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Correlational findings

Study Ek et al. (2008): study FI Northern Finland 1997

Public
31-aged general public, Finland, 1997-1998
Survey name
FI-Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort
Sample
Respondents
N = 5696
Non Response
21%
Assessment
Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)

Correlate

Authors's Label
Living in Rural vs. Urban area
Our Classification
Related specification variables
Operationalization
Based on place of residence
1: Rural
0: Urban

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-SLu-g-sq-v-3-d OR = .79 ns WOMEN

No controls O-SLu-g-sq-v-3-d OR = .69 p < .05 OR when controlled for:
- recent migration
- education
- employment history

Similar findings when additionally controlled for:
- social support
- active coping strategies
- passive coping strategies
- attitude towards the future O-SLu-g-sq-v-3-d OR = 1.36 p < .05 MEN

No controls O-SLu-g-sq-v-3-d OR = .97 ns OR controlled for:
- recent migration
- education
- employment history

Similar findings when additionally controlled for:
- social support
- active coping strategies
- passive coping strategies
- attitude towards the future

Odds ratio of 1 means equal happiness, a higher odds ratio than 1 means less happiness, a lower odds ratio than 1 means higher happiness.