Study Sheldon & Elliot (1999): study US 1994

Public

18+ aged, students USA, followed 3 months,199?

Sample

Respondents

N = 169

Non Response

Assessment

Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)
T1+T5: in-class questionnaires T2-T4: questionnaires within lab-sessions

Correlate

Authors's Label

Semester effort

Our Classification

Error Estimates

α=.93

Remarks

T2-T4: Assessed 3 times during 3 month semester

Distribution

M=5.72, SD=1.33

Operationalization

At beginning of semester subjects listed 10 things they would be "typically or characteristically trying to do in daily life"

3 times during semester participants answered for all 10 goals the question "How hard are you trying in pursuing this striving?"

Rated 1 (not at all hard) to 9 (very hard)

Semester effort variable was formed by averaging the 30 ratings

Observed Relation with Happiness