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Correlational findings

Study Ek et al. (2008): study FI Northern Finland 1997

Public
31-aged general public, Finland, 1997-1998
Survey name
FI-Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort
Sample
Respondents
N = 5696
Non Response
21%
Assessment
Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)

Correlate

Authors's Label
Education
Our Classification
Related specification variables
Operationalization
Self-report on single question:
What is the highest education level you finished?
1) basic
2) secondary
3) tertiary (reference)

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-SLu-g-sq-v-3-d OR = 1.57 ns SECONDARY   (vs tertiary)
Men
O-SLu-g-sq-v-3-d OR = 1.53 ns BASIC       (vs tertiary)
Men:
OR when controlled for:
- recent migration
- employment history

Similar findings observed when no covariates are included or OR additionally controlled for:
- social support
- active coping strategies
- passive coping strategies
- attitude towards the future

Similar findings are found for women.

Odds ratio of 1 means equal happiness, a higher odds ratio than 1 means less happiness, a lower odds ratio than 1 means higher happiness.