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Correlational findings

Study Ek et al. (2008): study FI Northern Finland 1997

Public
31-aged general public, Finland, 1997-1998
Survey name
FI-Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort
Sample
Respondents
N = 5696
Non Response
21%
Assessment
Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)

Correlate

Authors's Label
Migration
Our Classification
Remarks
Migration assessed comparing residence at age 23 (earlier wave in this panel) and 31 (present wave).
Related specification variables
Operationalization
1: Migrated in the last 8 years
   a)  from an urban to a rural area
   b)  from a rural area to an urban area
0: Not migrated in the last 8 years

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-SLu-g-sq-v-3-d OR = .65 NS MALE URBAN-TO-RURAL MOVERS (vs non-migrants in urban areas) O-SLu-g-sq-v-3-d OR = .81 NS MALE RURAL-TO-URBAN MOVERS (vs non-migrants in urban areas)

OR controlled for:
- education
- employment history

Similar findings were obtained when no controls are included or when additionally controlled for:
- social support
- active coping strategies
- passive coping strategies
- attitude towards the future

Similar findings are found for females.

Odds ratio of 1 means equal happiness, a higher odds ratio than 1 means less happiness, a lower odds ratio than 1 means higher happiness.