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Correlational findings

Study Ludwig (1971): study US 1966

Public
Female students, undergraduates, University of Wisconsin, USA, 196?
Sample
Respondents
N = 72
Non Response
81%; 61% refusal, 5% eliminated on basis of screening data, 15% miscellaneous re
Assessment
Multiple assesment methods
Structured questionnaires, tests; and interview.

Correlate

Authors's Label
Elated mood during experiment
Our Classification
Remarks
Related specification variables
Operationalization
Two indicators were used to measure mood. Ss answered these questions at the end of an experimental situation in which their self-esteem was experimentally altered. This was done by means of a false personality report dealing with the subject's creativity, maturity and other things.
  
1. 5-item elation cluster from the
   Nowlis-Green Mood Adjective Check-
   list, containing adjectives scored
   for 'how do you feel at the moment'
   (see Nowlis, 1965).


2. 4-item index of closed questions on
   mood right now, the best you felt
   today, the worst you felt today, and
   the way you usually feel: scored on
   the Wessman & Ricks Elation vs
   Depression Scale (see excerpt WESSM
   1960, II).

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks A-AOL-u-mq-v-10-a r = +.31 p < .05 Among happy Ss temporaly mood is unaffected by  bolstered self-esteem and slightly decreased by reduced self-esteem.

Among unhappy Ss temporaly mood is unaffected  by reduced self-esteem and increased by bolstered self-esteem.
A-AOL-u-mq-v-10-a r = +.02 p < .01 - Among happy Ss temporaly mood is increased by
  reduced self-esteem and slightly decreased by
  bolstered self-esteem.
- Among unhappy Ss temporaly mood is higher after
  bolstered self-esteem than after reduced self-
  esteem.