
    a: Self-employed
    b: Unemployed
    c: Disability pensioner
    d: Pensioner
    e: Student
    f: Other inactive

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a DM = - Table O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = -.29 ns SELF-EMPLOYED (vs employed)
1992 O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = +.23 ns 1998 O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a Beta = -.03 ns 1992 O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a Beta = -.08 ns 1998 O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = -.29 ns Full pooled sample O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a = Interaction with 1998 dummy (b=+.51, p<.10) O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = +.42 ns Religious only
Full pooled sample O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a = Interaction with 1998 dummy (b=-1.1 ns) O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = +.31 ns Religious, excluding new believers
Full pooled sample O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a = Interaction with 1998 dummy (b=-.90 ns) O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = -.37 p < .10 Non-religious only
Full pooled sample O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a = Interaction with 1998 dummy (b=+.72, p<.01) O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = -1.0 p < .01 UNEMPLOYED (vs employed)
1992 O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = -.98 p < .01 1998 O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a Beta = -.02 p < .01 1992 O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a Beta = +.02 p < .01 1998 O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = -1.0 p < .01 Full pooled sample O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a = Interaction with 1998 dummy (b=+.03 ns) O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = -1.4 ns Religious only
Full pooled sample O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a = Interaction with 1998 dummy (b=+1.2 ns) O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = -1.5 ns Religious, excluding new believers
Full pooled sample O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = +1.4 ns Interaction with 1998 dummy (b=+1.4 ns) O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = -.97 p < .01 Non-religious only
Full pooled sample O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a = Interaction with 1998 dummy (b=-.09 ns) O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = -.79 p < .01 DISABILITY PENSIONER (vs employee)
1992 O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = -.65 p < .01 1998 O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a Beta = -.08 p < .01 1992 O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a Beta = -.08 p < .01 1998 O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = -.79 p < .01 Full pooled sample O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a = Interaction with 1998 dummy (b=+.14 ns) O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = -.15 ns Religious only
Full pooled sample O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a = Interaction with 1998 dummy (b=-.16 ns) O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = -.05 ns Religious, excluding new believers
Full pooled sample O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a = Interaction with 1998 dummy (b=-.18 ns) O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = -.92 p < .01 Non-religious only
Full pooled sample O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a = Interaction with 1998 dummy (b=+.22 ns) O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = -.20 ns PENSIONER (vs employee)
1992 O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = -.46 p < .01 1998 O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a Beta = -.07 ns 1992 O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a Beta = -.07 p < .01 1998 O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = -.21 ns Full pooled sample O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a = Interaction effect with 1998 dummy (b=-.25 ns)

Similar results are obtained for:
-religious people only
-religious people, excluding new believers
-non-religious people only O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = +1.8 p < .01 STUDENT (vs employee)
1992 O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = +1.5 p < .01 1998 O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a Beta = +.15 p < .01 1992 O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a Beta = +.15 p < .01 1998 O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a = Interaction effect with 1998 dummy (b=-.31 ns)

Similar results are obtained for:
-religious people only
-religious people, excluding new believers
-non-religious people only O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = -.48 p < .01 OTHER INACTIVE (vs employee)
1992 O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = -.25 ns 1998 O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a Beta = -.05 p < .01 1992 O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a Beta = -.03 ns 1998 O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = -.48 p < .01 Full pooled sample O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = +.23 ns Interaction with 1998 dummy O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = -.02 ns Religious only
Main effect O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a = Interaction with 1998 dummy (b=+.06 ns) O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = +.14 ns Religious, excluding new believers
Full pooled sample O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = -.25 ns Interaction with 1998 dummy O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a b = -.52 p < .01 Non-religious only
Full pooled sample O-SLC-h-sq-n-11-a = Interaction with 1998 dummy (b=+.23 ns)

b and Beta control for:
-religious involvement
-employment status
-income
-education level
-age
-gender
-Gypsy ethnicity
-living in Budapest
-marital status
-number of children

Similar results are obtained when personal income is used instead of household income adjusted for household size.

Analysis incorporates sampling weights for the correction of sampling design (1992) and sample fit (1998).